ata manobo

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Ethnomedical documentation of and community health education for selected

Philippine ethnolinguistics groups: the Ata-Manobo people of Talaingod, Davao

Province, Philippines

A collaborative project of

Philippine nstitute of Traditional and Alternative !ealth "are, Department of !ealth,

#ta "ru$, Manila

%niversity of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila

%niversity of the Philippines Mindanao, &ago 'shiro, Davao "ity

()))


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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

*e +ould lie to etend our heartfelt gratitude to the follo+ing people +hom in their

o+n little +ay help in the completion of this study:

.oremost to all, to the great men and +omen of Talaingod - the Ata-Manobo

people - +ho unselfishly shared their no+ledge and epertise regarding the

use of medicinal plants/

To the employees and staff of the A0#'1 company for the encouragement

and free transportation service/ and

To the Planning and Development 'ffice staff of the %niversity of the

Philippines Mindanao2


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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page

Eecutive summary (

'bjectives 3

ntroduction 4

Methodology 56esults and discussion 7

6ecommendations 48

6eferences 49

Appendices 4


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

An ethnopharmacological study of the Ata-Manobo people in the municipality of

Talaingod in Davao Province +as conducted in ;une


5/74

INTRODUCTION

n the Philippines, there are more than


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OBJECTIVES

This research study aimed:

To document the materia medica used by Ata-Manobos, including both plant andanimal products/

To document non-material healing practices/

To conduct health education campaign for the Ata-Manobos/ and

To conduct advocacy +or for the preservation and conservation of rich

biodiversity2


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METHODOLOGY

The researcher personally did all the necessary preparations by +oring harmoniously

+ith the local government of Talaingod2 Essential papers and documents from the

mayor>s office +ere secured2 t +as the municipal administrator +ho recommended#itio Misulong as the first study site for several reasons: its accessibility to

transportation, its reputation to be a non-violent sitioand absence of armed groups2

!onorable Aleander #ibogan, a municipal councilor and his family heartily

+elcomed the field +orer to their home2 nitially, the field +orer merely observed

the +ays of the sitio fols, having conversation +ith the leaders and engaging in

nightly drins (toma)2 After several months, other sites +ere visited, namely, #itio

Melyong, #itio "abadiangan and #itio ?aila+an2 These areas +ere part of the

ntegrated .orest Management Area @.MA of the A0#'1 "ompany2 *ith the help

of the community organi$ers of the logging firm, the researcher had no problem

convincing the people on the intent of the project2

The major informants +ere selected based on their reputation of active practice of

traditional healing arts in the community2 t +as also observed that the traditional

healers or baylanne+ only one or t+o of the herbal plants they commonly used2

Most baylansused the blood of chicen or pig to cure common ailments along +ith

some incantation and indigenous rituals2 Elders, mothers and family health providers

+ere also considered as informants2 #ubstantial information +as gathered through

informal intervie+s and conversation using pre-tested =uestionnaires2 nformal

gatherings in the store and drining sessions +ere also venues for data gathering2

!ouse to house visit +as also an effective +ay of data gathering as the +hole family

engaged in the discussion2 .ocus group discussion @.BD of 9 to


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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

'6B1 A1D DEM'B6AP!

Principally the inhabitants of Talaingod belong to the negrito groups +hich includethe Aetas of ambales and the Atis of Panay2 They are the most +idely spread people

in Asia2 n the island of Mindanao, the Ata people are concentrated in the hinterlands

of Davao Province/ in the to+ns of ?apalong, Asuncion and Talaingod2 Bloria @


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the Ata-Manobos2 Even over rugged terrain and intensely hot path+ays, the Ata-

Manobos can tolerate the pain and scorching heat2

A sitio leader or the datu has a special +ardrobe created for him called the

kombinasyonfor the upper garments andpatadyongfor the lo+er garments2 &oth are

made of conventional fabrics +ith cut cloth patterns and beads as design2 Thepatadyong is just nee-level, and has multi-colored patterns of small cuttings of

cloths2 They +ear a headdress called tangkulo2 t has a design and pattern just lie

the kombinasyon and patadyongbut it has horsehair around for aesthetic reasons2

&eads around the +rist and legs are a common sight for men and +omen alie2 They

consider donning beads for beautification and as attraction to the opposite se2 n

+omen sungol,a chain of beads clinging to both ears for beautification, are still

common among elders2

Men and +omen alie +ear tattoos termed aspangatab2 Tattooing has been practices

over the years using nives as tattooing tools and tree resin as color2 Thispangatab

has a dual purpose/ first as an art and to loo gorgeous to the opposite se/ second itsymboli$es their being Ata-Manobo2 According to them, an Ata-Manobo should have

a pangatabon their flesh as an entry passage to heaven at the time of their death2

Tribefols +ithout apangatabare not considered members of the tribe2 ntricately

designed tribal tattoo is commonly +orn around the arms, +aist, bust and the legs2

*'60D GE*

Tale of !ea"#o$

n the beginning there +as only a vast body of +ater covering the entire span of the

earth2 Then the great Manama commanded the giant bird alimokonto gather soil and

scatter it in the sea2 A giant earth+orm carved the soil into different landforms -

mountain ranges, the islands, and the various continents2 .lora and fauna follo+ed to

flourish2 This is the Ata-Manobo tale of ho+ the earth +as created2

#tories have been told that the first Ata +as created by Manama @Bod of the Ata from

the blade of a grass2 They mentioned the names Tulalang, Age+, &aybayan,

Dini+ata, ?ala+ay and #anggayan as their original forefathers and the beginning of

their race2 These people +ere the chosen ones +hom the Breat 'ne saved during the

time of the great flood hundred of years ago, just lie the story of 1oah2 After thegreat flood a ne+ generation of Ata flourished and lived in the ne+ +orld, the +orld

they live in today2

They have their o+n deities, +hich they +orship in different occasions and times of

need2 During the beginning of the planting season, they give a present to ?alayag, the

god of harvest, to have a productive harvest2 Alimogat is the god of +ater, +ho

provides them +ith potable drining +ater and irrigation +ater in the farm2 !e is also

responsible for floods and heavy rains2 Every hunting season, a hunter has to please

the god of animals Timbalong to earn a price catch of various animals2 #trong +inds

and storms are attributed to ?alamag, the god of +ind2


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Af"e!l#fe

n the course of my =ueries regarding their beliefs of afterlife, they believe that once a

person dies the soul could go either to heaven or to hell depending on one>s earthly

behavior2 !eaven for them is a place +herein all necessary needs is just +ithin reach

of the palm, a place for the dead family members to reunite eternally, everyone istreated e=ually and is a place of eternal happiness2 'n the other hand, hell for them is

a place of misery, pain and suffering, a place +here bad persons +ill eventually go

after leaving this +orld2

E"'1'M"#

There is not much livelihood and money-generating +or in this side of place2 Abaca

@hemp gathering (hag-ot) is the basic source of income in the communities of

?aila+an, Melyong and "abadiangan2 This is the easiest +ay of maing a living for

them2 They do not need to tend the abaca to gro+ because it abundantly thrives in thefertile forest soil2 People in #itio Misulong are engaged in small enterprises and tend

small sarisari stores2 They are also the ones +ho maret the abaca fiber in the

neighboring communities2 To augment the meager income from abaca fiber they

resort to planting corn and vegetables +hich normally produces less than the epected

output due to infestation by rats and insects in the field2

They still roam the forest and hunt for food using primitive tools lie the bo+ and

arro+2 .or a day>s effort, seldom do they bring a catch of +ild pig (baboy halas)or

other animals that +ere abundantly present in the area many years bac2 Bone are the

days of bountiful fruits and animals +aiting to be served bet+een meals as they recall

in the past years2 0ie+ise, fresh +ater products lie fishes and shells are no+

limited in the rivers and laes2

The presence of the logging firm A0#'1 created a venue for employment and

additional income for the natives2 t is the strategy of the company to hire natives as

laborers and guides2 They +or to plant tree seedlings, clean the area, and cut +eeds2

The company also provides livestoc and seeds for planting2 #till, earnings are not

enough to feed a family2

The Ata-Manobos have limited or negligible handicraft products for trade2 They

no+ ho+ to +eave baset (liyang)used for domestic purposes/ for gathering +oodsand harvesting2 A liyang costs 5)2)) to 7)2)) pesos each2 They are not good at

maing sculptures and other tribal art +ors either2

P'0T"A0

Each of thesitiosin Talaingod has its o+n designated leader called datu. According

to the datus,they serve as mediator and problem solver in their respective bul+ars2

0ess serious problems lie stealing and bra+l to more serious offenses lie murder,

bigamy and concubinage are the most common problems being handled by the datus.

The penalty depends on the degree of the offense2 n resolving problems, the datu


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and his circle of counselors conduct a meeting +ith the parties concerned2 The datu

tries to settle the conflict in a most diplomatic +ay giving both sides a chance to give

its o+n story2 !aving heard both sides, the datu+ith the help of his councilors give

the decision +hich is final and irrevocable2

A +oman cannot become a datu/ the designation of becoming a datuis a role given tomen only2 According to the datus,+omen have no guts and are +ea in resolving

problems especially complicated ones2 They have the tendency to be overruled by

their emotions in maing decisions2 n the past, the title of datu+as passed from

father to son2 1o+ a person can be a datu through a formal election procedure2 The

+hole constituents can elect their o+n datu,a leader +ho can spea in behalf of the

majority and resolve problems diligently2

1#%6BE1"

nsurgency has been a +ell-entrenched problem in Talaingod2 The mayor ofTalaingod Datu ;ose &alimba 0ibayao has publicly declared a total +ar against anti-

government forces in his area2 The place is +itness to countless encounters bet+een

government troops and rebel armies2 There +as a time +hen communities +ere

evacuated due to armed clashes2 Affected families built their temporary houses near

the municipal hall2

1atives can be easily convinced to join anti-government movement +here it involves

guns and ammunition2 At a very tender age, the natives are convinced to join the

rebel groups since they lie to hold a pistol or a grenade2 The incident involving the

ambush of the A0#'1# employees is said to be done by rebel symphati$ers2 %p to

this date the tension still holds and recently, a bulldo$er +as burned2

#'"A0 "'1.0"T#

Pangayao,a +ord easily associated +ith Talaingod, is described in literature as atribal

+ar/ a total +ar against each other/ against anybody, +ithout mercy to anyone2

According to the natives, they did not no+ +hen and ho+ it started, yet its nature is

similar topangayamor the act of hunting2 During the hunting era, they looed for

animals to hunt using bo+ and arro+2 ;ust lie inpangayao,a person hunts and ills

another person using bolo and bo+ and arro+2 t is a misconception to many that+henever pangayao occurs, the person could ill anyone and respects nobody2

According to them, pangayaohappens +hen there is an unsettled problem bet+een

t+o parties2 More serious offenses lie murder and rape could lead to a pangayaoif

not properly resolved2 As an act to avenge the death of a family member, the +hole

clan hunts for the suspected assailants2 1o+ they use guns and ammunition in

eeping +ith the times2 These misdeeds are outside forces that contribute to the

economic struggle of Talaingod2


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SOCIO%CULTURAL

MA66ABE 6E0AT'1#!P

n this land bound by traditions and ancient customs, it is difficult for the people to

change their +ays2 0ie in a contemporary society, it is a familiar set-up to observethe male as the head of the family2 There is a +ide gap bet+een the responsibilities

and duties of a male and a female2 .emales do all the household chores - cooing,

+ashing of clothes, cleaning the house and taing care of the children2 n addition,

they do the harvesting, gathering of fire+ood, +eeding of crops and +oring outside

the community to earn money2

As the head of the family, it is the responsibility of the male to see to it that the family

has food to eat, a shelter to d+ell in and to supervise the epenses of the family2 They

do the hunting for food, build shelter and +or to earn money2 There are some

instances +here the females do all the house chores and still act as bread+inner2 This

holds true +hen the male has given a big do+ry to the female during the +edding2This is the +ay of paying bac +hat the male has given2

*EDD1B

Tribal marriage is called lapao. 1o courtship occurs bet+een the men and +omen2

Marriages are arranged2 t is up to both set of parents to discuss the marriage

preparations and the do+ry or bugay. 1either the man nor the +oman no+s about

the arrangements2 &oth concerned parties have no po+er or right to bac out or even

persuade their parents to call off the +edding2

As both sets of parents agree to match their children in matrimony, a do+ry is defined

to meet the terms of the +edding2 A common do+ry ased by the bride>s parents is a

pair of horses2 !orses are considered a symbol of status in the community2 Money

and valuable things can also serve as do+ry2 *hen all the conditions for the marriage

are met by both sets of parents, the date is set for the +edding, usually during full

moon2 t is their belief that during this time their Bod gives the couple a bountiful and

happy married life2

DG'6"E

A tribesman can have additional +ives but only +ith the consent of the first +ife2

!aving an additional +ife is termed as duway. A tribesman +ith multiple spouses is

given has high regard in the community because of his ability to attract +omen and to

handle additional responsibility2 *ith the consent of the first +ife, a tribesman can

no+ propose to the parents of the supposed to-be second +ife2 The parents as a set

of do+ry or bugay. As this do+ry is met, the marriage taes place2 n case of non-

approval by the first +ife, the husband cannot marry another +oman but it is very

uncommon to overrule the decision of the husband2 The burden on this practice is the

additional responsibility of the male to feed more people2 Despite the hardship and

poverty taing a toll among the natives, many can manage to have multiple +ives2


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*hen the +ife becomes a +ido+, she can remarry in her free +ill2 t is allo+ed in

their culture for a +ido+ to remarry, balo-balo in the local dialect2 n balo-balojust

lie in common marriage, the +ido+ and her parents-in la+ set the do+ry2 *ith this,

the concerned tribesman +ho +ants to marry the +ido+ +ill have to give t+o sets of

do+ries, ie, to the +ido+ and to her parents-in la+2 The do+ry given to the parents-in

la+ serves as a return payment of the do+ry given by their dead son2 This maes theact of marrying a +ido+ costly2 et many men prefer to marry a baloor +ido+ for

they believe and consider a balo a good and tested +ife2 !aving eperienced

marriage life, a balocan tae care of her husband and children +ell2 n addition, a

balodoes the odd +ors @eg, gathering fire+ood, building houses, gathering abaca as

echange for the do+ry given by the husband2 #ome young fols joingly prefer a

baloto a young teen-aged girl as a +ife, for a balohas had eperience in se and

no+s ho+ to handle se life2

ED%"AT'1

0ac of education is one of the serious problems being encountered by the lumadsin

Talaingod2 Majority of the population 3) years of age and over have no formal

education2 During the first visit in the area, the barangay captain Datu 0inasod

#ibogan, 7)H years old, had to see the assistance of his son "ouncilor Ale #ibogan

to read the mayor>s permit2 Any formal letter sent to them could be used as trash2

#ome small-scale businessmen and investors tae advantage of their illiteracy2

n


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A fe+ ilometers a+ay from the to+n proper of ;&0 is the first site of the study -

%pper and 0o+er Misulong2 At first glance, one can notice a different ambiance and

setting compared to othersitios. t has a set of sarisaristores that sell instant food

and other home products2 At night instead of candles and gas lamps, some families

use electric bulbs2 This is made possible by a po+er generator, +hich runs from 7:))

pm to :)) pm2 n addition, television has become a favorite past time for childrenand +omen2 .or men there is the very popular videoe +ith a bottle of beer or li=uor

on the side2

#itio Misulong is a specialsitio+aiting for a plebiscite to confer to it the status of a

full-fledged barangay. t has a primary school +ith three female teachers, all non-

Ata-Manobos2 There are approimately () - 3) pupils per class2 #ome pupils coming

from neighboring sitios have to +al a fe+ ilometers to attend classes2 #itio

Misulong has its o+n +ater reservoir +hich +as built +ith the help of various

agencies lie the ?apalong "ooperative Development .oundation ncorporated

@?"D., A0#'1, Davao Medical #chool .oundation @DM#., and the local

government2

#itio "abadiangan is about


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"0MATE A1D 6A1.A00

There are t+o climate types prevalent in the municipality, the second type and third

type2 #econd type is characteri$ed by no dry season +ith only pronounced maimum

rain period from 1ovember-;anuary2 The third type is characteri$ed by dry season,

not very pronounced and relatively dry from 1ovember to April and +et during therest of the year @Provincial Planning 'ffice, Davao Province2

T'P'B6AP!

The area is mountainous and rugged2 According to the Municipal Planning 'ffice,

mountains steep hills comprise of 48F of the land area2 The rest are classified as

level, gently sloping, rolling, or hilly2

MATERIAL CULTURE

#ETT0EME1T PATTE61

Ata-Manobos +ere basically hunters +andering in the lush forest for food and

settlement2 After having settled in one place consuming all possible food in the forest,

they transferred to another place to loo for food2 *ith the degradation of their land

and the depletion of food source, they have no+ limited source of their sustenance2

*ith the limited forestland left to roam and for hunting they engaged in trade and

s+idden farming2 1o+ they settle more or less permanently in one place2 Their

typical houses are lean-tos to deter +ild animals from attacing2 They live in cogon-

thatched houses made of tree branches and bamboo slat2 Abaca fibers and rattan

stems serve as nails and hold the +alls together2 There is no division inside the house,

they eat and sleep in one place2 Also the itchen is inside to provide them proper heat

during cold season2 A pair of gallons for storing +ater, itchen utensils lie spoons,

cups, plates, and pots are al+ays present in every household2

n #itio Misulong lo+land type of houses may be seen2 The house of ?aga+ad

Aleander #ibogan has the design and influence of the lo+land2 "oncrete +alls and

iron roofs represent high status, po+er, and +ealth2

TP"A0 .''D

;ust lie in the lo+land, money still dictates the daily food consumption of every

family2 #ome families have the luury to eat rice, canned goods and other

commercial products +hile majority of the families rely mainly on their farm crops2

t is a common scenario to see boiled camote,cassava and banana in the table during

mealtime2 They consider these root crops as a staple food2 *ith the diminishing

source of food, the natives are no+ engaged in planting and contour farming2

Gegetables lie tomato, s=uash, and eggplants are planted in the farm, but this is not

enough for domestic consumption2 Many children are malnourished2 The former


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Ata-Manobo hunter roaming and +andering for food eventually shifted to agriculture

just to survive2

CONCEPT OF HEALTH AND ILLNESS

A healthy person for them has a fat body, is able to +or and has no ailment2 'n the

contrary sicly persons are thin, have no appetite to eat, al+ays feel tired +hen

+oring and are prone to diseases2 As observed they sho+ less attention to common

illnesses lie cough, colds, +ounds and rashes2 Many children (-8 years of age

develop rashes all over the body2 #eldom do they administer medicinal plants for

these common illnesses2 The use of these medicinal plants according to them re=uires

tedious preparation that they sometimes do not have time2 They mostly rely on

commercial medicines readily given by the local government and A0#'12

According to the elders, bi$arre and complicated illnesses afflicting a person lie a

sudden abdominal pain, rolling of eyeball, vomiting of blood and instant feeling ofhotness are some of the signs that the person is being cursed by evil spirits called

busaw2 A busawusually lives in a balite or other big trees2 The busawdra+s an

arro+ that passes through the body of the person causing severe pain2 At this

instance, the help of a baylanis sought2 The baylanuses chicen or pig blood as an

offering to the offended spirits2 Along side are some prayers and rituals2 Today the

influence of a baylanhas gradually diminished because of the teaching of religious

missionaries2 Missionaries try to inculcate in the minds of the people that paganistic

practices of the baylanare against the teachings of "hristianity2

'ther causes of diseases include the unsanitary and untreated drining +ater coming

from natural springs2 This has caused severe diarrhea and stomachache observed to

be common among children2 &oiling of +ater is not a common practice2 n addition,

intestinal infestation is rampant in children2 This is mainly due to unsanitary habits

lie not +ashing the hands before eating and +aling barefoot2

Men and +omen alie smoe tobacco +rapped in ne+spaper prints2 At the early age

of


17/74

correct the position or alignment of the fetus for a smooth delivery2 A basin of

lue+arm +ater is used to bathe the baby2 To cut the umbilical cord, bamboo or a pair

of scissors is used2 The placenta is buried in the ground belo+ the house2 They

believe that by doing this, the ne+born child +ill not be a sto+-a+ay and such +ill

prevent the evil spirit from eating the placenta +hich can cause death to the child2

The baby then taes his first bath using alburyabelieved to give the baby a healthybody2 The mother +ill have to rest for a +hile/ ho+ever, this is not compulsory2

#ome mothers confide that the vigor of +omen differs/ +hile it taes only a fe+ hours

rest for some +omen others could rest for a day or t+o2 t is a practice for them to

mae a concoction of plants to lessen post-delivery stress and continuous bleeding2 A

drop or t+o of breast mil applied on the baby>s stomach +ill lessen air accumulation

inside the stomach, locally termed as butod.

MAKING OF THE BAYLAN

A baylan refers to the traditional medicine man of the tribe2 Aside from being amedicinel man, a baylan is also a spiritual healer, and a soothsayer and is given a high

regard in the community2 To become a baylanneeds no restrictions in age, se, social

status and educational attainment2 'ne important common factor associated in

becoming a baylanis the spiritual guide they call an abyan. An abyanis an imaginary

being +ho guides and protects the man +ho o+ns the abyan. To the natives an abyan

possesses magical and +ondrous po+er2 At any moment and unepected time, an

abyanjust appears to a certain person, +ho serves as his medium2 #ome baylanshad

encountered their abyanthrough a dream2 The person or medium undergoes a period

of trance +herein heCshe eperiences hallucination for some moment, then the

medium speas a voice not hisCher o+n but that of the abyans2 A person +ith an

abyanhas the ability to see spirits of dead people2 The baylansduty is to intercede

for the sic2 !eC#he performs rituals and says prayers to appease the offended spirits2

t is their belief that ailments and diseases are brought by bad spirits2 The baylancan

also foresee future events2


18/74

TABLE OF PLANTS USED

#cientific name:

0ocal name@s:Abaca@Ata, "ebuano

ndication Plant part@sused

Preparation Direction for useand remars

#ource ofinformation

*ounds 0eaves Pound to etract

juice2

Apply juice on

affected area2

( individual

intervie+s

To enhance

mil production

Plantlets Pull out +hole

plantlets2 #tab

trun to collect

juice2

Drin juice t+ice

daily for ( +ees

in a ro+ after

giving birth2

< individual

intervie+

Post partum

relapse

6oots #crape roots

into small

pieces2 &oil in (

glasses of +ater2

Drin decoction

once daily2

< .BD of 3

rregular

menstruation

6oots *ash roots

thoroughly2

"he+ and

s+allo+ the

juice2 "ontinue

taing the juice

until menstrual

flo+ returns to

normal2

#cientific name:0ocal name@s:Alagase@Ata

ndication Plant part@s

used

Preparation Direction for use

and remars

#ource of

information

Gomiting +ith

blood

6oots *ash roots

thoroughly2 &oil

roots in 3

glasses of +ater2

Drin decoction

once a day until

vomiting stops2

< individual

intervie+

#cientific name:0ocal name@s:Alburya@"ebuano


used


and remars

#ource of

information

To increase

baby>s gro+th

&ar Pound bar2

Place bar in a

pail of +ater2

%se miture for

bathing the baby2

< individual

intervie+

#cientific name:

0ocal name@s:Aliliga@Ata


19/74


used


and remars

#ource of

information

*ounds 0eaves Pound to etract

juice2

Apply juice on

affected area2

< .BD of 3

#cientific name:

0ocal name@s:Alom@Ata


used


and remars

#ource of

information

!eadache 7-8 leaves !eat leaves

over lo+ heat2

Apply around the

forehead2

< individual

intervie+

#ore eyes &ar "lean bar2

#crape bar into

pulp2 #=uee$e

to etract juice2

Drop juice t+ice

daily2

< .BD of 3

#cientific name:

0ocal name@s:Anitap@Ata


used


and remars

#ource of

information

Post-partum

relapse

&ar "ut bar into

pieces2 &oil thebar in < cup of

+ater2

Drin decoction

once daily2

< individual

intervie+

#cientific name:

0ocal name@s:Anonang@Ata


used


and remars

#ource of

information

rregular

menstruation

&ar *ash bar

thoroughly2 &oilin ample

amount of

+ater2

Drin decoction

once daily untilmenstrual flo+ is

bac to normal2

< .BD of 7

#cientific name:

0ocal name@s:Anotong@Ata


20/74


used


and remars

#ource of

information

Malaria 0eaves Place leaves

over fire until it

smoed2

Place self in front

the smoe if

possible trapsmoe +ith the

use of cloth2

During the

collection

proper

ipdas #hoots Pound all plant

parts and mi

them together in

a pale of +ater2

%se these in

taing a bath2

3 individual

intervie+s

#cientific name:

0ocal name@s:Balunigay@Ata


used


and remars

#ource of

information

Gomiting +ith

blood

6oots Place roots over

fire until it turns

to po+der2

"ollect po+der2

Apply po+der

around the nec

of the patient2

< .BD of 3

#cientific name:

0ocal name@s:Balao-balao@Ata


used


and remars

#ource of

information

"ough &ar &oil a handful

of bar in (

cups of +ater2

Drin decoction

three times a day2

< .BD of 5

#cientific name:

0ocal name@s:Banag@Ata


used

Preparation Direction for

use and

remars

#ource of

information

Post-partum

relapse

#tem *ash roots and

stem

thoroughly2

&oil in ( cups

of +ater2

Drin decoction

< to ( days after

giving birth2

During the

collection

proper

#cientific name:

0ocal name@s:Balangati@Ata


21/74


used


and remars

#ource of

information

#nae bite 6oots *ash roots

thoroughly2

"he+ the roots,but avoid

s+allo+ing the

juice2

Apply on bitten

area2

3 individual

intervie+s

.racture #tem Bather dead

plant stem2 "ut

it into pieces2

!eat over fire

until it turns to

po+der2

Apply po+der on

affected area2

#cientific name:

0ocal name@s:Bukawi@Ata


used


and remars

#ource of

information

#tomach ache Gine "ut across the

vine to obtain

juice2 "ollect

half to

ata manobo

Documents