SUBMITTED TO:AR. DEEPSHIKA JINDAL

SUBMITTED BY:SASHANK ARORANITIN THAKRAL

AUGUSTUS WELBY NORTHMORE PUGIN

HE WAS A ENGLISH ARCHITECT AND DESIGNER.

BORN : 1 MARCH, 1812 AT KEPPEL STREET, BLOOMSBURY, LONDON.

DIED : 14 SEPTEMBER, 1852 RAMSGATE, KENT ENGLAND.

BUILDINGS : PALACE OF WESTMINISTER DESIGN : MANY VICTORIAN CHURCHES.

HE WAS ALSO ARTIST AND CRITIC, CHIEFLY REMEMBERED FOR HIS PIONEERING ROLE IN THE GOTHIC REVIVAL STYLE.

HE CAME TO ENGLAND DURING FRENCH REVOLUTION.

INFLUENCED GREATLY IN HIS EARLY YEARS BY ALL OVER EUROPE.

Overview

Career

•HE PUBLISHED A BOOK IN 1836 CALLED CONTRASTS, COMPARING HIS CURRENT ERA’S ARCHITECTURE TO BUILDINGS ERECTED IN THE 15TH CENTURY, ARGUING THAT A GOTHIC REVIVAL MUST OCCUR. HIS LOVE FOR GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE WAS CLEAR AND CAN BE SEEN IN JUST ABOUT ALL HIS WORK.•HE DESIGNED THE ST CHADS CHURCH IN BURNINGHAM AS WELL AS THE ST MARRYS CHURCH IN DARBY. THESE WERE HEAVILY INFLUENCED BY A TRIP TO SEE THE GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE IN BELGIUM IN HIS EARLY CHILDHOOD.•HE ALSO DESIGNED X-CROSS CHAIRS. OCTAGONAL TABLES. VARIOUS INTERIOR DESIGNS.

Pugin’s Principles

PUGIN’S FAMILY HOME – “THE GRANGE”, RAMSGATE, KENT

A REACTION AGAINST THE GEORGIAN STYLE.

THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE GEORGIAN ERA (1714-1830) HAD FOR THE PAST CENTURY PLACED MORE IMPORTANCE ON CRAFTING HEAVILY ORDERED, SYMMETRICAL FACADES WHILE GIVING LITTLE CONSIDERATION TO HOW PEOPLE WERE TO LIVE WITHIN THESE BUILDINGS. EXTERIOR AESTHETICS WERE CONSIDERED MORE IMPORTANT THAN INTERNAL FUNCTION.

Pugin’s Principles

DESIGNING BUILDINGS FROM THE INSIDE OUT – FORM FOLLOWING FUNCTION

PUGIN REACTED AGAINST THE GEORGIAN STYLE BY CHOOSING TO DESIGN HIS FAMILY HOME FROM THE INSIDE OUT. HE WANTED TO MAKE THE INTERIOR AS COMFORTABLE AND PRACTICAL AS POSSIBLE FOR HIS FAMILY TO LIVE IN. ROOMS WERE ARRANGED IN A “PINWHEEL” FORMATION AROUND A CENTRAL HALLWAY TO ENSURE EASY ACCESS TO ALL AREAS. WINDOWS AND ROOM PLACEMENT WERE ALSO MADE TO SPECIFICALLY ENJOY THE EXTERIOR VIEWS OF THE SEA AND THE NEARBY MONASTERY.

THIS PRACTICAL, FUNCTIONAL MODE OF DESIGN WAS CONSIDERED REVOLUTIONARY AT THE TIME, BUT IS NOW TYPICAL TO THE MODERN FAMILY HOME AND BUILDING DESIGN IN GENERAL.

Pugin’s Principles

“THE GRANGE” INTERIORENTIRELY DESIGNED BY PUGIN.

- FURNITURE- LIGHTING- WALLPAPER- TILING- HINGES AND DOOR KNOBS

Pugin’s Principles

PUGIN’S PRINCIPLE OF “HONEST DESIGN”

CELEBRATING HOW THINGS ARE CONSTRUCTED:

PUGIN BELIEVED IN REVEALING CONSTRUCTION WITHIN HIS DESIGNS. TO TRY AND CONCEAL OR ERASE THE WAY THINGS HAVE BEEN CRAFTED WAS SOMETHING HE CONSIDERED UNTRUTHFUL AND UN-CHRISTIAN. THE THINGS THAT HOLD AN OBJECT TOGETHER ARE WHAT MAKE IT FUNCTIONAL AND SO SHOULD BE A CELEBRATED FEATURE RATHER THAN SOMETHING SHAMEFUL AND UGLY.

Pugin’s Principles

PUGIN’S PRINCIPLE OF “HONEST DESIGN”

THINGS MUST HAVE A FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE IN ORDER TO BE HONEST.

PUGIN DISLIKED DECORATION FOR THE SAKE OF BEING DECORATIVE OR ANYTHING THAT GAVE THE FALSE ILLUSION OF BEING FUNCTIONAL.

EG: EASTNOR CASTLE SITTING ROOM. PUGIN DECORATED THIS ROOM WITH HIS FURNITURE BUT DISLIKED THE ROOM ITSELF. THE FANCIFUL COLUMNS THAT ONLY PRETEND TO HOLD THE CEILING UP ARE A FAKE, DISHONEST DESIGN FEATURE.

Pugin’s Works

GRANGE , RAMSGATE :

oTHIS WAS PUGIN OWN HOUSE.

oTHE GRANGE IN RAMSGATE, KENT ON THE COAST IN SOUTHERN ENGLAND WAS THE HOME OF THE VICTORIAN ARCHITECT AND DESIGNER AUGUSTUS PUGIN.

oIT WAS DESIGNED IN VICTORIAN GOTHIC STYLE.

oBUILT IN 1843-44 BY BUILDER GEORGE MYERS.

oINTERIOR OF HOUSE WAS FINALLY COMPLETED IN 1850.

Pugin’s Works

oIT IS BUILT FROM THE INSIDE OUT IN THE SENSE THAT THE LAYOUT OF THE ROOMS WAS CONSIDERED BEFORE THE OUTSIDE OF THE BUILDING.

oTHIS IS IN CONTRAST TO THE GEORGIAN STYLE.

Pugin’s Works

ST. GILES CATHOLIC CHURCH :

o IT WAS CHEADLE IN BUILT-IN 1841.

oIT IS ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE TOWER OF CHEADLE, STAFFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND.

o THE GRADE I LISTED CHURCH.

oIT WAS VASTLY DIFFERENT IN CONCEPTAND DESIGN FROM THE MEAN-LOOKING CHAPELS SUCH AS THE CONVERTE ARMERY IN CHEADLY IN WHICH CATHOLIC WERE ACCUSTOMED TO WORSHIP UNDER THE TOLERATION ACT; DIFFERENT TOO FROM THE FASHIONABLE CITY CHAPELS.

Pugin’s Works

o THE CHURCH WAS ALIGNED IN SUCH A WAY TO OBTAIN THE BEST POSSIBLE EFFECT FROM THE STREET.

o THIS MEANT MODIFYING THE TRADITIONAL EAST-WEST ALIGNMENT AND PLACING THE WEST END CLOSE TO THE FRONTAGE OF BACK STREET.

o INTERIOR IS RICH WITH CARVINGS & METAL WORK.

o EACH PILLAR HAS A DIFFERING PATTERNING, AND THERE ARE COLOURFUL AND ORNATE TILES THROUGHOUT.

o ARCHES LEAD FROM THE NAVE TO THE CHAPELS, AND THE ROAD SCREEN IS HAND CARVED FROM OAK.

Bibliography – Text References

Text References:

• Fillask. (2012, September 9). Time Team Special 30 (2007) – Pugin the God of Gothic (Ramsgate, Kent) [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pHoh2cW6SDg

• The house Augustus Pugin built for himself to live in. Retrieved March 31, 2013, from http://www.landmarktrust.org.uk/our-landmarks/properties/the-grange-3253#tabs=1

• Style Guide: Palladianism. Retrieved April 2, 2013, from http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/s/style-guide-palladianism/

• Stanford, Caroline. Saving the Grange. Retrieved March 31, 2013, from http://www.buildingconservation.com/articles/grange/grange.htm

• Barry and Pugin: Architect and Designer. Retrieved April 9th 2013, from http://www.explore-parliament.net/nssMovies/07/0796/0796_.htm

• Hill, R. (2001) Pugin and Ruskin. The British Art Journal (pp. 39-45). London, England: Berger Collection Educational Trust

Bibliography – Image References

1. [Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin]. [Photo]. Received on March 30, 2013, from http://en.structurae.de/persons/data/index.cfm?id=d0058432. [Chartres Cathedral in Chartres, France]. [Photo]. Received on March 31, 2013, from http://architecture.about.com/od/greatbuildings/ig/Sacred-Buildings/Chartres-Cathedral.htm3. [St Albans RC Church. Macclesfield]. [Photo]. Received on April 1, 2013, from http://www.flickr.com/photos/15973774@N05/5743888653/ 4. [View from the southeast]. [Photo]. Received on April 1, 2013, from http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/england/london/parliament/barry.html5. [Throne]. [Photo]. Received on April 9, 2013, from http://www.explore-parliament.net/nssMovies/07/0796/0796_.htm6. . [Wallpaper from Westminster Palace]. [Photo]. Received on April 9, 2013, from http://www.explore-parliament.net/nssMovies/07/0796/0796_.htm7. [Another Wallpaper from Westminster Palace]. [Photo]. Received on April 9, 2013, from http://www.explore-parliament.net/nssMovies/07/0796/0796_.htm8. [x-frame chair]. [Photo]. Received on April 9, 2013, from http://www.explore-parliament.net/nssMovies/07/0796/0796_.htm

Bibliography – Image References

9.[Octogonal Table]. [Photo]. Received on April 9, 2013, from http://www.explore-parliament.net/nssMovies/07/0796/0796_.htm10. [Big Ben]. [Photo]. Received on April 9, 2013, fromhttp://www.visitlondon.com/things-to-do/sightseeing/tourist-attraction/big-ben11. [Thomas Rawlins Georgian Classical Villa and Domestic Architecture book cover]. [Print]. Retrieved April 10, 2013 from http://www.pottertonbookslondon.com/5952 12. [The Grange Floor Plan]. Retrieved April 1, 2013, from http://www.landmarktrust.org.uk/search-and-book/properties/grange-8160 13. [The Grange Exterior]. [Photo]. Retrieved April 1, 2013, from http://www.landmarktrust.org.uk/search-and-book/properties/grange-8160 14. [The Grange Drawing Room]. [Photo]. Retrieved April 1, 2013, from http://www.landmarktrust.org.uk/search-and-book/properties/grange-8160 15. Crowest, Richard. (2010). The wallpaper again, in autumn colours [Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.flickr.com/photos/12308967@N07/4983145289/ 16. The central hallway with its distinctive banisters. [Photo]. Retrieved March 31, 2013, from http://www.buildingconservation.com/articles/grange/grange.htm

Bibliography – Image References

17. The same wallpaper design, using the Pugin motto, is used in different colours throughout the house. [Photo]. Retrieved March 31, 2013, from http://www.mel-thompson.co.uk/Gallery%20Architecture.htm 18. Pugin Style Armchair Leather Seat & Back. [Photo]. Retrieved April 10, 2013, from http://www.1stdibs.com/furniture/seating/armchairs/pugin-style-armchair-leather-seat-back/id-f_581692/ 19. Pugin Style Armchair Leather Seat & Back [Nail Detailing Close Up]. [Photo]. Retrieved April 10, 2013, fromhttp://www.1stdibs.com/furniture/seating/armchairs/pugin-style-armchair-leather-seat-back/id-f_581692/ 20. English School. Eastnor Castle, Herefordshire: the drawing room, with furniture designed by Pugin, c.1840. Eastnor Castle, Herefordshire. Retrieved from http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/XB013448/Eastnor-Castle?img=1&search=Eastnor%20Castle&cat=all&bool=phrase