assessment of shading devices with integrated pv for efficient
TRANSCRIPT
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T e c h n i c a l U n i v e r s i t y o f C r e t eD e p a r t m e n t o f E n v i r o n m e n t a l E n g i n e e r i n gLaboratory of Renewable and Sustainable EnergyS y s t e m s
Sitia Development Organization S.A.
Assessment of Shading Devices withintegrated PV for efficient energy useMaria Mandalaki, Konstantinos Zervas, Theocharis Tsoutsos and Alexandros Vazakas
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Table of Contents
� Introduction and Purpose of the Assignment
� Case Study Shading Devices
Assumptions of the Case Study Sample Space� Assumptions of the Case Study Sample Space
� Meteorological Data and Climate Area Review
� Methodology
� Results
� Conclusions
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Introduction and Purpose of the Assignment
� Problem� Main characteristic of Mediterranean Climates
� Mild Winter / Hot Summer
� Intensive Physical Lighting
� Major power Consumption due to Cooling Loads
� A Solution� Use of Shading Devices as a Common Solution
� Balance between Thermal Comfort and Light availability
� Visual Comfort (especially in office buildings)
� Exploitation of R.E.S. (outer shading devices)
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� Three main types of Shading devices (S.D.)� External S.D. are considered best option, value for money
� Avoids thermal entrapment between the gap (glazing-S.D.)
� Most economical in terms of payback period
Introduction and Purpose of the Assignment
� Easy to mount, easy to un-mount (best for offices, do not interfering with the inner working environment)
� Option for embodying R.E.S. (P.V. panels follow electrical demand)
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� Purpose of the Assignment� Survey design of the best Shading Device for south oriented
façade � Control daylight availability – glare
Introduction and Purpose of the Assignment
� Minimize excess heat input during hot period
� Maximize heat input during cold periods
� Transform Solar radiation on usable electrical current
� Creation of a guide for sustainable design of S.D. in environmental friendly buildings through a manual for “best practice guidelines”
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Case Study Shading Devices� 13 types of external shading devices compared to a room
without shading protection
� “Machines” of energy production and reduction
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� Every S.D. has been compared to the single window type without shading
� Criteria of evaluation� Cooling and heating loads of inner space
Case Study Shading Devices
� Cooling and heating loads of inner space� Electricity needed to ensure visual comfort� Energy production of P.V. panels
� Factor of Visual Comfort� Ratio of electricity produced by P.V. to the electricity needed for
visual comfort
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� Simulation has been held for Crete in Chania territory (T.U.C. campus)
� Meteorological data has been used from the Meteorological laboratory of T.U.C.
� Fixed inner yearly temperature range of 18-26 oC .
� Lighting levels of 500 lux for a
Modeling Assumptions
� Lighting levels of 500 lux for a daily period of 08:00 – 20:00.
� Sunlight surfaces of S.D. are covered with PV cells.
� Typical office room dimensions 3.5m x 5.4m x 2.9m.
� Single window facing North (24% of floor area)
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� PV cells are considered typical polycrystalline efficiency
� Repetition of the module is taken account (Not to over shade the above stories)
� Thermal loads from surrounding walls were considered invariant
� The only variable of the analysis is the type of the S.D.
� Energy needs (thermal & lighting) are calculated with Energy Plus v3.1
� Lighting Levels and PV production are calculated with Autodesk Ecotect v5.6
Modeling Assumptions
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Meteorological Data & Climate Review°C
30
40
50
°C
30
40
50
Dry bulb temperature,(°C
)
Relative humidity, (%)
Direct Solar radiation(W/m²)
Wind Speed, (m/s) Wind Direction Cloud Cover Rain
Estimation of internal
temperature
Wk
Hr
48
1216
2024
2832
3640
4448
52
4
8
12
16
20
24
0
10
20
30
Wk
Hr
48
1216
2024
2832
3640
4448
52
4
8
12
16
20
24
0
10
20
30
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Methodology
� Form’s of S.D. were taken from Literature Review.
� Dimensions of every S.D. were calculated by minimizing the Summer Irradiation and maximizing Winter irradiation.
� Modeling in Ecotect – EnergyPlus incorporating weather data
� Extracting results and develop useful conclusions
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Results
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Results
KWh/m2
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Results
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Results
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Conclusions
� Best for a bioclimatic approach
� Minimum electricity generation for light needs
� Best for a Renewable energy application approach
� Less efficient in thermal needs
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T e c h n i c a l U n i v e r s i t y o f C r e t eD e p a r t m e n t o f E n v i r o n m e n t a l E n g i n e e r i n gLaboratory of Renewable and Sustainable EnergyS y s t e m s
Sitia Development Organization S.A.
Thank you for your attention
Konstantinos Zervas – Environmental engineer, MSc Energy [email protected]