außenliegende wand- und lufttemperierung „lowex-anwendung ... · lexu ii „low exergy wall...
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LEXU II„Low Exergy Wall & Air Tempering for Building Refurbishment“
TRNSYS Experience Seminar 2018
M.Eng. Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH, Saarbrücken
External doctoral student at the University of Luxembourg
Belval (Luxembourg) 20.04.2018
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LEXU II:
Motivation, contents und work packages
Research project LEXU IIExternal wall tempering
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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LEXU II:
Research project LEXU IIExternal wall tempering
Motivation, contents und work packages
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Outlying/external wall tempering (aWT): special case of TABS
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LEXU II:
Existing wallU-value > 1 W/m²K
Insi
de
Acitv
eLa
yer
insulation
Out
side
1) Installation of panelheating/tempering „from the outside“
2) Installation of an ETICS (WDVS)
Position of the panel heating:Inside of the thermal envelope of thebuilding, outside of the existing wall, in front of the ETICS
Panel heating for existing buildings & thermal acitvation for the existing buildingstructure
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Details:„Außenliegende Wandtemperierung“ – LowEx-Anwendung zur Temperierung von Bestandsgebäuden und thermischen Aktivierung der Bestandswand: Theoretische Grundlagen und Kennwerte; Schmidt, C., Altgeld, Luther, Maas, Scholzen.; in Bauphysik 39 (2017), Heft 4, S.215-223
Advantages and disadvantages of the aWT
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LEXU II:
Advantages:Thermal bridges / building damages
Heating and cooling possibleIncrease of the inner surfacetemperature thermal comfortUsage of very low fluid temperatures LowExThermal acitvation of the existingbuilding structure storageRefurbishmant „from the outside“(without impairment for theinhabitants) minimally invasive
Disadvantages:Additional heat losses Efficiency of the aWTSlow heating system. Focus: control strategies „base load heating“
„New“ on-site build system:„new“ and many interfaces„new“ and many sources of error
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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LEXU II:
Research project LEXU IIExternal air tempering
Motivation, contents und work packages
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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LEXU II:
Motivation, contents and work packages
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Research project LEXU IIExternal air tempering
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InsideOutside
External air tempering (aLT)
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LEXU II:
1) Existing wall2) Active Layer3) Air Gap4) ETICS5) Air inlet (hatch/filter)6) Air outlet (hatch/filter)7) Fan (Rohreinschub-)
Fresh air
Supply air
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
1234
5
6
7
External air tempering (aLT)
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LEXU II:
Exemplary comparison aWT – aLT (referred to 20°C room temperature):
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Hea
tflu
x[W
/m²]
Heating overtemperature [K]
Qi_aLH Qi_aWH Qa_aLH Qa_aWH Qw_aLH Qw_aWH
Results generated with TRNSYS 17TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
QL
Energetic advantages:- The aLT (air) is like an additional heat transfersurface within the wall structure- The efficiency can be increased by reducing thelosses over the thermal insulation layer- The importance of ventilation increases by anenergetic refurbishment (higher tightness of thethermal envelope). By an combination of aWT &aLT the heat load can be complete covered
Positive control effects:The slow adjustable aWT will be ideally orperfectly complemented by the quicklyadjustable aLT.
Base Load + Peak Load possible.
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Modeling of the aLT in TRNSYS Energetic examination and futher simulations
(fluid dynamics simulation in ANSYS)
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
3
Room
Out
side
TLuf t,OUT
TSE,LK TSI ,LKTSE,W A TSI ,W A
mLuft,OUT
mLuft,IN
TLuft,IN
QIQA
QL
QW
Exterior wall construction Interior
Modeling of the aLT in TRNSYS: Two possibilities
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Conclusion:Similar simulations results to Type 1230 and to themeasurement results from the test wall; BUT very high input effort (up to 128 airnodes) and high error rate (lots of linkings) no further considerations
Multi-zone (airnode) approach in Type 56 Type 1230: Ventilated Facade (TESS)
Conclusion:Less input effort. Division of the thermal envelope between Type 56 and Type 1230. Tricky linking beetween Type 1230 and Type 56
TANn
Bachelor-Thesis: Modellierung einer außenliegenden Luftheizung mit Hilfe der Software TRNSYS…, Daniel Schmidt, htw saar, 2013
Out
side
Exterior part of the external wall
Air Gap
Resi
stiv
e La
yer
Tgap,i
Linking
Interior part of the external wall
TSO
Type1230 Type 56
Linking between Type 1230 und Type 56
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
TRNBuild: Zone XY / Airnode XY
Out
side
Exterior part of the external wall
Air Gap
Resi
stiv
e La
yer
Tgap,i
Linking
Interior part of the external wall
TSO
Type1230 Type 56
Linking between Type 1230 und Type 56
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
TRNBuild: Output Manager (Ntype 18)
Linking between Type 1230 und Type 56
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Simulation Studio
Linking between Type 1230 und Type 56
Definition of the resistive layer
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Inverse
TRNBuild: Wall Type Manager
Type 1230: Parameter
Linking between Type 1230 und Type 56 (for the aLT)
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Type 1230: Output TRNBuild: Ventilation Type Manager
Verification of Type 1230
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Comparison of an external wall with air layer (non ventilated) in Type 56 and Type 1230 + Type 56
S1 S2 S3
TSITSO
QSIQSO
Umge
bung
S4 S5
Type 56
Um
gebu
ng
S1 S2 S3.1
Verknüpfung QSIQSO
TSO TSI
S3.2 S4 S5
Type1230 Type 56
Verification of Type 1230Stationary conditionsTransient conditionsWith/without irradiationVariation of the thickness of the air gap
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
0,1
0,11
0,12
0,13
0,14
0,15
0,16
0,17
0,18
0,19
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100110120130140150
Ther
mal
Res
ista
nce
ofth
eai
rgap
R [m
²K/W
]
Thickness of air gap [mm]
Quelle: Recknagel/Sprenger, 07/08
Model Tsi[°C]
Tso[°C]
Qsi[W]
Qso[W]
Type 56 19,28 0,162 3,54 3,54Type 56+ Type 1230 19,29 0,159 3,49 3,49
Summary:Differences <2% could be determined across all simulations and variations.
Laboratory wall / test bench of the aLT
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Nr. Description Thickness1 Wood-fiberboard 18 mm2 Insulation (Polystyrene) 160 mm3 Wood-fiberboard 10 mm4 Capillary tubes: acitve layer 10 mm5 Air gap 20 mm6 Insulation (Polystyrene) 160 mm7 Wood-fiberboard 18 mm
3
SurroundingSurrounding
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Laboratory wall / test bench of the aLT
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Luftauslass
Lufteinl ass
Pt 100
Temp
Ausdehnungsgefäß
Befüllung
HAAKEF3-CH
Bypass
Pt 100
Pl atten-WT
Entlüftung
Testwand
Anzeige
p
m_pkt
Pt 100
Pt 100
Temp
Temp
aLT-Laborwand
V_pkt
TL,aus
TL,ein
TW,ein
TW,aus
VL
mW
Measuring points:- TL,ein: Inlet temperature „air“ [°C]- TL,aus: Outlet temperatur „air“ [°C]- TW,ein: Inlet temperature „water“ [°C]- TW,aus: Outlet temperature „water“ [°C]- VL: volume flow air [m³/s]- mW: mass flow water [kg/min]
Laboratory wall / test bench of the aLT
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Validation of Type 1230Comparison between measured data and simulation resultsDetailed evaluation and validation just in progress (>40 test series) Paper BauSim 2018, Karlsruhe (?)
Documentation of a first validation for the aWT & aLT:LEXU II – Einsatz von aussenliegender Wandtemperierung bei der Gebäudesanierung; Schmidt, C., Altgeld, Groß, Luther, Schmidt,
D.; Proceedings of CESBP/BauSim 2016, Dresden
92,0%
94,0%
96,0%
98,0%
100,0%
102,0%
104,0%
106,0%
1 2 3 4 5
QWasser QLuft
First Conclusion:Good accordance of the measured data and the simulation results; differences ~5%
Building C 3.1 on the campus of „ Universität des Saarlandes“Year of construction: 1969
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LEXU II: Demonstrator
Western frontageHeight: ~15 mWidth: ~13,5 mArea: ~200 m²0,36 m ferroconcrete (Stahlbeton)
Quelle: Google Maps, 2017
N
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Detailed planning of the facadeIdea: room-by-room control aWT + field test area aWT & aLT
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LEXU II: Demonstrator
Field testaLT
Field test aWT
Kapillarrohrmatte „Optimat SB 20“Hersteller: Clina, BerlinStammrohr: 20 x 2 mmKapillarrohr 4,3 x 0,8 mmAbstand A: 20 mmLänge: 60-600 mmBreite: ab 150 mm Fertigung der Matten passend für die Fassade
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Realization
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LEXU II: Demonstrator
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Final step „Modeling of the aLT“: Validation of Type 1230 by a comparison withmeasured data from the field test area
Hydraulic diagram „Demonstrator“
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LEXU II: Demonstrator
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
1 2
4
3
5
6
8 7
Eisspeicher
Pufferspeicher
PVT-KollektorMehrere Heizkreise
„aWT/aLT“
Wärmepumpe
WT3 WT2
WT1
Ice Storage
Heat pump
Buffer storage
PVT-Collector Facade
To Do: Modeling the componentsin TRNSYS and validation
Many thanks to the funding authority, our project partner and supporters!Project management Project partner
WIDAG GbRDr. Gerhard Luther
Funding
Referat FM:Facility Management
Supporter
HGE Ingenieur GmbH
Contact: IZES gGmbH, Altenkesseler Str. 17,Geb. A1, D-66115 Saarbrücken,Tel: 0681-844972-46, Mail: [email protected], www.projekt-lexu.de