atlas upgrade r&d and plans

June 11, 2009 The SLAC ATLAS Program: Upgrade R&D

ATLAS Upgrade R&D and Plans

Su Dong

DOE proton review: SLAC ATLAS program Washington DC

June 11, 2009 The SLAC ATLAS Program: Upgrade R&D Page 1

June 11, 2009 The SLAC ATLAS Program: Upgrade R&D June 11, 2009 The SLAC ATLAS Program: Upgrade R&D Page 2

LHC Luminosity Upgrade Road Map

Peak Luminosity

2009

2009

Phase 1

Phase 1

2015

2015

Phase 2

Phase 2

2020

2020

Integrated Luminosity

3x1034

1x1035

700 fb-1

5 ab-1


Perspective on superLHC Upgrade

* superLHC may be an inevitable path for HEP:– Early discoveries would imply the effective extra energy reach

at high lumi could uncover additional new particles. – If early phase of LHC not revealing new physics, it would be

hard to argue for other new facilities. The effective additional energy reach of sLHC will be of central focus.

* The upgrade activities at SLAC will be a key addition to better utilize the SLAC resources and expertise to complement current ATLAS efforts, as an integral buildup of the energy frontier effort.

* sLHC detector design has unprecedented challenges: – Intense radiation: ~2x1016 particles/cm2 (10yr@1035) at R=4cm– Dramatic pileup background: ~400 interactions/crossing

Need long lead time for R&D and construction.


SLAC Tracking Upgrade Activities

* Phase 1: Pixel Insertable B-Layer (IBL) project* Phase 2 (but some may become phase 1):

– Pixel upgrade 3D sensors– Tracking upgrade mechanical designs– Pixel upgrade data transmission and stave electrical design– Silicon strip detector barrel stave electrical design– Tracking upgrade test stand and DAQ

Leverage on past silicon experience from SLD (pixel), MK-II, GLAST,

while explore synergy with future silicon detector design of SiD for ILC.

Scientific staff: Mark Convery, Matt Graham, Philippe Grenier, Per Hansson, Jasmine Hasi, Paul Jackson, Chris Kenney, Peter Kim, Martin Kocian, David MacFarlane, Rich Partridge, Su Dong, Bill Wisniewski, Charles Young

Technical staff: Karl Bouldin, Jim McDonald, David Nelson, Marco Oriunno, Matthias Wittgen


Collaborative Effort on Upgrade

* Close collaboration between LBNL, SLAC, Santa Cruz has supplied a strong force in the global ATLAS tracking upgrade. Coordinated activities:– Regular ~monthly meeting at SLAC – Several upgrade workshops hosted at the 3 institutions– Collective input for global ATLAS upgrade events

* Global ATLAS Connections– Regular contributor to IBL working group meetings– Many presentations at various ATLAS upgrade

workshops – ATLAS task force participation

• Pixel b-layer replacement task force 2008 (Su Dong)• ATLAS tracker upgrade layout task force 2009 (Charles

Young)


Pixel Insertable B-Layer (IBL)

* Before superLHC, pixel b-layer is expected to reach its radiation dose limit by ~300fb-1

(equivalent to 2 years @1x1034). * Cannot do simple b-layer replacement with <9

months shutdown. Plan is to insert a new b-layer inside present detector during the shutdown for phase-1 (2015).

* SLAC activities:– Main contributor on inner service design studies– Stave electrical design studies and data transmission

tests– 3D silicon sensor R&D as candidate sensor for IBL– Beyond baseline Read Out Driver upgrade option – Overall IBL design option performance evaluation


Pixel Insertable B-layer (IBL)

3650 mm

700 mm

3.6cm4.6cm

50 OHM

TEST CHIP LVDS DRIVERXILINX DEVELOPMENTBOARD - ML405

100 OHM4 METER TWISTED PAIR 36-AWG

COPPER80 OHM

50 CM PPA-0 FLEX100 OHM

HRS DF30CONNECTOR

IBL DATA TRANSMISSION TEST SETUP

LVDS RECEIVER

CMOSDRIVER


sLHC Tracker Upgrade: Introduction

All silicon upgrade inner detector replacing current pixel+SCT+TRT– Inner most pixel layer(s) need new sensor technology– New approaches to cooling, power deliver, data transmission and

still trying to reduce material budget.

(SLAC study of the layout geometry)


* 3D Sensor technology pioneered by Sherwood Parker et al is a primary candidate for inner most pixel layer(s):

– Radiation hardness– Active Edge

* The 3D R&D devices originated at the Stanford Nano-fabrication Facilities. Two members of the original team are now with SLAC.

* SLAC/Stanford activities: – Remaining device R&D and assisting industrialized production. – Proton irradiation at LANL.– CERN test beam participation. – Integration of 3D sensor with ATLAS readout. Test stand

preparation and beam test DAQ improvements.

Pixel Upgrade: 3D Silicon Sensor


Pixel Upgrade: 3D Silicon Sensor

Active Edge 3D sensor from SNF

800 MeV proton beamsensor

FE

LANL Aug/09 proton irradiation preparation

micro Carrier board


Tracker Upgrade: CO2 Cooling

* Cooling becomes a central focus for the larger and higher granularity silicon system for sLHC with bigger challenge to avoid thermal runaway.

* CO2 cooling is widely perceived as a better alternative to the current C3F8 cooling system. High latent heat and high vapor pressure allow efficient heat transfer with smaller pipes for reduced material. Also a more environment friendly solution.

* Despite the priority and broad interests, very little has been done on CO2 cooling in HEP. More practical for a national lab.

* SLAC activities:– Already operating a blown system for mechanical prototype tests– Design of closed loop system under way to establish a major

cooling test site up to stave level– Intend to engage in the design of overall tracker cooling system– Extend into pixel mechanical design involvement


Tracker Upgrade: CO2 Cooling


Tracker Upgrade: Data Transmission

* The high hit density and high radiation at sLHC poses new challenges to data transmission.

* Current pixel optical data transmission elements will not survive sLHC radiation dose, and even more difficult to work at the colder operating temperature of -300C expected from CO2 cooling.

* SLAC is leading the unique alternative technology R&D with multi-Gb/s electrical transmission over microCoax cables.

* Custom made twinax cable with optimized material choices for transmission performance, radiation hardness and minimize material budget.


Tracker Upgrade: Data Transmission

Gb/s electrical transmission with microCoax: CML protocol, using pre-emphasis and encoding techniques.

Custom twinax cable:* Al wires and shield* Polyethylene

dielectric

Raw

With Pre-emphasis

Pre-emphasis demo with LAr kapton cable @ ~1Ghz

2mm

Twinax bit error tests: 6 Gbit/s over 6m error free.

Irradiation test and integration with GBT in preparation.


Other Tracker Upgrade Activities

* Si Strip stave electrical design and tests – Extensive technical contribution to electrical stave

debugging and improved design.– Stave DAQ Buffer Control Chip jointly designed by

UCL/SLAC and fabricated by SLAC.– High Speed I/O board originally designed for SLAC LCLS

is adopted as stave test stand DAQ board.

* Upgrade pixel test stand with multi-channel readout for stave level tests and test beam, using generic DAQ platform (see next topic).

* Upgrade tracker layout study and simulation (see Charlie Young’s talk).

June 11, 2009 The SLAC ATLAS Program: Upgrade R&D Page 15


SLAC Trigger/DAQ Upgrade Activities

* The challenge of increasing data volume and trigger rates with luminosity is formidable. Trigger/DAQ upgrades/improvements are inevitable for ATLAS like every other experiment, but the detailed plans are far from clear.

* One major R&D development path towards significantly improved DAQ readout architecture and bandwidth originated from SLAC.

* Additional trigger upgrade activities also expected.

Scientific staff: Rainer Bartoldus, Martin Kocian, Andy Haas, Su DongTechnical staff: Ric Claus, Gunther Haller, Mike Huffer, Jim Panetta,

Andy Salnikov, Matthias Wittgen


DAQ Upgrade: Readout System

* Current Read Out Drivers (ROD) have 7 different flavors for different subsystems and they cannot last 10 years.

* The current ROS PC hosting custom-build ROBIN cards via PCI bus is close to performance limit for phase 1 luminosity.

* The current Read Out Link (ROL) restricts bandwidth sharing, sensitive to fluctuations and limits L1 rate to <100Khz .

40MB/s

836 ROD 1574 ROL 145 ROS

RODBOC

ROD

ROD

BOC

BOC

…SBC

V M

E

…

ROL(S-link)

ROBINROBIN

ROBIN

ROBIN

P C

I

PC

ROS

ethernet

ethernet

from frontend

Present system

160MB/s

132MB/s

100-1200MB/s …

…

up to 6 ROBINs/ROS

132MB/s

132MB/s


DAQ Upgrade: ATCA based RCE Development

* Generic high performance DAQ research at SLAC: Reconfigurable Cluster Element (RCE) concept on ATCA platform

* Well advanced R&D serving many other SLAC projects already: Peta-cache, LCLS, LSST

MGTs DSP tilesCombinatoric logic

ATCA crate with RCE & CIM

RCE boardProcessor

450 MHZ PPC-405

512 MByte RLD-II

Boot Options Memory Subsystem Configuration

data

128 MByte Flash

Data Exchange Interface (DEI)

instruction

An RCERCE board

ATCA crate with RCE & CIM


DAQ Upgrade: New Readout Concept

* A possible new architecture with ATCA based RCEs and CIMs as building block with ROD and ROS merged into ROMs with 12 RCEs/ROM.

* High bandwidth communication capacity between modules (1 GB/s between each pair) offers ideal platform for other use: – Level 1.5 triggers – L2 supervisor + ROI builder (ANL)

Possible upgradearchitecture

ROMRTM

ROM

ROM

RTM

RTM

…

CIM

A T

C

A

…

ethernet

from frontend

…

Pixel upgrade example: • Detector area ~2x current • Data rate ~18xcurrent• sLHC pixel has ~800x 3.2Gbps • 800/48 => 17 ROMs (c.f. present 132 RODs+12

ROSes)

48 x 3.2gb/s fibers/ROM

Up to12 ROMsper crate

24 GB/s per crate=> 2 GB/s per ROM

Dual star point-pointUp to 4GB/s per slot

Shared bandwidthLess sensitive to local fluctuations


DAQ Upgrade: New Readout Concept

* The RCE + CIM concept was presented at Feb/09 ATLAS upgrade week and Mar/09 ATLAS/CMS Electronics for sLHC workshop in 4 talks.

* Significant interests from ROD developers from many subsystems with a common goal of exploring new ROD designs using the RCE development platform. The willingness to maximize commonality is very encouraging.

* SLAC is organizing an RCE training workshop at CERN Jun/15-16 in conjunction with the ATLAS ROD upgrade workshop in the same week.

* RCE test stand established at CERN for joint development (+limited distribution to institutions).

* Collaborating communication via atlas-highlumi-REC-development e-group.


Synergy between Projects

The choice of projects had the efficient use of lab resource in mind to best utilize our expertise and

aimfor broader applications:

* CO2 cooling, data transmission, teststand/DAQ are relevant for both strip and pixel detectors.

* Teststand/DAQ, Gb/s transmission, Trigger/DAQ upgrade are based on electronics the general Trigger/DAQ experience.

* We believe in the need to open up L1 bandwidth and working on the two key enabling aspects: tracker data transmission and DAQ upgrade.


Summary and Outlook

* We have identified many interesting directions making significant contributions to the ATLAS upgrades and started some detailed R&D and design.

* We believe these directions speak to the real needs to complement existing upgrade effort.

* There are strong synergies among the investigated projects to maximize utilization of SLAC expertise.

* We intend to keep the broad vision of the overall ATLAS upgrade needs and pay attention to system design issues. We believe SLAC can play a major role in the ATLAS upgrade.

atlas upgrade r&d and plans

Documents