assembly instructions for cable gland: 710 - atex / iecex certified · the cable, then tighten a...

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arts Article Eerie Systems and Saudade for a Lost Nature Paul Goodfellow Department of Arts, Northumbria University, Newcastle NE1 8ST, UK; [email protected] Received: 10 August 2019; Accepted: 13 September 2019; Published: 24 September 2019 Abstract: This paper considers Art’s engagement with the socio-ecological systems in operation in the world. Drawing from both environmental and art history, this paper employs the Deleuzean concept of the fold to suggest three overlapping periods of ecological-systems awareness over the past sixty years. This paper demonstrates how we have shifted our attention from a material engagement with the Earth to a primary engagement with systems which describe and simulate the Earth. This shift in attention to secondary information and an enfoldment within systems, defined as the Post-Systems Condition, manifests in the aesthetic quality of the eerie and a profound sense of saudade or longing for a lost nature. Keywords: saudade; eerie; virtual; systems; fold; nature; simulation 1. The Folds, Saudade and the Eerie This paper considers art’s understanding and engagement with the socio-ecological systems in operation in the world. Drawing from both environmental and art history, this paper employs the Deleuzean concept of the fold to suggest three overlapping periods of systems engagement within culture to question whether our conception of Earth has been extended or obscured by our increased understanding of the ecological, social and cybernetic systems in operation. This paper demonstrates how we have shifted our attention from a material engagement with earth systems to a primary engagement with simulations of these systems. This shift in focus from the material to the virtual produces the aesthetic experience of the eerie, whilst simultaneously inducing a profound sense of saudade, or longing for a lost nature. The terms nature, eerie and saudade and the concept of the fold are introduced, before being applied to the three temporal folds within culture, and how these are played out in the co-evolving dimensions or folds of ecology, systems and art 1 . The concept of nature is employed in this paper to denote an out-of-date understanding of the Earth and earth-systems. Nature suggests an external and romantic location to be visited, which is somehow separate from our mental, social, cybernetic and technological systems we employ to describe the Earth. This discussion of nature is understood in relation to the human impact on the Earth-systems which has been variously defined as the Anthropocene, Capitalocene, Plantationocene and Chthulucene (Demos 2017, pp. 85–112). Drawing from Timothy Morton’s dark ecological thinking, this paper proposes that we extend our understanding of nature to encompass all human and machine activity. Morton describes this perspective as an ‘ecology without nature’ (Morton 2012, p. 10), stating, This ghostly Nature inhibited the growth of the ecological thought. Only now, when contemporary capitalism and consumerism cover the entire Earth and reach deeply 1 Some of the ideas contained in this paper, and in particular the system folds, and the concept of the Post-System Condition are refinements of ideas originally developed in the author’s practice-based Fine Art PhD. The author is a practising artist, but has a background in geography and environmental science and has experienced first-hand the disorientation of working with complex environmental information systems. Arts 2019, 8, 124; doi:10.3390/arts8040124 www.mdpi.com/journal/arts

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Page 1: Assembly Instructions for cable gland: 710 - ATEX / IECEx Certified · the cable, then tighten a further half to full turn using a spanner / wrench. Ensure that the middle nut does

Compound

5

4

3

2

1

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2

1

3 3

Operating temperature range -60°C +80°C

Assembly Instructions for cable gland:

710 - ATEX / IECEx Certified

AI 391 / Issue F - 09/17

1. Backnut2. Middle Nut3. Pot Cap4. Compound Pot5. Entry (with captive deluge seal), if fitted

A

Strip Cable to suit equipment as shown above,removing all cable fillers.

Length 'I' to suit equipment.

If required, fit shroud.

B

Position rear of pot cap level with prepared faceof cable insulation, ensuring that the cap remainsconcentric to cable at all times.

C

Spread out the cable cores and the individual strandsof uninsulated conductors for the compound packing.Pack the compound between the cores and strandsas shown.

See notes overleaf and Fig. 7 for compound preparation.

Section cut-away toshow orientation of pot

Cable Preparation Cable Gland Preparation

I

Certification Details

AI 391 - Issue F / Page 1 of 4

www.ehawke.comUK OfficeOxford Street West,Ashton-Under-Lyne,Lancashire. OL7 0NA. UK

Sales: +44 (0) 161 830 6698Technical: +44 (0) 161 830 6697

Fax: +44 (0) 161 830 6648E-mail: [email protected]

Connection Solutions

A member of the Hubbell Group of Companies

Hawke International is a division of Hubbell Ltd.Registered No. 669157 in England. Registered Office:Cannon Place, 78 Cannon Street, London EC4N 6AF.

Gland Type: 710Exdb IIC Gb / Exeb IIC Gb / ExnR IIC Gc / Extb IIIC DbSIRA06ATEX1295X II 2 GD IP66SIRA07ATEX4330X II 3 GD IP66IECEx SIR06.0082XEAC RU C-GB.ГБ05.B.00750

Note: ExnR II and Cat 3 marking is optional.

Standards:IEC 60079-0:2011 Ed 6IEC 60079-1:2014 Ed 7IEC 60079-7:2015 Ed 5IEC 60079-15:2010 Ed 4IEC 60079-31:2013 Ed 2

EN 60079-0:2012+A11:2013EN 60079-1:2014EN 60079-7:2015 EN 60079-15:2010EN 60079-31:2014

Page 2: Assembly Instructions for cable gland: 710 - ATEX / IECEx Certified · the cable, then tighten a further half to full turn using a spanner / wrench. Ensure that the middle nut does

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AI 391 - Issue F / Page 2 of 4

D

With all gaps and voids filled, bring the conductorsback together and pack more compound aroundthe outside of the conductors. Tape the conductorstogether to prevent disturbance of the compoundseal. Pass the compound pot over pot cap andremove any surplus compound from the top ofcompound pot and joint faces as indicated.

E

Replace the entry over the compound pot ensuring that compound does not cover end ofcompound pot

Note: If the equipment has a threaded entry itmay be advisable to screw the entry componentinto the equipment to prevent twisting of the cableafter step F

F

Locate and hand tighten the sub-assembly and to the entry . While holding the entry with aspanner / wrench add half a turn to the middle nut .Unscrew the sub-assembly and from theentry then remove any surplus compund from thegland components.Again locate and hand tighten the sub-assembly and onto the entry .

G

To further locate and support the compound andcompound pot assembly, while holding the middlenut with a spanner / wrench, tighten the backnut until the seal grips the cable to prevent movementof the cable gland.

IMPORTANT: The conductors must not

be moved for a minimum of four hours.

H

Allow the compound to cure.(See Fig. 7 for Curing Times).Untighten firstly the backnut from andsecondly the middle nut from the entry . Check that compound has cured.

I

Hand tighten the sub-assembly and to theentry and add half a turn to with a spanner /wrench. Tighten the backnut to form a seal aroundthe cable, then tighten a further half to full turn usinga spanner / wrench. Ensure that the middle nut does not rotate when tightening the backnut .Ensure that the deluge seal is pulled into position iffitted. Locate the shroud over the cable gland ifapplicable.

Tape

Remove surpluscompound

Removesurplus compound

Removesurplus compound

Compound

35mm

When handling this material, the gloves supplied must be worn. The epoxy compound is supplied in the form of a two part package. These should be mixed into theratio of 1:1 until both colours have blended into one, without any streaks. Rolling and folding is the most satisfactory method of obtaining an even blend. Once mixed, the compound must be used within 30 minutes. After this time it will begin to stiffen. The compound should be kept at an ambient temperature of no less than 20°Cprior to using. At lower temperatures it becomes difficult to mix. Should any compound come into contact with the skin it should be cleaned off with skin cleaner andnot allowed to dry on the skin. Only compound for immediate terminations should be mixed.

The mixing and installation of the compound at an ambient temperature below 5°C is not recommended due to extended curing periods.

EPOXY COMPOUND PREPARATION

Page 3: Assembly Instructions for cable gland: 710 - ATEX / IECEx Certified · the cable, then tighten a further half to full turn using a spanner / wrench. Ensure that the middle nut does

1.0 INSULATING EARTH OR DRAIN WIRES WITH HEAT SHRINK OR COLD SHRINK TUBING

1.1 Remove foils and tape level with the inner sheath, exposing the uninsulated earth or drain wires and insulated conductors. Cut back a further 10mm of inner sheath. 1.2 Pass 100mm length of heat shrink or cold shrink tubing over the uninsulated earth or drain wire until it comes into contact with the foils, then shrink the tubing evenly down onto the uninsulated earth or drain wire so that no air pockets occur. 1.3 To insulate the joint between the foils and the tubing a suitable piece of 10mm long shrink tubing or neoprene stretch tubing or a 10mm wide lap of PVC tape may be used. 1.4 After completing 1.1 to 1.4 on each earth or drain wire, lay the armour parallel to the cable, if applicable, then carry out instruction B.

UNINSULATED EARTH OR DRAIN WIRE PREPARATION

INDIVIDUAL SHIELDING OR SCREEN PREPARATION

The following instructions are the approved methods of passing drain wires etc. through the compound barrierand should be followed if permitted by cable installation specifications.

2.0 INSULATING SCREENS WITH HEAT SHRINK OR COLD SHRINK TUBING

2.1 Unravel one or two groups of wires from the individual shielding or screen wires, then remove the remainder of the individual shielding or screen wires (See Fig. 2) and twist the wires along their full length. 2.2 Pass 100mm length of heat shrink or cold shrink tubing over the individual shielding or screen until it comes into contact with the foils, then shrink the tubing evenly down onto the individual shielding or screen so that no air pockets occur. 2.3 To insulate the joint between the individual shielding or screen wires and the tubing, place one lap of PVC insulating tape over the exposed metallic joint. 2.4 After completing 2.1 to 2.5 on each individual shielding or screen, lay the armour parallel to the cable. Then carry out instruction B.

AI 391 - Issue F / Page 3 of 4

128

908070605040302010

0

Shor

e H

ardn

ess

Time (Hours)

40 ºC25 ºC

4 ºC

4 16

Epoxy Compound

Cure Time Vs. Temperature

Fig. 7

The compound may be adversely affected by some solvent vapours. If such vapours are likely to be present in the vicinity of the cable gland in service, suitable precautions may be necessary. (Contact Hawke's Technical Dept).

The compound cures at a Shore D hardness of 85, when it can be handled. The compound when fully cured is suitable for use at a temperature range of -50°C to +60°C.

Outer Sheath

10mm

Metal Armour Sheath One or two groupsof screen wires

Screen Wires

Metal Armour Sheath

Foils

Drain Wireor Twisted Screen Insulated

Drain Wireor Twisted Screen

Sleeving or Tape

Fig. 1 Fig. 2

Fig. 3 Fig. 5Fig. 4

Page 4: Assembly Instructions for cable gland: 710 - ATEX / IECEx Certified · the cable, then tighten a further half to full turn using a spanner / wrench. Ensure that the middle nut does

CABLE GLAND SELECTION TABLE

Entry Thread Size

Metric

SizeRef.

NPT Unco

mpr

esse

dLe

ngth

AcrossFlats

AcrossCorners

HexagonDimensions

OABC

C2

DEF

M20M20M25M32M40

M50M63M75

12.518.424.729.7

41.753.566.2

24.030.036.046.055.0

65.080.095.0

27.734.641.653.163.5

75.192.4

109.6

Inner Sheath /Cores

Outer Sheath

Max.

Cable Acceptance Details

10.0 1215304260

80100120

Min.

12.516.922.028.0

36.046.057.0

20.526.033.041.0

52.665.378.0

9.5 16.0Os M20 24.0

81.083.087.092.099.0

113.0117.0120.0

81.0 27.710.0 12 5.5 12.0

Max.OverCores

MaxNo.of

Cores

¾" - ½"

2½" - 2"3" - 2½"

½"½"

1" - ¾"1¼" - 1"

1½" - 1¼"

2" - 1½"

AI 391 - Issue F / Page 4 of 4

ACCESSORIES:

Before cable gland assembly or stripping of the cable gland assembly, consideration should be given to any cable gland accessories that may be required, such as: -

Shroud, to offer additional corrosion protection. Locknut, to secure cable glands into position. Sealing washer, to offer additional ingress protection of the enclosure

at the cable gland entry. Earthtag, to provide an external armour / braid bonding point. Serrated washer, to dampen any vibrations that may loosen the

locknut or cable gland assembly.

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS

1. The equipment may be used with flammable gases and vapours with apparatus group(s) IIA, IIB and IIC.

2. Installation and cable selection shall be carried out by suitably trained personnel in accordance with the applicable code of practice e.g. EN 60079-14 (IEC 60079-14).

3. The cable glands contain no serviceable parts and spare parts are not allowed to be supplied under the certification.

4. The certification of this equipment relies upon the following materials used in its construction:

Brass, Nickel Plated Brass, Aluminium, Stainless Steel metallic body and armour clamping components, Epoxy Compound and Silicon Rubber seals (back seal and optional deluge seal) and Acetal for the rear seal clamp. The user is responsible in ensuring that the materials listed are suitable for their intended application in both normal and hostile atmospheres. Particular attention should be paid to aggressive substances e.g. acids and alkalis or gases that may attack metals, or solvents or other liquids that may affect polymeric material.

5. Inspection and maintenance of these cable glands shall be carried out by suitably trained personnel in accordance with the applicable code of practice e.g. EN 60079-17 (IEC 60079-17). During periodic inspections the cable glands should be checked externally for tightness and visually inspected for any harmful corrosion.

6. Cable gland installation work should not be carried out on live circuits.

EU Declaration of Conformity in accordance with European Directive 2014/34/EU

Manufacturer: Hawke International

Address: Oxford Street West, Ashton-under-Lyne, OL7 0NA, United Kingdom

Equipment Type: Range of Group II Barrier Cable Glands types: 710

Provisions of the Directive fulfilled by the Equipment: Group II Category 2/3GD Exeb IIC Gb, Exdb IIC Gb, ExnRc IIC Gc, Extb IIIC Db – IP66Notified Body for EU-Type Examination: SIRA Certification 0518 Chester UKEU-type Examination Certificate: Sira 06ATEX1295X, ExnR covered on Sira 07ATEX4330X. Notified Body for production: SIRA Certification 0518 Chester UKHarmonised Standards used: EN 60079-0:2012+A11:2013, IEC60079-1:2014, EN60079-7:2015, EN60079-15:2010, EN60079-31:2014

On behalf of the above named company, I declare that, on the date the equipment accompanied by this declaration is placed on the market, the

equipment conforms with all technical and regulatory requirements of the above listed directives.

………………………………….A. Tindall

Technical Manager

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

SPECIFIC CONDITIONS OF USE:

1. The entry thread shall be suitably sealed, in accordance with the applicable installation code of practice, to ensure that the ingress protection and restricted breathing sealing standards are maintained.

2. The flameproof joints shall not be repaired.