assessment of watershed dams - oklahoma · 2011-04-06 · usda small watershed program. has been...
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Larry Caldwell, PEWatershed Specialist
Oklahoma Conservation CommissionStillwater, OK
Assessment of Watershed Dams
OACD Annual MeetingMidwest City, OKFebruary 28, 2011
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• Brief Background: Importance of assessments to Oklahoma
• What is included in an Assessment Report
• “Next Steps”
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USDA Small Watershed Programhas been important to Oklahoma
for over 60 years
$81 million in benefitseach year
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2,107 Dams in 129 Watersheds(20% of the national total)
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We are here!
Aging InfrastructureDams Built Each Year - Oklahoma
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PL534 ProjectsPl 566 ProjectsPilot ProjectsRC&D Projects
# Dams 50 years old or greater
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586 Dams at or Beyond Design LifeAn average of more than 100 dams per year
will come to the end of their design lifefor each of the next 10 years
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PL534 ProjectsPl 566 ProjectsPilot ProjectsRC&D Projects
# Dams 50 years old or greater
N
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2015
1090Dams at or Beyond Design Life
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For those of you with at least 20 years of your career remaining…
By the time you retire, virtually all of the watershed dams in Oklahoma will have exceeded their design life.
…and some of the dams will be more than 80 years old
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Aging Dams Need Attention!
Sedimentation
Deterioration
Reservoir filling with sediment -
1982 ….
…Same reservoir in 1995
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Aging Dams Need Attention!
Water Leaking into Pipe
Cracked Pipe
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Watershed Dam Can Fail!
Impacts can be devastating to people, the local economy,and the environment
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This is one of those times you wished would never occur until this happened!
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Public Safety Threats
Downstream developmenthas put people in harms way
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Downstream Development !
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2,107 Watershed Dams229 High Hazard Dams
Located in 42 countiesand 44 Conservation Districtsin 65 Watersheds
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Oklahoma's Watershed Rehabilitation Program
• 48 projects funded (1999-2011)
• 21 dams rehabilitated
• 24 dams in implementation (design & construction)
• 3 dams in planning
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Watershed Dam Assessment Project
• Assessment of 147 high hazard dams in Oklahoma
• Part of a nationwide effort funded by NRCS that will result in 658 high hazard dams being assessed
• October 1, 2009 – September 30, 2011
• NRCS – OCC agreement
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Oklahoma Assessment Team (The A-Team)
• Larry Caldwell, Project Coordinator• Ray Riley, Hydrologist• Jim Henley, GIS Specialist• Dwain Phillips, Technical Writer• Lil Holkum, Secretary & Data Management• George Moore, Watershed Technician• Dennis Boney, Watershed Technician• Johnny Pelley, Watershed Technician• Robert Toole, OCC Support• Mike Sharp, OCC Support• Gary Utley, NRCS Support
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Dam Assessment Tasks
• Gather data
• Complete field site visit to evaluate condition of the dam
• Complete breach analysis & prepare breach inundation map
• Check conformance to current dam safety criteria
• Develop rehabilitation alternatives to meet current dam safety criteria
• Determine cost estimates for each alternative to determine scope of a rehabilitation project
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Written report will be
preparedfor each
assessment
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Overview
General description
of dam
Data Gathering
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Field Review toEvaluate the Condition of the Dam
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Document the findings
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General Condition
Development downstream
Development around reservoir
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Embankment
Vegetation
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Embankment
Cracks, settlement, sinkholes, burrows & livestock trails
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Front Slope
Wave action damage
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Inlet Structure & Gate Valves
• Debris guard• Gate & stem condition• Gate operated• Modifications• Deterioration
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Principal Spillway Conduit
Deterioration, corrosion or leakage
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Video inspection of the principal spillway
conduit
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Auxiliary Spillway
Vegetative cover, discontinuities, obstructions
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Principal Spillway Release Channel
• Scour hole stability
• Conduit submerged
• Conduit support
• Outlet channel
– Obstructed
– Degrading
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Seepage and Foundation Drains
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Fencing
Fence repair needs
Gates open
Over grazing
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Occasionally, it might just take another trip to complete the inspection!
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Summary of field
visit findings
• Urgent• Non-urgent• O&M status
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Breach Analysis• Verify hazard classification
• Determine area inundated if the dam should fail
• Identify at-risk properties
Utilize : HEC-RAS 4.1HEC-GeoRAS 4.2Arcview 9.3
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Locate cross-sections to represent the flood plain
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Watershed is modeled using the best available digital elevation model
(LiDAR or 10 meter DEM)
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LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging)
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First ReturnSecond Return
Third ReturnFourth ReturnGround Points
Multiple Laser Returns are Apparent
Penetration
Cross Section of LiDAR points
In its most basic form, LiDAR Data are points (data clouds)
Ponderosa Pine and Juniper
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11,267 sq. mi.
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EXAMPLE FROM SALLISAW 2M LiDAR
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Multiple Laser Returns are Apparent
Penetration
Cross Section of LiDAR points
Ponderosa Pine and Juniper
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First Return Vs Bare Earth
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Complete unsteady flow routing Review elevation grids
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Elevations & inundation depths Are displayed using RASMapper
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Shape file of the breach inundation area is superimposed on 2010 aerial photography
Inundation depths can be color coded
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At-risk properties are located
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At-risk properties inundation depths color codedEach at-risk property is photographed
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At-risk properties with inundation depths are tabulated
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Detailed documentation
of breach analysis
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Population at Risk & Risk Index Ranking
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Determine alternatives to meet current
criteria
1. Rebuild Dam
2. Relocate at-risk
properties
3. Decommission
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Cost estimates for rehabilitation alternatives
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Final assessment report is distributed to the conservation district
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Current Status
• 36 reports have been distributed to 12 CDs
• 30 reports will be going out soon to 7 CDs
• 18 reports will go out within the next month to 1 CD
• Remaining 63 reports will be distributed to 25 CDs prior to September
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“Next Steps” when sponsors receive their assessment report(s):
• Request OCC funding for recommended O&M items. Special attention to “urgent” actions needed
• Update emergency action plans with new breach inundation map and at-risk properties
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“Next Steps” when sponsors receive their assessment report(s):
• Identify dams with most critical rehabilitation needs and submit application for federal assistance SF-424 and make funding request
• NRCS and project sponsors work on planning, design and construction of funded rehabilitation projects
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Private, Local, State, Federal
Oklahoma’s Strong Watershed Partnership
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This publication is issued by the Oklahoma Conservation Commission as authorized by Mike Thralls, executive director. Copies have not been printed but are available through the agency website, http://www.conservation.ok.gov.