attachments and movements muscles. muscles of shoulder girdle trapezius rhomboids serratus anterior...
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MUSCLES OF SHOULDER GIRDLE
• Trapezius• Rhomboids• Serratus Anterior• Levator Scapulae• Pectoralis Minor
TRAPEZIUS
• Proximal Attachments: Occipital Bone, Ligamentus Nuchae, Thoracic Vertebrae• Distal Attachments: Spine of Scapula, Distal
posterior 1/3 of the scapula.• Movements: Elevation, Retraction, Depression,
Upward Rotation
RHOMBOIDS
• Proximal Attachment- c7-t5 of vertebrae• Distal Attachment- Vertebral (Medial Border of the
scapula.
• Movements: elevation, retraction, downward rotation.
SERRATUS ANTERIOR
• Proximal Attachment- the top of the back surface of the top nine ribs.• Distal Attachment- Vertebral Border of the
scapula on the underside
• Movements- upward rotation, protraction
LEVATOR SCAPULAE
• Proximal Attachment- Transverse Process of the top 4 cervical vertebrae.• Distal Attachment- Superior angle of the scapula
• Movements- Elevation of scapula, lateral flexion of the neck
PECTORALIS MINOR
• Proximal Attachment- 3-5th rib• Distal Attachment- corocoid process
• Movements depression, downward rotation, protraction
MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER JOINT(GLENOHUMERAL JOINT)
• Anterior Deltoid• Medial Deltoid• Posterior Deltoid• Pectoralis Major• Latissimus Dorsi• Teres Major• Rotator Cuff Muscles• InfraSpinatus• SupraSpinatus• Subscapularis• Teres Minor
ANTERIOR DELTOID
• Proximal Attachment-distal anterior 1/3 of the clavicle• Distal Attachment- deltoid tuberosity (humerus)
• Movements: flexion, inward rotation, minor in horizontal adduction
POSTERIOR DELTOID
• Proximal Attachment- spine of scapula• Distal Attachment- deltoid tuberosity
• Movements: outward rotation, extension, horizontal abduction
MEDIAL DELTOID
• Proximal Attachment- acromion process• Distal Attachment- deltoid tuberosity
• Movements: abduction
PECTORALIS MAJOR
• Proximal Attachments- sternum, clavicle • Distal Attachment- bicepital groove (humerus)
• Movements: horizontal adduction, inward rotation, flexion.
LATISSIMUS DORSI
• Proximal Attachment- crest of ilium via lumbosacral fascia, lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, all of lumbar vertebrae• Distal Attachment- bicepital groove (humerus)
• Movements: extension, inward rotation, adduction
TERES MAJOR
• Proximal Attachment- inferior angle of the scapula• Distal Attachment- bicepital groove (humerus)
• Movements: extension, inward rotation, adduction
INFRASPINATUS (ROT.CUF.)
• Proximal Attachment- infraspinus fossa• Distal Attachment- greater tubericle
• Movements: outward rotation, horizontal abduction
SUPRASPINATUS (ROT.CUF.)
• Proximal Attachment- supraspinus fossa• Distal Attachment- top of the greater tubericle
• Movements: abduction
SUBSCAPULARIS (ROT.CUF.)
• Proximal Attachment- subscapular fossa• Distal Attachment- lesser tubericle
• Movements: medial rotation, horizontal adduction
TERES MINOR (ROT.CUF.)
• Proximal Attachment- axillary (lateral) border of the scapula• Distal Attachment- greater tubericle
• Movements: outward rotation, horizontal abduction
TRICEPS
• Proximal Attachment: (long head) underneath glenoid fossa, (lateral head) back of the humerus about an inch below the head of the humerus, back surface of the humerus.• Distal Attachment: ulecranon process
• Movements: Elbow extension
BICEPS
• Proximal Attachment: On top of the glenoid fossa, corocoid process• Distal Attachment: radial tuberosity
• Movements: Elbow flexion, forearm supination
BRACHIALIS
• Proximal Attachment: distal anterior 2/3 of the humerus• Distal Attachment: coronoid process (ulna)
• Movements: Elbow flexion,
BRACHIORADIALIS
• Proximal Attachment: supracondylar ridge of humerus• Distal Attachment: styloid process of the radius
• Movements: elbow flexion, forearm pronation
WRIST FLEXORS
• Proximal Attachment: Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus• Distal Attachment: Carpals, and Metacarpals
(Palm side)
• Movements: Wrist flexion
WRIST EXTENSORS
• Proximal Attachment: lateral epicondyle of the humerus• Distal Attachment: dorsal surface of the carpals
and metacarpals.
• Movements: wrist extension, and wrist hyperextension
MUSCLES OF THE HIP
• Sartorius• Rectus Femoris• Psoas• Illiacus• Tensor Fascia Latae• Gluteus Maximus• Gluteus Medius• Gluteus Minimus• Hip Adductor Muscles
SARTORIUS
• Proximal Attachment: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine• Distal Attachment: Tibial Tuberosity
• Movements: Hip Flexion, Knee Flexion, Outward rotation, Abduction
RECTUS FEMORIS
• Proximal Attachment: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine• Distal Attachment: Tibial Tuberosity
• Movements: Hip Flexion, Knee Extension
PSOAS
• Proximal Attachment: Anterior portion of all Lumbar Vertebrae• Distal Attachment: Lesser Trochanter of the Femur
• Movements: Hip Flexion, Outward Rotation
ILIACUS
• Proximal Attachment: Inside of the Ilium • Distal Attachment: Lesser trochanter of the Femur
• Movements: Hip flexion, outward rotation, adduction
TENSOR FASCIA LATAE
• Proximal Attachment: Behind the Anterior Superior Iliac Spine• Distal Attachment: Lateral Tibia via the IT band
• Movements: Stabilizes the IT Tract, Assists in Hip flexion and inward rotation.
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
• Proximal Attachment: Crest of the Ilium, Lumbo- sacral fascia, Sacrum• Distal Attachment: Greater Trochanter of the
Femur, IT Tract
• Movements: Hip Extension, Outward Rotation
GLUTEUS MEDIUS
• Proximal Attachment: Crest of Ilium, Outside Fossa of the Ilium. • Distal Attachment: Anterior Portion of the Greater
Trochanter
• Movements: Abduction, Inward Rotation
GLUTEUS MINIMUS
• Proximal Attachment: Same as Medius• Distal Attachment: Same as Medius
• Movements: Abduction, inward rotation.
HIP ADDUCTORS
• Proximal Attachment: Inferior Ramus• Distal Attachment: Lineaspera of the Femur
• Movements: Adduction, Outward Rotation.
MUSCLES OF THE KNEE
• Vastus Lateralis• Vastus Medialis• Vastus Intermedius• Semitendinosis• Semimembranosis• Biceps Femoris• Gastrocnemius• Soleus• Anterior Tibialis
VASTUS LATERALIS
• Proximal Attachment: linea aspera• Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity
• Movements: knee extension
VASTUS MEDIALIS
• Proximal Attachment: linea aspera• Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity
• Movements: knee extension
VASTUS INTERMEDIUS
• Proximal Attachment: upper anterior 2/3 of femur• Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity
• Movements: knee extension
SEMIMEMBRANOSIS
• Proximal Attachment: Ishial Tuberosity• Distal Attachment: Medial portion of tibial
tuberosity (same as the sartorius)
• Movements: Knee Flexion, hip extension, medial rotation
SEMITENDINOSIS
• Proximal Attachment: Ishial Tuberosity• Distal Attachment: Medial tibia tuberosity
• Movements: knee flexion, hip extension, medial rotation.
BICEPS FEMORIS
• Proximal Attachment: Long Head- Ishial Tuberosity, Short Head- Linea aspera• Distal Attachment: Tibia, and lateral fibula
• Movements: knee flexion, hip extension,
GASTROCNEMIUS
• Proximal Attachment: back of femur (condyles of the knee)• Distal Attachment: Calcaneus
• Movements: Plantarflexion, assists in knee flexion
SOLEUS
• Proximal Attachment: Posterior tibia and fibula• Distal Attachment: calcaneus• (underneath the gastrocnemius• Movements: plantar flexion
ANTERIOR TIBIALIS
• Proximal Attachment: lateral tibia• Distal Attachment: top of the 1st metatarsal
• Movements: dorsiflexion, inversion
ERECTOR SPINAE
• Proximal Attachment: spinus and vertebral processes of the vertebrae• Distal Attachment: “ “, lumbosacral fascia
• Movements: extension and hyperextension of the spine.
ABDOMINUS RECTUS
• Proximal Attachment: pelvis• Distal Attachment: costal cartilage of 5-7 ribs
• Movements: flexion, lateral flexion
INTERNAL OBLIQUES
• Proximal Attachment: linea alba, lower 4 ribs• Distal Attachment: crest of the ilium, lumbosacral
fascia, ingual ligament
• Movements: rotation, flexion, lateral flexion