australian english
DESCRIPTION
Australian English. David González Planelles. Ana Pérez Torregrosa. Pablo Antón Escudero. Germán Asencio Antón. I n d e x. Brief History of Australian English Influences on Australian English Pronunciation & Spelling Grammar Vocabulary. Darwin. Northern Territory. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Australia
n EnglishPa
blo
Antón
Escu
dero
Germ
án Asencio
Antón
David G
onzále
z
Planelle
s
Ana P
érez
Torregrosa
1. Brief History of Australian English
2. Influences on Australian English
3. Pronunciation & Spelling
4. Grammar
5. Vocabulary
I n d e x
Western Australia
NorthernTerritory
South Australia
Queensland
Adelaide
Melbourne
Sydney
Victoria
Perth
Darwin
Brisbane
Canberra
HobartTasmania
New South Wales
Australian Capital
Territory (ACT)
ETIMOLOGY
1. Brief History of Australian English
• Latin “Australis” - Southern
• La Tierra Austral del Espíritu Santo - Pedro Fernandes de Queirós - House of Austria
• The original inhabitants: Aboriginal
tribes who arrived in Australia approx.
40,000 to 60,000 years ago.
• 2 main indigenous ethnicities of
Australia - Australian Aborigines and
Torres Strait Islander
• 1788 - British Settlement - Colony
of New South Wales - Captain
James Cook
• First Fleet (11 ships) – Botany Bay
(Sidney)
Australian Penal colonies (petty offences: larceny - Large number of Irish)
CONVICTS
First Speakers: the native-born children of the colony
• Children born in New South Wales
• Exposed to different dialects from all over the British Isles, (Ireland and South
East England)
1820 Recognition of Australian English as different from British English
1901 Federation of Australia - 6 British colonies formed 1 nation
English: no official status, but de facto official language and 1st language used
British English: 1850: 1st Australian Gold Rush
– Wave of immigration (2% of population of
UK – Irish convicts)
2. Influences on Australian English
Aboriginal languages: 27 language families
Torres Strait islands languages: Western-Central and Eastern
Names of places (cities, suburbs), flora, fauna. Ex: Canberra = meeting place
American English - introduction of words, spellings, terms and
usage• 19th c. Gold Rush - dirt and digger
• World War II - okay, you guys and gee
• TV and Media
STANDARD AUSTRALIAN ENGLISH
• Most people raised in Australia• Broadness continuum
1965
1. Broad (34%)
2. General (55%) The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain
3. Cultivated (11%)
* The general category is increasing at the expense of broad and cultivated
• Dominant variety, but not the only one:
• Aboriginal English• Various ethno-cultural AusE dialects (e.g. Lebspeak)
3. Pronunciation & Spelling
CONSONANTS
• Non-rhotic, linking /r/ e.g. car, there are
• Glottal stop (ʔ) e.g. kitten, department
• Intervocalic /t/ as a flap /d/ e.g. written, got it
• I-glide (/j/ sound) between some consonants and /u/ e.g. /nju:z/ (news)
VOWELS
• Long /a:/ coexists with /æ/ e.g. half, arm, father
/a:/ more prestigious
• Schwa rather than /ɪ/ e.g. naked, acid
• /æ/ sound /e/ e.g. I love that hat (ðet het)
• /i:/ rather than /ɪ/ e.g. very, many, happy
• /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ e.g. right, life, sign
• /eɪ/ tends to /aɪ/ e.g. no way, say
Dry sound (Cockney)
Twangy sounds + rising inflection or high-rising terminal (Australian
English)
DIPHTONGS
• No official regulator of correct spelling and grammar MacQuarie Dictionary
• AusEng spelling similar to British English...
* “ou” retained: honour, favour* “-re” instead of “-er”: theatre, metre, litre* “-ise” more frequent: organise, realise
... BUT THERE IS A TENDENCY TOWARDS AMERICAN SIMPLIFICATION
* Australian Labor Party* program (programme)* analog (analogue)* -ize coexists* No Latin/Greek diphthongs: encyclopedia (encyclopaedia)
diarrhea (diarrhoea)
ANDY: HEAR YE, HEAR YE. THIS SESSION WILL NOW COME TO ORDER. WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE US DEPARTMENT OF STATE, WE HAVE PRESENT TODAY ONE BART SIMPSON. I BELIEVE HE HAS SOMETHING TO SAY. BART?
BART: I'M SORRY. I'M SORRY FOR WHAT I DID TO YOUR COUNTRY. ANDY: WELL, YOU'RE FREE TO GO, BART... RIGHT AFTER YOUR__ADDITIONAL
PUNISHMENT. HOMER: PUNISHMENT? ANDY: WELL, A MERE__APOLOGY WOULD BE A BIT EMPTY, EH? LET THE BOOTING BEGIN. HOMER: BOOTING? ANDY: AW, IT'S JUST A LITTLE KICK IN THE BUM.
5. Grammar
• Collective nouns concord in singular
E.g.: The team is
winning.
• “Different from / to” rather than “different than”
E.g.: My car is different from yours.
• Present Perfect Simple Past
E.g.: He has played for us last year
• Usedn’t to
E.g.: He usedn’t to go to Church everyday.
• May = might/could
E.g.: If we found out who caused the problem, we may solve it.
• Mustn’t = can’t
E.g.: He mustn’t have wanted the money.
4. Australian Vocabulary
A B O R I G I N A L
KangarooKoalaWombatEmuCurrawongkookaburraGalah
Other words
boomerangcorroboree: dancejackeroo: farm manager
bindieyecalomboboreebanksiaquandongmallee
1/3
A NEW REALITY HAD TO BE DESCRIBED
NON-ABORIGINAL
roo
chook
stove
frock
sheila
daks
bloke
durry
amber
crook
dunny
spell
quids
-o
abo (aborigine)
arvo (afternoon)
bizzo (business)
doco (documentary)
UNIQUE SET OF DIMINUTIVES
-ie
-y
Aussie (Australian)
brekkie (breakfast)
barbie (barbeque)
Chrissie (Christmas)
lippy (lipstick)
exy (expensive)
surfy (surfing fanatic)
g’day mate!
(hello
friend)
AUSSIE SLANG
How ya going?
(how are you?)
Ace, ta!
(Very good,
thanks!)It’s been yonks
(long time no
see) Too right!
(definitely!)
Catch ya
later!
(see you
later!)
Cheers!
(goodbye!)
ACTIVITY Identify in the following video the 5 words of Australian English which are the same in British English and
that we already saw in the Am. Eng. vs Br. Eng. Exercise we did a few
weeks ago.
1. Diaper
2. Sidewalk3. Parking lot4. Sweater5. Shopping cart
ANSWERS
NappyFootpathCar parkJumperTrolley
Hooroo! (goodbye!)