assignment 14 photography research and practice

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Assignment 14 Photography Research and Practice Kaya Rahel Joanne Gledis

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Page 1: Assignment 14   photography research and practice

Assignment 14

Photography Research and Practice

Kaya Rahel

JoanneGledis

Page 2: Assignment 14   photography research and practice

Person 1

Kaya

Person 2

Rahel

Person 3

Joanne

Person 4

Gledis

Lighting (overexposure/underexposure

/good exposure)

diffusing

Deep focus

Composition – leading lines

Lighting - Key – high/low

Shutter speed – what is it?

Shallow focus

Composition –rule of thirds/power-points

Lighting – fill (how to fill)

Shutter speed – fast & slow

Transferring photos to computer

Composition – changing angle/perspective

Lighting – reflecting

Shutter speed – motion blur (type 1 & 2)

Transferring photos to computer

Composition  - framing

Who is doing each part of the Presentation…

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Photography Basics – Lighting: Over Exposure

Explanation Example Image My Images

Over exposure in lighting is basically allowing too much light on a photo consequently rinsing it of colours and detailed features in a photo.

This can happen from natural and flash light

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Photography Basics – Lighting: Under Exposure

Explanation Example Image My Images

Under exposure is taking a picture when your surroundings have no natural more flash light thus producing a dark photo which casts a shadow or darkness on the whole photo – again rinsing of colours and facial features

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Photography Basics – Lighting: Good Exposure

Explanation Example Image My Images

Good exposure is having the perfect balance of colour, light exposure and shadow to which a photo appears crisp and portrays features and aspects in the photo apparent to its real life form. Perfect balance of light and shadow

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Photography Basics – Lighting: Diffusing/Diffusers

This is my diffuser – used to take pictures of small

objects, rather than outside or people as its an enclose cube-

like shape

Examples of different diffusers/ ways of diffusing

Holding a white paper over the flash

Putting bottle bottom over flash

Using white reflective umbrella's

Holding a white screen where the flash is

flashing

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Photography Basics – Lighting: Diffusing/Diffusers

Explanation Example Image My Images

Diffusers are basically used to make images appear softer from the direct flash light on a camera.Diffusers basically reflect light thus enforcing lighter light onto the picture taken – also producing a more natural and appealing image.

DIFFUSED BEFORE

DIFFUSED BEFORE

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Photography Basics – Deep Focus

Explanation Example Image My Images

Deep focus is a photographic and cinematic technique which uses a large depth of field allowing everything in a frame to be captured in detailed.

It appears sharp and clear

Poor focus of everything in

shot

Everything in shot is focused

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Photography Basics – Leading Lines

Explanation Example Image My Images

Leading lines are intentional or unintentional, natural lines created in the photograph used to create a visual composition.

Leading lines are also used to draw your eye to a focal point in the shot that you would like to highlight.

Normal shot of road

Photo with leading lines

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What is high key lighting?

• reduces the lighting ratio present in the scene• High key photos are very bright• Doesn’t have very strong contrasts

Lighting – High Key

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Lighting – High KeyExamples

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What is low key lighting?

• Creates dark looking photographs• Low-key lighting often uses only one key light,

optionally controlled with a fill light or a simple reflector

• Creates strong contrast• Low key lighting describes any scene with a high

lighting ratio,

Lighting – Low Key

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Lighting – Low KeyExamples

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Shutter speed – what is it?

• It’s the exposure time - the length of time a camera's shutter is open

• It is how quickly a shutter opens

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What is shallow focus?

• When the main object or person is in focus and the background is blurry

• Incorporates a small depth of field

Shallow focus

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Shallow focus

Examples

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Rule of thirds• It is the theory that an image should be imagined as divided

into nine equal parts by two equally-spaced horizontal lines and two equally-spaced vertical lines

• Also the idea that important compositional elements should be placed along these lines or their intersections

• Purpose is to make photographs look more pleasant to view

Composition – rule of thirds/powerpoints

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Powerpoints• Similar to rule of thirds• its the 4 axis points where the horizontal and

vertical lines join.• The theory is that objects positioned in the

powerpoints create the finest composition

Composition – rule of thirds/powerpoints

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Composition – rule of thirds/powerpoints

Examples

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Lighting - Fill

Fill lighting is used fill in any shady or dark areas by placing

Used to give a more clearer rounded photograph

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Lighting – Fill (Found Images)

•Fill lighting used to highlight and show all features and details in the image giving even and enough light for all to be seen

• Only one direct light on the persons face• Making the rest of the image dark and features cannot be seen

With Fill Lighting Without Fill Lighting

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Lighting – Fill (Found Images)

Without Fill Lighting With Fill Lighting

•Without the whole face is not visible

•With fill lighting features are visible and clear to see

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Shutter Speed – Fast & Slow

Shutter speed determines the clarity and effect of an image taken...

Slow Shutter speed•The longer the shutter is open the more it will take in •Producing a blurry image and an object or thing is in motion

Mid-Shutter Speed•The shutter is open for a shorter period of time •Being able to capture movement a bit more clearer

Fast Shutter Speed•The shutter is open for less an a split second•Capturing a clear image of an moving object or thing

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Shutter Speed – Fast & Slow (Found Image)

With slow shutter speed all you see is a blur as the shutter has taken in so much information

With fast shutter speed its more clear as the shutter has been open for a very short period of time taking less information

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Transferring Photos To Computer

Their are many ways to Transfer images to your computer, some of which are...

iCloud SD Card Social Media

Using iCloud an online storage service you can send

the image electronically

An SD card holding all your photos can be taken and

inserted into an SD slot on your computer/laptop

If the image is taken from your phone there are different options to send to your computer

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Composition – Changing Angle/Perspective

Changing angle is using different position and angles to give different views/perspective of an otherwise normal setting

This makes images more interesting and eye catching to the viewer

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Composition – Changing Angle/Perspective (Found Images)

This image taken from the ground up give the building more height and more eye

catching

This angle give the image more life and looks exciting and a rush

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Composition – Changing Angle/Perspective (My Image)

This image taken from above gives a more interesting view than what would have been if on the ground

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What does reflecting light mean?

• Reflection is defined as the bouncing back of a ray of light into the same medium, when it strikes a surface.

• It occurs on almost all surfaces - some reflect a major fraction of the incident light.

• Others reflect only a part of it, while absorb the rest.

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A found example

Without Reflector With Reflector

• There is a dark shadow on her neck caused by her chin.

• There is much more light on the neck now because its being reflected.

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A found example

Without Reflector With Reflector

• The colour of her top is much darker due to lack of light.• With a reflector the top becomes lighter.

• Dark shadow on her face and body caused by object from above blocking light.

• The light reflecting is filling the dark areas of the previous photo.

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How I used a home-made light reflector:

• I took a laminated piece of paper.

• I wrapped the paper in tinfoil.

• I then held the paper up next to the subject.

• The tinfoil reflected the light in the room onto the subject.

my example

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Reflector : my example - Before

• As there was no reflector used a shadow was created where the light from above couldn’t reach.

Without Reflector

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Reflector : my example - After

With Reflector• In order to reduce the

shadow on the side of the object I used a reflector to reflect the light on the side that was not hit directly by the light.

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• Type 1:

If the subject of your photo is notmoving, or you want to show thepassage of time (with a running riveror waterfall), then you can use aslower shutter speed.

Shutter speed- motion blur definition

• Type 2:When the subject in the photo ismoving it then becomes blurredand the background staysthe same.

The artefact by which fast-moving objects appear blurred. Each frame in a conventional film is an average sample taken over about half the time it takes to record the frame. In consequence, fast-moving images

appear blurred.

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A found example

• When the shutter speed increases you can almost see the pear in motion.

• The movement is made visible within a a still photograph.

• This is done through the blurring of the image.

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A found example

Fast Shutter Speed:

• Each water droplet is made visible to the human eye.

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Motion Blur - my example

Type 1:

• Because the person is in motion they have become so blurred out that they are hardly visible.

• The background is not as blurred because the camera is not moving along with the person.

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Type 2:When the camera follows the moving

person the background becomes blurred and they are much more visible.

Motion Blur - my example

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Slow Shutter Speed:

• With a slow shutter speed the camera is only able to capture a limited amount of movement thus reducing a blur in the image.

Motion Blur - my example

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• When the shutter speed time is decreased to 0.5 seconds the image becomes blurry as the camera is picking up every movement.

Fast Shutter Speed:

Motion Blur - my example

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Transferring Photos to computer

Examples:

Cables Bluetooth Email

Connecting a cable with your camera or device and your

computer.

Attaching a file from you ‘Photos’ folder when composing an email.

Once your Bluetooth is on you can click on the found

devices and send your images to the device.

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• Framing is using objects in the picture to create a frame around the subject.

• Good framing can also be controlled by how the camera captures the subject. E.g. zooming out too much creates awkward spacing and therefore poor framing.

• This is a good way to make a photograph look interesting and draw attention to the subject.

Composition – Framing definition

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A found example

Bad Framing • Far too much empty space makes the

picture appear awkward an not appealing to the eye.

• The head of this person has been cut off due to poor framing.

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A found example

Good Framing

• The people are in the centre of the frame which stops anything being cut off e.g. their heads or

arms.

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my example

Bad Framing

• Because the framing is so poor, the eye is unable to focus on anything in the scenery.

• This makes the photo unappealing to look at despite the setting.

• Empty and awkward spacing.

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my example

Good Framing

• The flowers are placed exactly in the centre of the frame.

• Because they are in the centre the photo is more attractive and appealing as this makes it easier for the eye to focus on the object.

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my example - Before

• Empty and awkward spacing.

• The edge of the picture is cut off.

• The poor framing doesn’t allow the eye to comfortably focus on the object.

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my example - After

• The picture is now in the centre of the frame allowing you to focus on it.

• There is no awkward space to take away focus.

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Person 1

Kaya

Person 2

Gledis

Person 3

Joanne

Person 4

Rahel

Opening & photo undo

Removing effect/revert

Changing exposure

Auto enhance

Crop

Rotate

Channing colour

Effects

Brushes (repair, red eye, saturate, desaturation)

Naming/tagging

Brushes (lighten, darken,

sharpen, soften)

Sharing

Who is doing each part of the Presentation…

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Basic Photo Editing – Opening Photo

When you open iPhoto you can pick ways you want to open your photo. This is a ‘Photos’ example where all pictures come up at once

Here you tap (or click) on the photo you want and

then the screen moves to the basic editing choices

This is an example of ‘Albums’

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Basic Photo Editing – Photo Undo & Remove Effect

PHOTO UNDOThis little arrow symbol undo’s any

mistakes or effects you want to take off your photo bringing it to its previous state – undoing one

effect at a time

REMOVING EFFECTWhen you put on an effect –

you simply tap the wheel icon and the red bar write ‘remove effect’

Doing this, the effect is removed putting the image back to its previous state

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Basic Photo Editing – Changing Exposure

To change exposure you tap on this symbol

Then here it shows the key from brightness to darkness – hold either the right or left semi-circle icon to alter the exposure

Here you can also increase shadow

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Basic Photo Editing – Changing Exposure

Having both semi-circle icons at each end of the line creates deep exposure on the picture

Having both semi-circle icons at the centre of the line creates over exposure on the picture

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Basic Photo Editing – Auto Enhance

Auto enhance enriches colour on your picture to the way the computer thinks it should be – making the picture more appealing Tapping on the wand icon automatically does this

To this

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Description / Purpose – Crop

1. To crop a photo you click on the crop icon

2. You then pinch the screen and push your fingers outwards to crop the image.

After

Before

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Description / Purpose – Rotate

• In order to rotate an image you push his icon with your finger in the direction you wish to rotate it.

• To rotate the image means to turn it in a certain direction.

• Either left or right.

• This is done through the rotate tool.

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Rotate – Before and after

My Examples:

Before

After

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Description / Purpose – Colour Change

• To change the colour of the image you push your finger along the icon to how much you which to alter the colour.

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Colour change – Before and after

My Examples:

Before After

• To achieve this colour I simply slid the ‘Saturation’ icon all the way to the end which intensified all the colours.

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Description / Purpose – effects

• In order to change the effects of the photo you touch the icon with the stars and it gives you different options for different effects.

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• When you click on the circular rainbow icon the different effects slide out in a row.

Description / Purpose – effects

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Changing the effectsMy Examples:

Before

After

• To change the effects on my photo I clicked on one of the available effects options and it altered the image.

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Changing the effectsMy Examples:

Before

After

• To change the effects on my photo I clicked on one of the available effects options and it altered the image.

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Brushes

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Brushes - Repair

The repair wand automatically fixes any defects in the photo from lighting to red eyes

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Brushes - Repair

By using Repair it will automatically find the defects in the image and fix them such as, lighting, red eye. Eliminating the task of you doing it yourself

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Brushes – Red Eye

The Red Eye brush allows you to fix red eye which come from the over exposure of light from the flash

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Brushes – Red Eye

This is the original unedited image with faults and visible red eye due to the amount of like exposure

This is after the Red Eye brush has totally removed any sign of Red Eye

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Brushes - Saturate

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Brushes - Saturate

Saturate give the image an orange tinge enabling you to highlight and contour an image

This is the original image unedited

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Brushes - Desaturation

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Brushes - Desaturation

This is the original image unedited Desaturation allows you to blur any defects or areas that you would wish to hide, over using it gives a blurry effect

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Naming/Tagging

This allows you to tag a photo with any name you with and this will place it into categories

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Naming/Tagging

Tagging allows you to put the photo into categories and in more than one

After tagging you can see the different categories which makes the images easier to find and share

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Brushes - Lighten

BEFORE AFTER

The lighten brush makes the picture look a lot more glowing and makes it more clearer to see

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Brushes - Darken

After pressing this darkening brush, the picture is a lot dimmer

BEFORE AFTER

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Brushes - Sharpen

BEFORE AFTER

The sharpen brush gives the picture a lot more definition as you can really see the texture of the chairs etc

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Brushes - Soften

The soften brush made the picture a lot more soft

BEFORE AFTER

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Sharing

When you have completed editing you can share your photo meaning that the photo will be shared on Twitter, Facebook etc

iMovie FacebookEmail

Twitter