aster_operation.ppt
TRANSCRIPT
ASTER Operation Scenario and Status
Y. Yamaguchi (Nagoya Univ., Japan) M. Fujita, T. Tachikawa, M. Kato,
H. Tsu( ERSDAC, Japan), M.J. Abrams, L. Maldonado (JPL, U.S.A.)
IGARSS 2011, July 28, 2011Vancouver, Canada
1. ASTER Characteristics
2. SWIR Cryocooler Problem
3. Operation Scenario and Status
(1) Global Mapping (GM)
(2) TIR Nighttime Global Mapping (TGM)
(3) Gap Filler
(4) Underserved Area STAR
4. Concluding Remarks
Contents
• Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer on NASA’s Terra (EOS AM-1) spacecraft
• ASTER instrument was provided by METI, Japan.
• Launched in December, 1999
MODIS
ASTER (TIR)ASTER (SWIR)ASTER (VNIR)
MISR
MOPITT
CERES
Instruments on Terra
ASTER Characteristics (1)
ASTER Characteristics (2)
• Wide Spectral Coverage 3 bands in VNIR (0.52 – 0.86 μm) 6 bands in SWIR (1.6 – 2.43 μm) 5 bands in TIR (8.125 – 11.65 μm)
• High Spatial Resolution 15m for VNIR bands 30m for SWIR bands 90m for TIR bands
• Along-Track Stereo Capability B/H 0.6 DEM Elevation accuracy: 15m (3σ) DEM Geolocation accuracy: 50m (3σ) ASTER Global DEM (GDEM)
NadirBackward
Multiband Observation of Mt.Etna
6km
ASTER VNIR RGB : 3,2,1
ASTER SWIR RGB : 9,5,4
ASTER TIR Band 13
Snow (high albedo)
Fumarole
Lava (high temp.) Lava (high temp.)
Snow (low temp.)
Lava (low albedo)
Snow (low albedo)
Imaged on May 7, 2000
SWIR Cryocooler Problem
SWIR Temperature (2004-2008)
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
K 317K317K• The SWIR detector temperature had been
kept at 77 K by the cryocooler.
• The detector temperature started rising
in 2004 due to the cryocooler malfunction,
and exceeded 90 K in May 2008.
• Partial saturation in SWIR image data
occurred in 2007, and no usable SWIR
data has been acquired since May 2008.
Totally saturated SWIR image (band 4 and 5) acquired at 94 K
Partially saturated SWIR image (band 9) acquired at 86.9 K
SWIR Image Saturation
Observation Mode
Subsystem Data Rate(Mbps)VNIR
SWIR
TIR
Daytime
Full Mode 89.2
VNIR Mode -- -- 62.0
TIR Mode -- -- 4.1
Nighttime S + T Mode -- 27.2
ASTER Observation Modes
Operational Unavailable
Operation Scenario and Status
Total ASTER Scenes : 2,014,401
As of June 1, 2011■Observed □ Never Observed
ASTER Daytime VNIR Scenes
ASTER Nighttime TIR Scenes
Data Acquisition Requests
Data Acquisition Request (DAR)
Local Observations by Individual Users
Science Team Acquisition Request (STAR)• Regional Monitoring, Urgent Observation
(vegetation, volcanoes, glaciers, cities)• Global Mapping (GM)• TIR Nighttime Global Mapping (TGM)• Gap Filler• Underserved Area STAR
Operation Scenario and Status
(1) Global Mapping (GM)
• Daytime Full Mode Observation• High Sun Angle• Optimum Gain for Local Land Surface• No More Than 20 % Cloud Cover• Minimum Snow and Ice Cover
Global Mapping (GM-3)
□GM3H : Area 67,688,813 km2
□GM3M : Area 64,472,470 km2
□GM3L : Area 47,787,553 km2
Life Time: 2006/03/27-2010/04/01
Observation ConditionCloud < 20 %, Day, Full Mode,Sun Angle: 40-90°
Global Mapping
Lifetime Target AreasObservation Parameters
GM-1Dec. 2000 to
Mar. 2006
All land + coastal areas(High, medium, low
priority areas)
Depend on the priority, surface type, season, latitude, etc.
GM-2Aug. 2003 to
Mar. 2006
Selected areas(GM-1 high priority
areas only)
Similar to GM-1, but relaxed the sun
elevation condition
GM-3Mar. 2006 to
Oct. 2009
All land + coastal areas(High, medium, low priority areas, GM-1 high priority areas
extended)
Same as GM-2
GM-4Oct. 2009 to Apr. 2015
Same as GM-3 Same as GM-2
GM Daily Observation Scenes
As of Nov. 24th,2010
63,25363,253
10,73010,730
54,86854,868
13,06713,067
93,06393,063
GM1GM12000-10-05 to 2006-03-292000-10-05 to 2006-03-29
GM2GM22003-08-30 to 2006-03-292003-08-30 to 2006-03-29
GM3GM32006-3-30 to 2009-09-302006-3-30 to 2009-09-30
84,83084,830
76,23076,230
GM4GM42009-10-1 to 2015-4-12009-10-1 to 2015-4-1
Operation Scenario and Status
(2) TIR Nighttime Global Mapping (TGM)
TIR Nighttime Global Mapping (TGM)
□□AOI of TGM1, Life Time: 2004/12/01 – 2006/08/31AOI of TGM1, Life Time: 2004/12/01 – 2006/08/31□□AOI of TGM2-1, Life Time: 2006/04/01 – 2010/04/01AOI of TGM2-1, Life Time: 2006/04/01 – 2010/04/01□□AOI of TGM2-2, Life Time: 2007/04/01 – 2010/03/31AOI of TGM2-2, Life Time: 2007/04/01 – 2010/03/31□□AOI of TGM2-3, Life Time: 2008/01/10 – 2009/04/01AOI of TGM2-3, Life Time: 2008/01/10 – 2009/04/01□□AOI of TGM2-4, Life Time: 2008/04/11 – 2009/04/01AOI of TGM2-4, Life Time: 2008/04/11 – 2009/04/01
Observation ConditionAvoidCloud : NO, Night, TIR only Mode
■■TGM3 70.3 %TGM3 70.3 %■■TGM4 17.3 %TGM4 17.3 %
Achievement ■ ■ < 20 %< 20 % ■ ■ 50 to 50 to 80 %80 % ■ ■ 20 to 50 %20 to 50 % ■ ■ >> 80 % 80 %
TIR Nighttime Global Mapping (TGM-3, 4)
Operation Scenario and Status
(3) Gap Filler For the areas where cloud-free ASTER imagery has never been acquired. We identify the target areas and submit STAR every half a year.
Observed Scenes of Gap Filler 2011
2323
Observation ConditionAvoid Cloud : 10 %, Day, Full Mode, Sun Angle:20-90 °
■ ■ 8 s8 scenes with Cloud Coverage < 10 %cenes with Cloud Coverage < 10 % ■ ■ 140 o140 observed Scenes bserved Scenes ■■AOI of Under-served Area STARAOI of Under-served Area STARLife Time: 2011/05/01 – 2011/12/01
As of June 1st,2011
Operation Scenario and Status
(4) Underserved Area STAR For the areas where 3 times or less cloud-free ASTER imagery has been acquired. The target areas were identified in the GDEMprocessing.
Underserved Area STAR
Observation ConditionCloud < 20 %, Day, Full Mode,Sun Angle : 40-90°or 20-90°
□Underserved Area : 21,609,180 km2
UA2008UA2008 : : Life Time:2008/12/27-2010/03/11UA2010UA2010 : : Life Time:2010/03/03-2015/01/01
Achievement of Underserved Area STAR 2010
Achievement ■ ■ < 20 %< 20 % ■ ■ 50 to 80 %50 to 80 % ■ ■ 20 to 50 %20 to 50 % ■ ■ >> 80 % 80 %
Observation ConditionCloud < 20 %, Day, Full Mode,Sun Angle : 40-90° or 20-90°
75.6% as of June 1st,2011
Acquired Scenes of Different Data Acquisition Categories
Concluding Remarks
The ASTER instrument has obtained more than 2 million scenes since January 2000.
ASTER operation scenario is carefully designed to maximize data acquisition.
No usable SWIR image data has been acquired since May 2008 due to the SWIR cryocooler malfunction.
To get ASTER Data http://www. ersdac.or.jp/ https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/
ASTER Homepage http://www.ersdac.or.jp/ http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/
Thank you for your attention.