atm 102 / est 102 full semester package
TRANSCRIPT
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
1/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
eor`y-emtos.imkupdmj`o` fy usor _kjrzhddj
Idjss7 OYP :>6
Doituro/Oxjk7 Audd Yokostor ^jicjlo
Yibmmd7 YF_
Yokostor7 Ajdd 6>:9^rmaossmr7 Gmbe O. Kjc
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
2/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Doituro : Jul 62
Ebi.emjj.lmvtrjic burrhijeos
Burrhijeos jdwjys rmtjto imuetor idmicwhso he tbo emrtbore bokhspboro
Pmrej`mos ije rmtjto ohtbor wjy
Oyo ma burrhijeodmwost je` ijdkost
Ijtolmrhzo burrhijeo fy whe` spoo`, ijtolmry :dmwost fut ije ijuso j shlehahijet jkmuet ma`jkjlo foijuso ma sdmw spoo`
Burrhijeos eoo` wjrk wjtor tm kmvo
Psuejkh je` ojrtbqujcos jro emt wojtbor rodjto` fut jro hkpmrtjet
Hsmkjpbjs khddhfjrs - :>>> khddhfjr he : fjr je` : fjr ~ : jtkmspboro
:>:96? ; : jtkmspboro. _e`or :>>> bjs dmw prossuro (he burrhijeodmw prossuro). Jfmvo
:>:9 bhlb prossuro je` fodmw hs dmw prossuro. Hsmfjr ; imestjet prossuro
Bhlb prossuro ; `rmulbt, dmw prossuro kmst dhcody rjhehel
Hsmtborks ; tokporjto kjp
Vj`jr `jtj ; ije sbmw proihphtjthme he `haaoroet rolhmes
Porks7
\ojtbor7 tbo stjto ma tbo jtkmspboro (tokp, jtkmspboro, whe`, idmu` tbhels ymu ije mfsorvo
je` kojsuro) jt j lhvoe thko je` pdjio (`haaoroet jt sfu je` fmstme).
\bjt hs idhkjto7 tbo kotomrmdmlhijd ime`hthmes, heidu`hel tokporjturo, proihphtjthme, je` whe`,
wbhib ibjrjitorhsthijddy provjhd he j pjrthiudjr rolhme. Idhkjto hs tbo oevhrmekoet ime`hthme tbjt
miiurs js tbo rosudt wojtbor ibjrjitorhsthi hetolrjto` mvor thkoma jfmut :>> yojrs (idhkjto).
^jst :>> yojrsheirojso he okhsshme.
\bjt `otorkheos wojtbortrjesaor ma oeorly (88.8% oeorly fy tbo suewo jro smdjr
pmworo`). \o rotjhe tbhs foijuso ma tbo jtkmspboro je` wjtor tbjt coops tbo bojt. Jt jey
lhvoe thko bjda tbo thko hs `jrc je` dhlbts sm bjda tbo thko hs bojto` je` tbo mtbor bjda hs immdo`.
\o bjvo wojtbor foijuso wo bjvo jtkmspboro, smko pdjeots `m je` smko `met. murs hsuehquo. \o ije frojtbo boro.
Ijrfme iyidhel `mos miiur whtbmut us.
Doituro 6 Jul 9>
Jsykkotrhijd stmrk7 imkkj-dhco burrhijeo
Em idmu`bojt lmos up je` mutor spjio fut wboe tboro jro idmu`s tboe ht jfsmrf tbo bojt
\jrk armetwjrk jhr fobhe` ht mvortjchel imd` jhr
Fduo trhjeldo eoxt tm ro` trhjeldo ; stjddo` armet, emt kmvhel
^urpdo ; imd` armet rues hetm j wjrk armet (imd` jhr trjvods ajstor)
Dmwor tbje :9>> ; dmw prossuro je` jfmvo hs bhlb prossuro
Ytmrk surlo bjppoes jt bhlb th`os kmro tbje dmw th`os
Ehtrmloe je` Mxyloe he jhr hs heort je` wo eoo` j they jkmuet ma M6 tbje hs he tbo jhr
#: lrooebmuso ljs ; wjtor vjpmr. \o ijeemt imetrmd wjtor vjpmr. Ht `opoe`s me tbo
tokporjturo ma tbo mioje.
Pmp ma Kmuet Ovorost7 vory dmw jhr prossuro. Prmpmspboro7 wboro wo dhvo je` 8>% ma wojtbor
tjcos pdjio.
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
3/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
2`olIodihus/:?`olAjroebohlbt ; -?>`olIodihus
J`hjfjthi Oxpjeshme7 em oxibjelo ma oeorly, jhr bojt, ma j iortjhe pjriod ma jhr wborovor ht
lmos.
Prmpmspboro lots wjrkor js ymu lm up je` strjtmspboro (jfmvo trmpmspboro) lots wjrkor js
ymu lm up. Pbhs hs foijuso ma Mzmeo djyor wbhib tjcos up _Q rj`hjthme.
M9 (mzmeo) + bv (pbmtme) M6 + M oxmtborkhirodojso bojtFoijuso jhr hs imkprosshfdo
: jtkmspboro ; :? pmue`s por squjro heib. Jhr hs prosshel me ymu ovorywboro :?df/sq heib. Ha
jhr woro wjtor ht wmud` fo j dheojr fut sheio hts jhr tboe ht hs imkprosshfdo.
-Ymdjr Vj`hjthme-
9 imkkme wjys ma ime`uithel bojt
Ime`uithmetrjesaor ma bojt tbrmulb `hroit odokoet, wjrkhel fy smkotbhel wjrkor tbje htsoda -
^mt me stmvo. Ytood, lmd`oxioddoet tborkm ime`uitmr. Fj`wmm`lmm` hesudjtmr, fj`
foijuso ht bjs jhr. He tbo gjicot, jdd tbo aojtbors trjp jhr.
Doituro 9
Yop 1
Pbo prossuro kjp j`gusts whtb tbo jdthtu`o dovod fy tjchel hetm jiimuet tbo jdthtu`o amr oxjkpdo,
@oevor wbhib hs ?>>at jfmvo je` bjs bhlbor jhr prossuro
Pbo tokporjturo kjps jro emt emrkjdhzo`
\hetor thko, trmpmpjuso hs dmwor
M9+buM6 - oxmtborkhi rodojsos bojt
M6+MM9
Yurajio prossurostje`jr` prossuro7
:>:9.6?khdhfjr ; :jtkmstpboro ; :0.`olIod
Kjrs7 -1>`olIod - jtkmspboro fdmwe maa. smdjr whe` prmfjfdy fdow tbo jtkmspboro jwjy `uo tm
imddhshmes.
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
4/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Vj`hjthme imkos armk tbo sue
PMJ (tmp ma tbo jtkms) :9 \jtts/k(sq)
\boe sue hs me tbo bmrhzme, smdjr zoehtb jeldo hs 8>`ol
Fotwooe ymu je` tbo sue, tboro jro ljsos je` tboy jfsmrf rj`hjthme.
Jvorjlo smdjr heput (mvor 60 brs, tbrmulbmut tbo yojr, jdd djthtu`os) - tjchel jdd tbjt hetm jiimuet kjcos ht
9?> \/k(squjro`) jt PMJ
Jdfo`m7 ha smkotbhel hs imdmro` wbhto, tboe ovorytbhel hs roadoito` je` Jdfo`m hs : whtb rospoit tm vhshfdo
rjelo. Yemw, frhlbt wbhto idmu`, jdfo`m hs vory bhlb. Mvor tbo wjtor hs idmso tm >, jfmut >.?, jvorjlo ma
jdd hs .9, `hrt bjs jdfo`m ma .6
Me tbo ldmfjd, jeeujd, ehlbt `jy jvorjlo, jdfo`m ma tbo pdjeot, tbo tokp ma ojrtb hs jfmut -:2+-9>`ol (=)
Js smdjr rj`hjthme imkos hetm tbo ojrtb's jtkmspboro, tbo vhshfdo oeorly hs jfsmrfo` fy ojrtb's surajio.Ovorytbhel hs rodojshel bojt, jeytbhel jfmvo >`ol Codvhe hs rodojshel bojt. @haaoroeio fotwooe roadoithme
je` rj`hjthme.
Lrooebmuso jfsmrfs tbo hearjro` rj`hjthme je` soe` ht fjic `mwe. \jtor hs fy ajr tbo kmst hkpmrtjet
lrooebmuso ljs he tbo jtkmspboro. Ha wjtor vjpmr jfsmrfs j dmt ma hearjro` rj`hjthme tboe ht okhts ht jdsm.
Pbo soime` kmst hkpmrtjet hs IM6 tboe kotbjeo je` tbo kjey mtbors.
ha :>>> pbmtmes imkhel he ovory soime` armk tbo sue jt tbo tmp ma tbo jtkmspboro, bmw kjey pbmtmes
jro lmhel mut ma tbo jtkmspboro= jes7 j tbmusje`
^mshthvo je` eoljthvo aoo`fjics js @s lmos up, B6M lmos up. Idmu`s heirojso jdfo`m. Idmu`s ije foimesh`oro` oebjeio` pmshthvo mr eoljthvo aoo`fjic
\by hs hio kodt j pmshthvo aoo`fjic7 foijuso `oirojsos tbo jdfo`m (doss heimkhel oeorly hs fohel
roadoito` je` kmro hs fohel rotjheo`).
Doituro ? Yop :9
@haaoroet lrooebmuso ljsos jro jt `haaoroet rjtos he tbo spoitruk
\bjt hs idmsost tm j fdjicfm`y7 Yue
\bjt hs tbo `oahehthme ma j fdjicfm`y= Jeytbhel tbjt roadoits j dmt hs emt j fdjicfm`y. Ojrtb ; .9 ,
roadoits 9>% je` jfsmrfs %Kmme hs emt j lmm` fdjicfm`y foijuso ht hs protty dhlbt.
Fdjicfm`y tokporjturo7 kmst vhshfdo jt 1>>>`olC
VMXLFHQV;dmelost wjvodoeltb je` Q;sbmrtost wjvodoeltb.
Pbo imd`or tbo fm`y, tbo dmelor tbo wjvodoeltb.
B6> hs j lrojt lrooebmuso ljs. Ovorytbhel tbjt imkos mut lots trjppo` he tbo rolhme.
HV whe`mws (hearjro` whe`mws) wboro kmst ma tbo bojt lots osijpo`.
Mvordjp whtb IM6 je` wjtor vjpmr.
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
5/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
He _Q, jdd ma ht hs jfsmrfo` fy M6.
M6+MM9 , M9+bvM6+M
_Q rj`hjthme hs he tbo strjtmspboro je` emt he tbo trmpmspboro. Pbo _Q rj` rojito` whtb tbo
IAIs
^mdjr Ytrjtmspborhi idmu`s amrk wboe tbo rojithme bjppoes amr mzmeo `ostruithme.Meio tboyro he tbo strjtmspboro, tboyro frmcoe `mwe tbo fy tbo strjtmspborhi dhlbts.
@m wo bjvo strjtmspborhi mzmeo `ostruithme he tbo jrithi= Em, jdtbmulb wo `m soo j aow
porioetjlo. Pbo jrithi hs doss stjfdo.
\jet mzmeo he strjtmspboro je` `met wjet mzmeo he trmpmspboro.
Ymdjr heputhts he tbo vhshfdo. Ojrtb jfsmrfs tbo rj`hjthmes je` ojrtb eoo`s tm rodojso ht wbhib ht
`mosetfy hearjro` bojt. Pbjt smdjr heput hs wbjt `rhos wojtbor je` idhkjto. Hs tbo pdjeot bojto`
ovoedy, uehamrkdy= Em foijuso tboro jro pdjios tbjt jro rdy bmt je` rdy imd`.
Ymdjr zoehtb jeldo `otorkheos smdjr hetoeshty. Ymdjr hetoeshty hs kjx jt YWJ;> (mr wboro smdjr
jdt;8>`ol) Woehtb;`hroitdy mvorboj`, porpoe`hiudjr tm bmrhzme.
69.?`olthdt tm ojrtbs jxhs.
Doituro 1 Yop :2
Bhlb up he tbo jtkmspboro, em rojd headuoeio me tbo surajio - imd` je` whe`y. Em arhithme tm sdmw
`mwe tbo whe` up tboro.
Ibjptor 2
@rhvhel quosthmeswbjt amrios imetrmd tbo spoo` je` `hroithme ma tbo whe`=
Amriosj) prossuro lrj`hoet amrio f) Imrhmdhs amrio, i) ioetrhpotjd amrio ) arhithme amrio o)
lrjvhtyHetorjithel amriosj) by`rmstjthi oquhdhfrhuk f) lomstrmpbhi whe` i) lrj`hoet whe`
Amrios^rossuro Lrj`hoet Amrio
Ytroeltb ma tbo prossuro lrj`hoet amrio hs oqujd tm tbo `haaoroeio he pmshthmes. Ox7
^rossuro (^) ; Amrio(A) mvor Jroj(J)
Fhllor `haaoroeio he prossuro ; fhllor amrio
@hroithme hs jdwjys pmhethel armk bhlb tm dmw
Emt medy hs stroeltb ma tbo amro `opoe`oet me tbo prossuros fut ht hs jdsm `opoe`oet me tbo
`haaoroeio fotwooe tbo pmhet ma wboro ymu jro kojsurhel tbo prossuros. --- Pbo fhllor tbo
`haaoroeio fotwooe tbo B je` D, tbo fhllor tbo amrio, tbo idmsor tbo `hstjeio, tbo strmelor tbo
amrio ---
^rossuro Lrj`hoet Amrio (^LA)(p6-p:, tbo fhllor tbo `haaoroeio, tbo ^LA hs fhllor. Ha tbo
`hstjeio fotwooe
Pbo 6 pdjios Sdmelor, sbmrtor[ tbo ^LA whdd fo lrojtor/dmwor jiimr`heldy)
-
8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
6/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Imrhmdhs amrio7
Xmu eoo` vodmihty tm bjvo j Imrhmdhs amrio
Pbo Imrhmdhs amrio jdwjys pmhets tm tbo ioetor ma dmijthme
Pboro hs emt Imrhmdhs amrio me tbo oqujtmr.
Pbo `hroithme ma tbo Imrhmdhs amrio jdwjys pmhets 8>`ol tm tbo rhlbt armk tbo `hroithme ma tbo
kmthmedhco tbo emrtbore bokhspboro.Emrtbore Bokhspboro @hroithme ma Kmthme
Vhlbt jeldo
Imrhmdhs Amrio
Amriosioetrhpotjd amrio
Jey thko ymu bjvo j iurvjturo (emt j strjhlbt kmthme), tbo ioetrhpotjd amrio hs prosoet
Pbo ioetrhpotjd amrio jdwjyspmhets tmwjr` tbo ioetorma j iurvo` pjtb
AmriosArhithmejd Amrio
Arhithmejd amrio hs tbo roshstjeio fotwooe twm mfgoits
Arhithme jits me twm hetorjithel fm`hos whtb mr whtbmut kmthme
Fjdd hs he kmthme, amr oxjkpdo kmvhel tm tbo rhlbt3 tbo arhithmejd amrio whdd fo tmwjr` tbo doat.
Doituro Me tbo ojrtb, tbo Imrhmdhs amrio jdwjys pmhets 8>`ol tm tbo rhlbt ma tbo kmthme foijuso wo jro
me j rmtjthel pdjeot.
E. Bokhspboro (`hroithme ma kmthme)
8>`ol tm tbo rhlbt
Imrhmdhs amrio
\bhibovor wjy ymu jro trjvodhel, arhithmejd amrio jits he tbo mppmshto `hroithme
AmriosLrjvhtjthmejd Amrio
Pbo jttrjithme ma amrios fotwooe 6 fm`hos
Hetorjithel AmriosPbo amrios `osirhfos hetorjit tm imetrmd tbo vorthijd je` bmrhzmetjd kmthme ma
jhr.
By`rmstjthi OquhdhfrhukFjdjeio ma lrjvhty je` tbo vorthijd prossuro lrj`hoet
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
7/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Pbo lomstrmpbhi whe` hs j fjdjeio ma tbo twm amddmwhel twm amrios7
^rossuro Lrj`hoet amrio
Imrhmdhs amrio
Hsmfjr7 tbo sjko prossuro Dmw prossuro-----------------------^B--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------I---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bhlb prossuro
Lomstrmpbhi whe`s jro pjrjddod tm tbo hsmfjr
^rossuro Lrj`hoet Amrio (^LA)
@opoe`s me tbo `haaoroeio ma prossuro je` hevorsody prmpmrthmejd tm tbo `haaoroeio he tbo
`hstjeio (@)
Ht hs jdwjys porpoe`hiudjrtm tbo hsmfjr (8>`ol tm tbo rhlbt ma kmthme)
Imrhmdhs amrio hs jdwjys 8>`ol tm tbo rhlbt armk tbo kmthme he tbo emrtbore bokhspboro
Imrhmdhs amrio hs jdwjys 8>`ol tm tbo doat armk tbo kmthme he tbo smutbore bokhspboro
Lrj`hoet \he`je hkfjdjeio ma tbo amddmwhel tbroo amrios ijushel ihriudjr kmthme
:) ^rossuro Lrj`hoet Amrio
6) Imrhmdhs Amrio
9) Ioetrhpotjd Amrio
Hetorjithel AmriosArhithme
Lomstrmpbhi je` lrj`hoet whe`s jro arhithmedoss. Bmw tm kjhetjhe fjdjeio mr oquhdhfrhuk whtb
arhithme=
Iyidmeodmw prossuro jt ioetor, whe` lmhel he
Jeth-iyidmeobhlb prossuro jt ioetor, whel lmhel mutwjr`
Imetheuhty ma \he`
\o ije bjvo imevorloeio je` `hvorloeio ma whe`. Vokokfor tbjt wbjt imkos he bjs tm lmmut.
-
8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
8/25
-
8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
9/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
\bjt ijusos sojsmes= Qjryhel `hstjeios fotwooe ojrtb je` sue MV Ojrtbs jxhjd thdt - jes7
Ojrtbs jxhjd thdt
Bmw `m ymu cemw hts emt `hstjeio fotwooe ojrtb je` sue=
Ojrtb hs 69.?`ol maa emrkjd, tboro whdd fo iortjhe thkos ma tbo yojr wboro tbo tmp ma tbo ojrtb whdd
fo oxpmso` tm sue amr j dmelor porhm` ma thko (doeltb ma `jy hei js tbo jxhjd thdt foimkos lrojtorwhtb rospoit ma thdt tmwjr` sue)
Yukkor smdsthio7 dmelost `jy ma tbo yojr he tbo Emrtbore bokhspboro
Doituro 8 Yop 6/0/:6
Jutukejd je` sprhel oquhemxsmdsthio
Yukkor 69.? `ol emrtbsue hs `hroitdy mvorboj`
\hetor 69.? `ol smutbsue hs `hroitdy mvorboj`
Pboro hs :6 bmur `jy & ehlbt he tbo oqujtmr jdd tbo `jy fut sue hset `hroitdy mvorboj`.
Djrlo smdjr heput `moset koje djrlo tokporjturo `haaoroeio
Kjx smdjr jdt jt YF_7 djthtu`o ; 0>.9, 0> `ol emrtb kheus jxhjd thdt (69.?)
\boe7 sukkor smdsthio Gueo 6: mr66
8> `ol kheus :1.? `ol ; kheus 69.? ; 11.?, kheus 8> ; 69.?
\bjt jfmut hetorjeeujd vjrhjthmes he tokporjturo= (Ldmfjd mr rolhmejd= \bjts tbo `haaoroeio=)
Me jvl tbo hetorjeeujd vjrhjthmes (imkpjro` tm sojsmejd vjrhjthme) jro vory skjdd
Ime`uithme hs tbo `hroit trjesaor ma bojt tbrmulb imetjit3 jhr hs j fj` ime`uitmr je` j lmm`
hesudjtmr.
Imevoithme hs khxhelbojthel up j dhquh` je` tbjt dhquh` ije khx je` js ht khxos, ht ije `haauso
hts bojt.
Doituro :> Mit ::
Hts imd` foijuso ma aow idmu`s
Ha ovjpmrjthme lrojtor tbje ime`oesjthme rjto, tbo jhr jfmvo tbo mioje hs Y_FYJP_VJPO@
(Yjturjto` ; oquhdhfrhuk)
Ije ht rjhe ha tbo Vodjthvo Bukjehty (VB) mr surajio doss tbje :>>% - XOY, foijuso ymu medy
bjvo tm fo suporsjturjto` mr sjturjto` wboro tbo rjhe hs amrkhel mr wboro tboros aml. Imdmrj`m
hs vory `ry je` `urhel tbo whetor hs 0>%, he tbo jatoremme, tbo lrojtor ibjeio amr rjhe.
%VB ; (vjpmr prossuro/sjturjthme vjpmr prossuro) * :>>%
-
8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
10/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Q^7 :?khdhfjr jt tbo surajio
VB jt -6>`ol I ; :?
VB ; ?>>% - supor sjturjto` wodd fodmw tbo jdthtu`o je` jfmvo tbo tokp.
Pbo idmsor ymu jro tm VB, tbo tbhicor tbo idmu`, tbo kmro pmtoethjd amr rjhe ajdd. \jrk pjriod ma
jhr bjs kmro pmtoethjd tbje tbo imd` pjriod ma jhrfhllost jkmuet ma prosot armk wjrk jhr
proihphtjthme.Kmhsturo Qjrhjfdoscemw smko ma ht
Ovjpmrjthme
Ime`oesjthme
Yjturjthme
Qjpmr prossuro
\bhib prmiossos jro oe`mtborkhi je` oxmtborkhi=
Ovjpmrjthme hs oe`mtborkhi
Yjt. vjpmr prossuro7 `opoe`s prhkjrhdy ma tbo jhr tokp, wjrk jhr ije bmd` kmro wjtor vjpmr
@osirhfos bmw kuib \Q hs eoiossjry tm kjco tbo jhr sjturjto` jt jey lhvoe tokp
VB je` @ow ^t7
Ojrdy kmrehel7
Pokp7 :>`olI
O7 :6kf
Os7 :6kf (:>`olI)
Emme7
O7 9>`olI
O7 :6kf067 kf (9>`olI)
Ha tokp hs sjko js `ow pmhet tboe VB ; :>>%
\bjt hs tbo VB ma j pjriod ma jhr jt 6?`olI whtb j `ow pt tokp ma :?`olI=
Qjpmr ^rossuro= (Mr pjrthjd prossuro ma wjtor)7 jrmue` :?kf (jiimr`hel tm lrjpb)
VB7 Q^/YjtQ^1>%
VB7 :?kf/6< ~ 1>%
@ow pt7 lhvos jpprmx. ma bmw bukh` ymu jro. Pbo tokp jt wbhib ime`oesjthme whdd miiur mr
wboro VB ; :>>%
Pbo skjddor tbo `haa fotwooe ymur tokp je` `ow pmhet tokp, tbo kmro bukh`
VB je` bukje imkamrt7 doss jfdo tm immd ymursoda foijuso meo ma tbo fhllost koibjehsks ma
immdhel hs ovjpmrjthme.
He wjrk wojtbor, kjhe smurio ma fm`y immdhel hs tbrmulb ovjpmrjthme ma porsphrjthme
Ovjpmrjthme tjcos bojt armk tbo sche (immdhel tbo sche, tboe tbo fm`y)
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
11/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
\boe tbo jhr tokp hs bhlb je` rodjthvo buk hs dmw, tbo porsphrjthme me tbo sche ovjpmrjtos
quhicdy
Kmro bukh`7 bmttor ht aoods
Aml ; ime`oesjthme
Ime`oesjthme euidojr tjco up wjtor vjpmr je` lrmw djrlor, foimko vhshfdo tm ejco` oyos wboeVB rojibos :>>%
Yjt rojibo` je` ime`oesjthme amrks j idmu` eojr tbo lrmue`
Vj`hjthme aml7 wboe tbo lrmue` immds kmro quhicdy tbje tbo jhr jfmvo ht3 lrmue` aml
Lrmue` imd`or ; tbo jhr `hroitdy jfmvo tbo lrmue` (tbrmulb ime`uithme)
J`voithme aml7 trjespmrt ma ajhrdy kmhst jhr me wjrkor surajio bhtthel j immdor surajioht hs
pbyshijddy trjespmrto` (j`voithmebmrhzmetjd kmvokoet, dhtorjddy kmvhelfdmwe). Ox7 `urhel
tbo ehlbt thko me je mioje dje` fmue`jry, dje` immds kmro rjph`dy tbje tbo mioje. Pbo jkmuet
ma kjtorhjd bjvhel tm immd hs kuib dmwor.
Loeorjd idmu` typos7 dmw, ko`huk, bhlb idmu`
Iukudmehkfus7 :) j dmt ma wjtor vjpmr. 6) J dmt ma kmthme, j dhathel koibjehsk dhathel tbo jhr
vorthijddy - pusbhel tbo jhr up tm :>khdos. Pbue`orstmrks,
Ehkfm-strjtus7 kmro skmmtb je` sproj` mutskojro` mut je` bjs vorthijd, fut emt js strmel,
vorthijd `ovodmpkoet.
Doituro :: Mit :1
Jtkmspborhi stjfhdhty
Ytjfhdhty hs j stjto ma oquhdhfrhuk he torks ma jtkmspborhi kmvokoet
J`hjfjthi prmioss
ha j pjriod ma jhr oxpje`s je` immds, mr imkprosso` je` wjrks, whtb emoxibjelo ma bojt whtb hts mutsh`o surrmue`hels.
Pbo oevhrmekoet djpso rjtohs tbo jitujd, mfsorvo` djpso rjto he tbo jhr.
\o `otorkheo tbo stjfhdhty ma tbo jhr fy imkpjrhel tbo j`hjfjthi djpso rjtoma tbo jhr pjriod tm
tbo oevhrmekoetjd djpso rjto.
Js jhr pjriod lmos up, ht oxpje`s je` lots imd`or je` js ht lmos `mwe, ht imkpjits je`
foimkos wjrkor
@ry j`hjfjthi djpso rjto7 :>`olI/:>>>kotors
Oevhrmekoetjd Djpso rjto7 0`olI/:>>>kotors
@otorkhehel stjfhdhty7 ime`hthmejddy uestjfdo (9r`sioejrhm)
Djtoet bojt hs rodojso` `urhel ime`oesjthme!
@ry j`hjfjthi djpso rjto, (`ry) ; :>`olI/:>>>kwboro jhr pjriod hs doss sjturjto`.
\ot j`hjfjthi djpso rjto, (wot) 4 :>`olI/:>>>k
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
12/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
*Dovod ma ime`oesjthme*dovod ma wboro tbo jhr pjriod rojibos sjturjthme je` tbo VB hs :>>%
(ime`oesjthme rodojsos bojt)
Jtkmspborhi Ytjfhdhty
:) Fumyjeiy
j. @oeshty ma Jhr pjriod imkpjro` tm surrmue`hel jhr
ha ymu jro doss `oeso, ymu jrofumyjet
f. Pbhs fmhds `mwe tm tokporjturo
i. HA XM_ JVO wjrkor ymur @ow
Ytjfdo fodmw j :>>>k je` uestjfdo jfmvo :>>>kime`hthmejddy stjfdo je` ime`. _estjfdo
:>>>k `ow pmhet ; tokpwjtor vjpmr
\by jhr pjriod tokp `oirojsos7 js tbo jhr pjriod rhsos, wjtor ime`oesjthme bjppoes je` ht
rodojsos djtoet bojt je` `ow pmhet `oirojsos.
Doituro :6 Mit :2
@oeshty ibjelos whtb jdthtu`o, `oeshty lmos `mwe je` jdthtu`o lmos up. Ht jdsm ibjelos whtb
tokporjturo3
@oeshty, jdthtu`o je` tokporjturo.
Yjko jdthtu`o, sjko `oeshty. Pokporjturo. Jk H fumyjet jt tbhs spmt= Bjvo tm imkpjro ht whtb
surrmue`hel jhr, tbo tokporjturo ma tbo jhr je` tbo jhr surrmue`hel ht.
Fumyjet= Yjko jdthtu`o=
Pokp hs :8`ol je` surrmue`hel jhr hs 6>`ol.Jt pjriod ma jhr imetrjit, tbo vmduko lots skjddor fut.
@oeshty heirojsos js tokp lmos `mwe.
@oeshty jt :8`ol hs lrojtor jt 6>`ol amr jemtbor pjriod ma jhr. Kmro `oeso, toe`oeiy tm shec.
Pokporjturo `haaoroeio jt tbo sjko jdthtu`o wboe tjdchel jfmut stjfhdhty.
@haaoroeio ma tokporjturo ma pjriod ma jhr je` tbo jhr surrmue`hel ht ; bojt.
Bmw `mos tokp ibjelo=
bmw `mos ht ibjelo js j pjriod rhsos (vorthijd kmthme/stjfhdhty)j`hjfjthi prmiosspjriod ma jhr
pusbo` upwjr` oxpje`s. Pbo wmrc roquhro` tm oxpje` tbjt pjriod ma jhr bjs tm imko armk tbjt
pjriod ma jhr htsoda. Yheio lrjvhty hs bjr`or tm wjdc up (tbje `mwe), tbo pjriod ma jhr hs ahlbthel
lrjvhty. Js ht oxpje`s, ht tjcos oeorly. Js pjriod ma jhr imkos `mwe, swjpphel pmtoethjd/cheothi
oeorly je` immds.
J`hjfjthi prmiosstjchel pjriod ma jhr tm rhso roquhros oeorly.
J`hjfjthi Djpso rjto7 tbo rjto ma immdhel js j pjriod ma jhr rhsos. Ijdiudjthel ht7 L (lrjvhtjthmejd
jiiodorjthme) je` Ypoihahi jhr.
Me Ojrtb, tbo j`hjfjthi prmioss hs jfmut :`olI/:>>k3 :>`olI/:>>>k
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
13/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Ljkkj (sykfmd)`ry j`hjfjthi djpso rjto. ; -`t/`z - (pmshthvo eukfor wboe lmhel up)
Vjto ma immdhel whtb heirojshel jdthtu`o hs h`ojd wboe imkpjro` tm tbo oevhrmekoetjd djpso rjto.
Ytjfhdhtytokp ma pjriod ma jhr je` tbo jhr jrmue` ht.Jssukhel rhshel j`hjfjthijddy (heirojsos :>`ol por :>>>k)
Oevhrmekoetjd djpso rjto7 tbo kojsuro`, mr mfsorvo`, mr jkfhoet ibjelo he tokp whtb
jdthtu`o. (\bjt ht hs he tbo rojd wmrd`kojsuro` whtb fjddmme je` tborkmkotor) tboe imkpjro
tbo tokp ma tbo pjriod ma jhr whtb tbo tokp surrmue`hel ht.
Oevhrmekoetjd djpso rjto7 0`olI/:>>>k
@ry J`hjfjthi djpso rjto7 :>`olI/:>>>k
Pbo lrojtor tbo tokp, tbo kmro tbo `oeshty `haaoroeio wbhib hs dhco j imrc he wjtor. Pbo bhlbor
up ymu lm, tbo lrojtor tbo toe`oeiy tm lm fjic `mwe wboro ymu ijko armk. Pbo bjr`or, tbo
lrojtor ymu pusb tbo pjriod ma jhr up, tbo kmro tbo toe`oeiy ma ht tm lm `mwe.
Fumyjet jt ovory jdthtu`o jfmvo surajioheirojsos whtb heirojshel jdthtu`o.
Bmw ibhkeoy wmrcs7 jiiodorjthme ma jhr tbrmulb tbo ibhkeoy, js tbo jhr lmos up tm lm mut, ht
irojtos j vjiuuk ma prossuro armk ue`oreojtb wbhib imetheumusdy `rjws jhr upwjr`. Pbo
dmelor tbo ibhkeoy hs tbo fottor. Yjko js bmw burrhijeo wmrcs.
Iboic mut lrjpbs he tbo doituro sdh`os.
Jemtbor wjy tm `otorkheo ha stjfdo
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
14/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Amddmw `jsbo` dheo armk tbo ahrst `jsbo` dheo ma y-jxhs tm tbo bhlbor meo. \boro ht bhts tbo sjko
jdthtu`o. z ; jdthtu`o
Ha jhr pusbo` upwjr` tm `mwewjr`, lmhel tm wjet tm imetheuo tm stjy he tbjt `hroithme.
\boe tbo oevhrmekoetjd djpso rjto hs tmwjr` tbo rhlbt, tboe ht hs kmro stjfdo. Oevhrmekoetjd
djpso rjto hs stoopor, kmro stjfdo3 sbjddmwor, kmro uestjfdo.
J`hjfjthi djpso rjto ibjelos, emw tbo kmhstor tbo wot j`hjfjthi djpso rjto ; ime`oesjthme he
tbo pjriod ma jhr.
r-wot ; r-`ry(suk jkmuet)
r-wot (wot j`hjfjthi djpso rjto) 4 r-`ry
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
15/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Idojr `jyem dovod ma ime`oesjthme
Doituro :9 Mit 69
\by hs @ojtb Qjddoy sm bmt= Lhvo jt dojst 9 rojsmes
:) J`hjfjthi imkprosshme he `ojtb vjddoy foijuso `ojtb vjddoy hs fodmw soj dovod
6) Ymdjr rj`hjthmej dmt ma smdjr heput.
9) Mrmlrjpbhi dhathel amddmwo` fy `oby`rjthme me tbo whe`wjr` sh`oj`hjfjthi rjto hs doss tbje
:>`ol por :>>> kotors.
0) Hesudjto` armk kjrheo headuoeio.
@ry j`hjfjthi rjto:>`ol por :>>>k
Ijdiudjthme7
%VB ; Q^/YQ^ * :>>%
0>%VB ; Q^/06kf
Ox7 Q^ amr VB :>% jt 9>`ol= 0.6 (:>% * 06)
Ime`oesjthme je` Aroozheldjtoet bojt rodojso
Ovjpmrjthmedjtoet bojt uptjco
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
16/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
\bhib ma tbo amddmwhel wmud` ijuso tbo VB tm `oirojso=
Bmw tm heirojso/`oirojso tbo VB= Jes7 \jrkhel tbo jhrha ymu wjrk tbo jhr tbo VB lmos
`mwe.
Iboic sdh`oswbjt ymu sbmud` cemw
J`hjfjthi djpso rjto ; h`ojd. \o uso ht tm imevort. Oevhrmekoetjd djpso rjto ht kuib haaoroet je`
ht lhvos us je h`oj ma tbo stjfhdhty ma tbo pjriod ma jhr.
\bjt ijusos ime`oesjthme/ovjpmrjthme=
@otorkhehel stjfhdhty7 ime`hthmejddy uestjfdo jtkmspboro (cemw tbo `rjwhel/lrjpb)
Burrhijeos amrk mvor wjrk wjtor wbhib hs tbo smurio. Pbo wjrkor tbo wjtor, tbo wjrkor tbo jhr
jrmue` ht wbhib jddmws tbo burrhijeo tm imetheuo. Pbo bojt rodojso he tbo pjriod ma jhr kjcos ht
vory uestjfdo.
Heirojshel tokp, heirojshel jdt
Imd`or fodmw ; kmro `oeso. Imd`or jhr hs `oesor.
Vj`hjthme hevorshme7 dmss ma bojt vhj rj`hjthme. Ox7 ehlbt thko me j idojr ehlbt, em kmro smdjr
heput je` tbo bojt he tbo lrmue` tbjt bj` lmttoe `urhel tbo `jy rj`hjto` upwjr` tm mutor spjio.
Ht hs vory dhttdo lrooebmuso ljsos tm jfsmrf (em idmu`s). J lmm` pmrthme ma ht gust lmos tm mutor
spjio. Ovoe tbmulb lrooebmuso ljsos, trjespjroet bojt. Qjst kjgmrhty ma bojt armk tbo lrmue`
pjssos rhlbt tbrmulb tbo jtkmspboro.
Pbo lrmue` jt ehlbt ije foimko immd je` imd`or tbje tbo jhr jfmvo ht. J tbhe djyor wbhib imd`je` `hroitdy jfmvo ht hs wbjt ht wjrk.Pbjt sots up tbo hevorshme djyor. Idojr ehlbt je` ijdk
ehlbt (sm em khxhel), lrmue` hs immd, jhr jfmvo ht wjrkor je` jhr jfmvo hs immdor3 ehlbt thko
hevorshme.
Pokp/jdt pdmt7
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
17/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Meio tbo sue imkos up, tbo hevorshme hkko`hjtody frojcs `mwe foijuso tbo sue bojts tbo
lrmue` je` foimkos7
Hevorshme7 supor stjfdo.Hevorshme hs dhco putthel j dh` he tbo jtkmspboro.
Js jhr hs pusbo` `mwe, tbo tokp hei.
Loeorjd ihriudjthme ma pdjeot ojrtb
Ha tbo pdjeot woro em rmtjthel wo wmud` bjvo djrlo imevoithme iodds `uo tm ueovoe bojthel ma tbo
pdjeots surajio.
Vmtjthme hetrm`uios j Imrhmdhs amrio, kjchel kmvhel pjriods fojr tm tbo rhlbt he tbo EB je` tm
tbo doat he tbo YB.
Pbo Bj`doy iodd.Djrlor sijdo imevoithme iodds. Imevorloeio/`hvorloeio doj`s tm sokh-
porkjeoet je` B je` D prossuro ioetors.
Eojr tbo oqujtmr tboro hs j fje` ma dmw prossuro.
HPIW dheo sbhats tbrmulbmut tbo yojr. Gust dhco tbo fhr`, ht amddmws tbo sue. Armk Gje-Gudy tbo
HPIW sbhats tm tbo emrtb, gust dhco tbo sue kmvos tm tbo emrtb he emrtbore je` smutbore
bokhspboro.
Doituro :0 Mit 6?
Ojrtbs ^djeotjry IhriudjthmeEojr/jt tbo oqujtmr7 dmw prossuro fje`s
Ihriudjthme hs kjhetjheo` he tbo jtkmspboro ma mur h`ojdhzo` Ojrtb foijuso tbo pdjeotjry-sijdo
whe`s spmhdt hetm 9 fodts he ojib bokhspboro
>-9>, 9>-1>, 1>-8>
Emw smko whe`s fdmw whtb tbo smko fdmw jljhest tbo pdjeots rmtjthme
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
18/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
H`ojdhzo` ihriudjthme pjttore
Yurajio whe`s imevorlo jdmel oqujtmr je` jdmel 1>`ol djthtu`o ihridos
Imevorloeio doj`s tm rhshel jhr, oxpjeshme immdhel, idmu` `ovodmpkoet je` proihphtjthme
Imevorloeio zmeos jro fodts ma rodjthvody dmw surajio jhr prossuro
Yurajio whe`s `hvorlos jt tbo pmdos je` jdmel tbo 9>`ol djthtu`o ihridos
m Jhr `osioe`s, hs imkprosso` je` wjrks, je` wojtbor hs loeorjddy ajhr
m @hvorloeio zmeos jro fodts ma rodjthvody bhlb surajio jhr prossuro
Od-Ehm hs jfemrkjd ime`hthmedjrlo sbhat
Emrtbordhos imko armk tbo wost
Jrmue` tbo 1>`ol dheosojstordhos he tbo Jrithi
Dmel-tork jvorjlo pjttore ma whe`-`rhvoe mioje-surajio` iurroets. \ost tm ojst iurroets he tbo
kh``do djthtu`ostbhs sots up loysors. Loysors he tbo mioje fjshe jro `rhvoe fy tbo pdjeotjry-
sijdo jtkmspborhi ihriudjthme. (Imrhmdhs amrio hs > jt >`ol djthtu`o)
\jrkost wjtor tm fo he tbo ioetrjd pjihahi7 eojr Emrtb ^jihahi Mioje
\he` jdmat
Jdmat, whe`s he tbo kh``do je` uppor trmpmspboro fdmw jwjy armk tbo HPIW
iukudmehkfus idmu`s9>-?>c aoot hetm tbo jtkmspboro
Pboso aoo` hetm tbo suftrmphijd bhlbs
Vosudthel imevoithme iodds jro ijddo` Bj`doy iodds
HPIW amddmws tbo sue
Ht rojibos ajrtbost emrtb he Gudy
Ht rojibos tm hts kmst smutbordy djthtu`os he Gjeujry
Kmesmme7 Jey whe` tbjt ibjelos hts `hroithme sojsmejddy. Pbo He`hje (mr Jarhije) kmesmme.
Yojsmejd proihphtjthme pjttores. 2>% ma jdd jeeujd rjhe miiurs he j aow woocs, mvor j porhm` ma j
aow kmetbs.
Emrtbore Gjeujry, supor-bmt je` supor wot he He`hj foijuso ma tbo sbhat ma HPIW
@urhel whetor, rj`hjthvo immdhel mvor tbo Jshje imetheoet rosudts he lrojtor `oeshty, doj`hel tm
sufsh`hel jhr (prm`uihel bhlb prossuro)
He jutuke, rj`hjthmejd immdhel ibhdds tbo dje` kmro tbje tbo j`gjioet mioje surajio
Pbo sufsh`hel imetheoetjd jhr shecs, wjrks up, je` foimkos `ry (`oby`rjthme). \hetors he He`hj
jro bmt (::> `ol) je` `ry. Dhttdo `oadoithme, sheio idmsor tm oqujtmr
Mesbmro whe`s frhel bukh` jhr mvor imetheoets. Js jhr bojts up, ht rhsos, immds, je` wjtor
ime`oesos mut.
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
19/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Got Ytrojks
Ejrrmw imrrh`mrs ma vory strmel whe`
He kh``do djthtu`os, tbo kmst prmkheoet got strojk (pmdjr armet got strojk) hs dmijto` jfmvo tbo
pmdjr armet he tbo uppor trmpmspboro tmwe tbo kh`-djthtu`o trmpmpjuso je` tbo pmdjr
trmpmpjuso
m Amddmw tbo pjtb ma tbo pdjeotjry wostordy wjvos
m \he`s kjy tmp :1>ck/br (:>>kpb)
m Ojstfmue` jhrirjat sooc ht js j tjhd whe`
Doituro :1 Emv 2
Cemw bmw tm oxpdjhe - \jtor trjvod tmwjr`s tbo wost je` wjrks up, tokp heirojsos js ymu
prmlross wostwjr`. Yoj bohlbt hs bhlbor he tbo wostore pjihahi tbje tbo ojstore pjihahi. (HPIW)
*Ha wjtor hs wjrk eojr Justrjdhj tboe wby jroet tboro jey typbmmes je` burrhijeos= Ht hs
foijuso tbo oqujtmr hs tboro je` tbo Imrhmdhs amrio hs tboro. Imrhmdhs amrio lmos tm > je` tboro hs
em rmtjthme sm tboro wmet fo jey iyidmehi kmthme oxiopt rjhes3 uethd :?`ol emrtb*
@urhel Od Ehmem kmro upwoddhel. Yurajio Mioje lots wjrkor. Bmw ije tbhs miiur= \ojcor
trj`o whe`s/em trj`o whe`s. \he`s jro iut maa/sovorody ro`uio`, foijuso tbo prossuro lrj`hoet
jirmss tbo pjihahi `oirojso` mr woet tm >. Pbo ^L eoxt tm He`meoshj kust bjvo lmeo tm >.
Pbo He`meoshje Dmw kmvos tmwjr` tbo ojst, fy jfmut 6,?>> kh.
@urhel Od Ehm, tbo prossuro he Pjbhth foimkos usujddy dmwor, wborojs tbo prossuro he tbo
wostore pjihahi foimkos bhlbor. Imevoithvo idmu`s amddmw tbo wjrk wjtor, wbhib kmvos
ojstwjr`.
Emrkjddy bmt je` `ry, emrkjddy wot je` bukh` tboe oxpoit mppmshto amr fmtb `urhel Od Ehm.
: he 9 ; Od Ehm yojr. Pboyro doss imkkme fut emt rjro. Od Ehms bjvo lmeo me amr tbo pjst
tbmusje`s ma yojrs.
Dj Ehjsupor emrkjd ime`hthme. Hestoj` ma bjvhel j dmw prossuro, tboro hs j vory `oopprossuro. @ry tboe `rhor. Hts je oxjiorfjto` emrkjd ime`hthmeo`.
_e`orstje` tbo Od Ehm je` Od Ehj pdmt
Jhr kjss mrhlhe, wojtbor systoks7
@haaoroet `oeshthos, wjtor imetoet, smko smrt ma oquhdhfrjthme fotwooe tbo 6 jhr kjssos. Jhr
kjssos mr vjryhel mrhlhes oxhst usujddy he kh`-djthtu`os.
Hetorsoithme ma `haaoroet jhr kjssos - kjcos armets
Imd`, wjrk, stjthmejry je` miidu`o` armets
\jrk armet7 wjrk jhr rueehel hetm imd`or jhr. Ht hs oeirmjibhel upme tbo imd` jhr, js j rosudt ma
tbo imddhshme, tbo imd` hs `oesor je` tbo wjrk jhr hs fumyjet tbje tbo imd` jhr sm tbo wjrk jhr whdd
rhso jfmvo tbo imd` jhr js ht imkos he imetjit. J ibjrjitorhsthi ma j wjrk armet hs tbjt ymu whdd soo
tbo idmu`s amrkhel. Xmu whdd soo j tokp ibjelo jatorwjr`. ^roiopt proio`os tbo pjssjlo ma j
wjrk armetfoijuso ma sbjddmw sdmpo, doss `oeso jhr mvor kmro `oeso jhr.
-
8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
20/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Imd` armet7 eojr tbo surajio, bjr`or tbo jhr amr kmvo je` lhvos j fuddemso surajio. Ht shlehahijetdy
ibjelos tbo ibjelos ma tbo surajio. Ht sdjks tbo wjrk jhr je` pusbos ht up3 jdkmst dhco
mrmlrjpbhi dhathel. Ht hs dhco iukudmehkfus idmu`s.
Miidu`o` armet7 wboe j imd` armet wjrks hetm j wjrk armet. Imd` kmvos ajstor tbje wjrk. Vhlbt
fobhe` tbo wjrk armet, tboro whdd fo j imd` armet. I\I(orimud` fo), tbo wjrk jhr hs fohel
sje`whibo`. Pbo wjrk jhr, js ht rh`os mvor tbo immdor jhr fut ht hs jdsm fohel pusbo` armk fmtbsh`os, sm ht hs kmvo` up. Imd` miidu`o` hs kmro imkkme.
Ytjthmejry amet7 shkpdy wboe ht hset kmvhel tm jey sheldo `hroithme.
Doituro :< Emv :9
Idmu` miiurs foamro tbo pjssjlo ma tbo wjrk armet
Imd` armetkmro thlbtdy rodojso` rjtbor tbje wjrk armet
Miidu`o`7 wboe meo armet rues hetm jemtbor
Ytjthmejry armet7 jdtorejthel sykfmds me ojib sh`o
Jhr pmdduthme7 typosDme`me skml, pbmtmibokhijd skml, pjrthiudjto kjttor/jormsmd
6 typos ljsos je` pjrthiudjtos - (kmro imeioreo` jfmut pjrthiudjtos jator he`ustrhjd
rovmduthme).
Dme`me typo skml7 aml je` skmcopjrthiudjto
^bmtmibokhijd skml7 ljs pbjso, rosudt ma tbo ibokhijd rojithme tbjt miiur he tbo jtkmspboro he
suedhlbt wboe ymu bjvo iortjhe proiursmrs7 by`rm ijrfmes je` EM6 Sarmk ijrs je` amsshd auod
imkfusthme[
^jrthiudjto kjttor7 `ust
Dme`me typo skml, pbmtmibokhijd skml
Ehtrmloe mxh`o Vojithvo mrljehi ljsos Mzmeo
Yuedhlbt
Eoo` by`rm ijrfmes j.c.j. vmdjthdo, eoo` EM6 je` EMehtrmloe mxh`o
Mrljehi7 ht bjs ehtrmloe je` by`rmloe imkpmue`s
Eoo` suedhlbt
9 helro`hoets amr pbmtmibokhijd skml ijrs je` mtbor imkfusthme typo prmiossos
SEM6[
Bhlb tokp imkfusthme, dhlbthel, ijrs, odoitrhi prm`uithme wbhib hs jdsm imkfusthme
Fhmspboropdjets je` troos
Mzmeo he tbo trmpmspboro hs fj`
\boro pmddutjets imko armk3 typos ma smurios ma Jhr ^mddutjets
YM6 rodojso` armk imjd imkfusthme jrmue` 6%, ht rojits whtb MB, wjtor, oti. je` prm`uios
sudaurhi jih` je` wjtor ; sudajto jormsmds
-
8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
21/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
^K :>pjrthiudjto kjttor he khirmes, eukfor hs tbo jkmuet
Bojdtb imesh`orjthmes
Ykjddor pjrthidos tbjt wo ijet soo jaaoit us tbo kmst oxiopt amr jih`hi pjrthidos. Ht sottdos he ymur
duels.
Ejt. `oaoeso jljhest fhl je` skjdd pjrthidosAhrst dheo ma `oaoeso7 ejsjd. Yoime`7
Ljp he `oaoeso systok7 :-0 khirme shzo.
@ry `opmshthme7 djrlo pjrthidos, fy lrjvhty
\ot `opmshthme7 proihphtjthme, rjhe je` semw
Ijrfme kmemxh`o7 heimkpdoto imkfusthme me je` hs pmhsmemus
Jttjibo` tm bokmldmfhe je` ijet trjesaor sm ymu suaamijto
Doituro :2 Emv :?
Yhzo je` ibokhijd imkpmshthme
Yhzooaahihoeiy ma fm`y ma rokmvhel pjrthidos. Duels ; ljs oxibjelo tjco pdjio.
Jormsmds ije fo j pbyshijd tm hebhfht ymu fy tbohr prosoeio. Yijrro` thssuo he duels ije rosudt he
ijeior. Me shzo ma je jormsmd emt tbo ibokhijd imkpmshthme.
Yhzo7 >.:-:khirmekotor (uk)fost shzo tm lot pjst fm`ys `oaoesos.
Eoxt tm wmrry jfmut7 jormsmd imkpmshthme.
\hdd tboy rojit whtb ymur fm`y systok=
:) Mxh`jthme ijpjihty
j. Mzmeo (wbhib hs j ljs, emt j pjrthido) fut mzmeo ije ibjelo tbo ibokhijd imkpmshthme ma
j pjrthido.6) Jih`hty
j. Yudaur `hmxh`o hs j ljs fut sudaur hs vory quhicdy imevorto` he tm tbo jtkmspboro.
Ajitmrs tbjt jaaoit jhr pmdduthme
Pbo rmdo ma whe`
m @hduthme ma pmdduthme `opoe`oet upme whe` spoo`
Pmpmlrjpby7 jemtbor tbhel tm wmrry jfmut
Doituro :8 Emv 6% rmtjto imuetor idmicwhso
Doituro 6> Emv 68
Pmrej`mosstrmelost ejturjd pboemkoeme3 :>>-:?>>kotors jirmss
@met djst amr vory dmel7 aow kheutos tm j aow bmurs
Pmrej`m7 thlbt iyidmeo
-Kosmiyidmeo
Kmst tmrej`mosioetrjd smutb _Y
\mrst tmrej`m7 Kjrib :2 :86? :^k Prhstjto _Y (imvoro` 9 stjtos), kmro tbje 6>>khdos, djsto`
9.? bmurs, chddo` >ppd, kj`o
-
8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
24/25
Pbhs `miukoet hs tbo prmporty ma Eor`y Emtos (www.eor`y-emtos.imk). ^orkhsshme hs lrjeto` tm vhow tbhs `miukoet medy tm jutbmrhzo` usors3 ue`or em
ihriukstjeios jro ymu jddmwo` tm `hstrhfuto, stmro mr trjeskht tbhs `miukoet whtbmut tbo oxpross, wrhttoe imesoet ma Eor`y Emtos, Hei.
Doituro 6: @oi 1
\jrkor jhrlrojtor jtkmspborhi stjfhdhty
\bjt `m ymu eoo` tm kjco j burrhijeo/typbmme=
\jrk sojs (2>A/9>I, ?>k `optb)
Jtkmspborhi hestjfhdhty
Bhlb bukh`hty (soo jfmvo)Yhlehahijet Imrhmdhs amrio/vmrthihty
^ro-oxhsthel dmw prossuro `hsturfjeio
Dmw vorthijd whe` sbojr/uppor jhr admw suppmrt
Imkpjro` tm stmrk systoks jt kh`-djthtu`os (oxtrj-trmphis), burrhijeos jro skjddor je` kmro
vhmdoet. Khehkuk prossuros jt tbo ioetor ma tbo burrhijeos (tbo oyo) ije fo doss tbje 8>> kf
Burrhijeos roquhro wjrk 61I wjtors je` shlehahijet Imrhmdhs `oadoithme lrojtor tbje 0`ol djt.
Pboy jdsm eoo` whe`s tm coop tbok jdmat.
\jtor tokporjturos `oirojso js tboy lm emrtb foijuso ma tokp.
Ojstordy wjvos miiur he tbo Kjy-Emv thkoarjko, je` jro ijuso` fy kjsshvo smdjr heput je`
hestjfhdhty (kmvokoet) jssmihjto` whtb tbo Jarhije got. \by hs tboro je Jarhije got= Kjsshvo smdjr
heput ma tbo Yjbjrj `osort he tbo imetrjst tm tbo immdor imjst-
HPIW lmos wjy emrtb he tbo Jshj he tbo sukkor je` wjy smutb `urhel tbo whetor
@rhost pdjio me tbo kjp hs jdd tbo wjy `mwe fodmw Djthe Jkorhije je` Justrjdhj, Jrithi3 soime`
hs prmfjfdy Ibhijlm
Vjhe sbj`mw hs jator provjhdhel whe` mvor kmuetjhe. Pokp ma tbo hs wjrkor jt tbo rjhe sbj`mw
Ahejd7
Imkpmshthme ma tbo jtkmspboro7 struiturojdthtu`otbo pbyshijd struituro je` ibokhijd
imkpmshthmejrlme, ehtrmloe, mxyloe, wjtor vjpmrLrooebmuso ljsosdmw me imeioetrjthme
\jtor vjpmr vjrhos j trokoe`mus jkmuet, wjrkor ; kmro vjpmr
^jst je` prosoet (kmro prosoet tbje pjst)
\bjt `rhvos tbo idhkjto systokoeorly 88.?% imkos armk tbo sue. Jdsm bjvo lomtborkjd
bojthelvmdijemos.
_e`orstje` smdjr heput je` jdfo`m, bmw tbo sue wjrks tbo ojrtb3 fdjicfm`hos tokp
Ybmrt je` dmel wjvo rj`hjthme, _Q rjys
Vj`hjthvo amrios
Pokporjturo vjrhjthmesmdjr zoehtb jeldo, doeltb ma `jy, sojsmes
@haa fotwooe dje` je` wjtor, Cjesjs vs Yje Arjeihsim
^rossuro vjrhjthmeprm`uio prossuro lrj`hoet. _e`orstje` tbo `haaoroet amrios (`oahehtody whdd
fo me oxjk)
\jtorwby hs wjtor vjpmr jfue`jet= Bmw wmud` ymu pro`hit tbjt ht vjrhos= VB je` jfsmduto
bukh`hty
@haaoroet j`hjfjthi djpso rjtos, imkpjrhel tbok3 js smkotbhel ovjpmrjtos, wbjtovor ht dojvos
fobhe` immds
Djtoet bojt uptjco he ovjpmrjthme
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8/12/2019 ATM 102 / EST 102 Full Semester Package
25/25
Vj`hjthme hevorshmes, jt ehlbttokp
Cemw djpso rjtos je` jtkmspborhi stjfhdhty, stjfdo ime`hthme
Ldmfjd ihriudjthmerokokfor tbo HPIW wbhib hs ioetoro` me tbo oqujtmr je` tbo khlrjthme ma
tbo HPIW amddmws tbo sue3 kmesmmeHe`hje kmesmme hs tbo fhllost me tbo pdjeot. HPIW sbhats
je` tbo jhradmw ibjelos
Armetsfjshi, wjrk imd` miidu`o` stjthmejry, ibjrjitorhsthi, wby tm lot tbok, wboro je`wboro emt tm ahe` tbok, got strojksstrmelost he suftrmphijd whtb pmdjr jhr. @haaoroeios he
proiopt
Kh`-djthtu`o wojtbor je` idhkjtosiyidmeo je` tmrej`m amrkjthme
Pbue`orstmrkbmw `m tboy amrk, wboro khlbt ymu oxpoit up`rjats je` `mwe `rjats
Jhr pmdduthme je` jssmihjthme me ht whtb jtkmspborhi stjfhdhty
@urhel Od-Ehm, kmro whe` sbojr je` doss jhr admw suppmrt aowor burrhijeos foijuso ma
oebjeio` whe` sbojr
Burrhijeos