author index - link.springer.com978-3-642-69746-3/1.pdf · w. l. 260 a. w. a. l. w. l. f., a
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Author Index
Aatov, T. 69, 84Abelson, R.P. 55, 60, 71f., 79,
84. 221,235. 237, 240,264
Abramson, L. Y. 112, 122.152,161 ,1 77, 247f., 260
Ach, N. 5, 89-98, 104, 107,122,136,142,148, 271,273,274
Adams, J.A. 237, 260Adams, N. E. 34, 37Adler, A. 75, 84Adler, N. E. 17, 38Aisenberg, R. 174,1 78Ajzen, I. 1,3- 5, 7. 12, 15, 16,
20-22, 26,28, 30, 35 , 3 ~
38. 41, 51- 57, 59, 70,83,84.93,98. 101, 122,267-269,271,273,274
Alloy, L. B. 113, 122Anderson, J. R. 90, 99. 103,
105, /22.190, 216.237,239, 260. 270,272, 274
Anderson, N. H. 26, 37Aristotle VII, VIII, 274Arkin, A.M . 170,180Aronson, E. E. 136, 147, 148,
150Arrowood, A.J. 135,150Astington, J.W. 104,124Atkinson, J.W. 1,2,8.47-49,
59, 89,93, 99.101,112,116,122.154,177.268,272,274
Atwood, M. 208, 209, 217Averill, J. R. 26, 27,37.115,
124
Bacharach, V.R. 105,122,272,274
Badhorn, E. 253, 262Baldwin, M. W.41, 59Bandura, A. 24, 34, 37.47,59.
154, 177, 258, 260Bart, P.B.169, 179Bar-Tal, D. 41, 59Bar-Tal, Y. 41,59Bastick, T. 272, 274Batson, C. D. 141, 142, 149Battin, D. 170, 180Beaman, A.L. 243, 260Beck, A.T. 168, 177,259, 260Beckmann, J. 5; 19,37.42,44,
49, 54, 59, 60,72,94, 99,105,109,11 8,119,122.123, 136,143 -146,148. 149
Belmont, J. M. 187, 216Bentler, P. M. 34, 37Berglas, S. 248, 260Berlyne, D. E. 108, /22Beyer J. 34, 37Biderman, A.D. 141,143,148Birch, D. 2, 7,47-49,59.93,
99.101,112,122.154, 177,272,274
Birkhan, G. 215, 216. 217Blaney, P. H. 246, 254, 258,
260.261Blank, A. 55, 56, 60Blankenship, V. 112, 122.
272, 275Boon, C. 152, 159, 160, 163,
164,170,172 ,173,1 79Bootzin, R. R. 247, 263
Bower, G. H. 103, 122, 187,216,239,260,263,272 ,274
Bowers, K.S. 57, 59Bradley, G.W. 250, 260Bramel, D. 147, 148Bransford,J. 202, 216Brehm, J. W. 129, 134-138,
144f., 148. 150.160,165 ,171,180, 247f., 265
Brewer, M. B. 239, 260Brewer, W.F. 239, 260Brickman, P. 165, 178. 250,
262Brockner, J. 247, 254, 258,
259, 260Brown, A. 188-190 , 202,213 ,
216Brown, J.S. 19, 37Brunson, B.I. 248, 260Bulman, R. 151, 152, 170,1 77Bumpass, L. 23, 37Burgio, K. L. 258, 260Busemeyer, J. R. 258, 262Buss, A. H. 71, 85. 242, 243,
252,260, 261. 264Buss, D. M. 71, 85. 243, 252,
264Butterfield, E.C. 187, 216
Calder, B.J . 117, 122Campione, 1. 202, 216Canon, L. K. 147, 148Cantor, N. 239, 260Capitman, J.A. 239, 265Carlsmith, J. M. 136, 144,
148.149Carr, T.H. 105, 122.272,274
278 Author Index
Carver, c.s.2, 7, 72 f., 84.112,234,235.238,239,241-247,249,252-257,259, 26/.262.264
Chambers, 239, 26/Chammah, AM. 28, 38Chanowitz, B. 55, 56, 60Ch apanis, A 141, /48Chapanis, N. P. 141, /48Chaplin, R. 145, /50Chi , M. 191,204,2/6.270,
274Clausewitz, e. 231, 234Cohen, E.A. 141, 143, /49Colby 195, 203, 204, 215, 2/6Collins, AM. 239, 26/Collins, B.E. 51, 59Cook, D. 71, 85Cooley, C. H. 64, 84Coombs, F.S. 20, 37Cornwell, J. 157, /77Coyne,J.e.115, /24.174,
/ 77. 258, 260Cranach, M. von 152, / 78Crane, K.A. 145, /49Crocker, J.e. 136-138, /48Csikszentmihalyi, M. 108,
/22Curtis, N. 114,/24
Darley, J. H. 141, 142, /49Davis , K. E. 26, 37Deci , E.L. 117,/22DelTenbacher, J. L. 253, 26/De Loache,J.S . 189, 2/6Dembo, T. 32, 38Diener, e. I. 248, 26/Diener, E. 243, 256, 260. 26/Dorner, 0.6,116, /22.183,
206,207,208,2/6.220,222,223,227,228,230,232,233,234.235
Dreistadt, R. 226, 235Diiker, H. 98, 99. 107, /22Duncker, K. 183,195,216Dunkel-Schetter, e. 151,176,
/ 78, /80Dull , V. 239, 260Durkin, H. E. 221, 235Duval, S. 72, 84. 237, 242,
243,253,26/ .265Dweck, c.s.248, 26/
Easterbrook,J.AI15, / 22Ebbesen, E.G. 105, /24Ebbinghaus, H. 90, 99
Eckblad, G. 108,117, / 22Edwards, W. 13, 37Ehrlich, D. 135, /49Einhorn, H.J. 258, 26/Eisenbeiser, T. 111, /23Endler, N.S.112,/22Epstein, S. 70, 84Erdel yi, M. H. 58, 59Ericsson, K.A. 205, 2/6Ernst, G .W. 229, 235
Faught, W.S. 195,204,215,2/6
Fazio , R.J . 22, 37. 39, 47, 59.71,84
Feather, N. T. 2, 7, 13, 37, 48,59,112,116, /22,135, /49
Fellner, e. H. 140, /49Fenigstein, 242, 243, 26/. 264Ferrara, R. 202, 2/6Ferster, e. B.161, /78Festinger, L. 5, 7. 32, 38, 129,
131,133,134,140,141,144,147, /49
Fikes , R. E. 197,2/6FischholT, B. 269, 275Fishbein, M. 1, 7,12, 15 f., 20,
28,30,35,37.38.51 -53,59.70, 83, 84.98.101, /22.268 f., 271,274
Fiske, S. T. 42, 60Flavell, J. H. 188-190, 2/6.
2/ 7Follansbee, D.J. 253-255,
26/Fortl age, K. 90, 99Frankel, A 112, /2 2. 248,
249,26/. 264Freedman,J.L.135, 141, /49Freedman-Letofsky, K. 176,
/79Freeman, L.e. 69, 84Freeman, S. I. I. 176, /79Frenkel-Brunswick, E. 42, 59Frese, M. 24, 38Freud,S. 58, 164, /78Freund, I. 44, 45, 59Frey, D. 72, 73, 85. 135, 136,
146,149, /59,163, /78,250, 26/
Friedrichsen, G. 6, 7, 215,2/6.2/ 7.270
Frierson, H.T. 254, 262Frieze , I. 26, 39Froming, w.J. 239, 244,
26/
Galanter, E. 2, 8. 31, 38. 46,60.91 f., 99, 132, /50 . 152,/ 79.194,199,201,2/ 7.238, 263
Galassi, J . P.254, 262Ganellen, R.J . 239, 258, 260.
26/Geiger, E. 110, 111, /23Gerber, I. 170, /80Gerdessen, H. 91, 99Gibbons, F.X. 70, 73, 84,
243,246,252,262. 264Glass, D.e. 251, 262Glazeski, R.e. 253, 262Glick, 1.0. 174, / 78Godfrey, K. 162, / 79Gotz, J. 72, 84Gotz-Marchand, B. 72, 84Goitein, G . 269, 275Goldin, S. E. 210, 2/7Gollwitzer, P.M. 4, 62, 65-67,
74-78,80,84.85.242,267Grabitz , H.-J. 145, /49Green, 0 .71,84Greenberg, J . 243, 262Greene, D. 117, /22Greenwald, AG. 240, 262Grosse, B. 114, 115, / 22Gugler, B. 152, / 78Guthrie, E. R. 2, 7Guttman , J. 135, /49
Hacker, W. 152, / 78Halisch, F. 248, 262Hamilton, D. L. 44, 59, 239,
262Hanusa, B.H. 247,250, 262Harriman, P. L. 90, 99Hartwick, J. 24, 32, 39Ha vemann, D. 163, /78Hayes-Roth, B. 195,200-203,
205,209-213, 2/7Hayes-Roth, F. 195, 200-203,
205,2/7Hebb, D.O. 90, 99Heckhausen, H. 1,2, 7. 93,
99, 101, 123, 152, 154, 169,/ 78,219,235,248,262.268, 275
Heider, F. 11,26,37.248,262Helle , P. 109, 120, 123Helmrath, T.A. 158, 174, 178Henle, M. 63, 84Herman, e. P. 1, 8Herrmann, e. 5,6,105,152,
178. 270f. , 273
Hemnann, Th. 194, 215- 217,217
Hesse, F. W. 232, 235Higgins, E.T. 1, 8Hilgard, E. 187, 217Hill, K. T. 253, 263Hilton, J. L. 67, 84Hiroto, D.S . 247, 262Hiroto , D. W. 112, 123Hogarth, R. M. 258, 261Hollandsworth, J. G . Jr. 253,
262Holroyd, K.A 253, 262Holt , K.G. 237, 262Hoocker, D. 46, 59Hormuth, S. E. 70, 84, 243,
252, 262Hornik, J.A . 20,37Horowitz, M.H.158, 164,
175,178Hull , J.G. 256, 257, 262Hul ton , A J. B. 259, 260Hume, D. 46, 59Humphreys, M.S. 115, 123
Indermuhle, K. 152, 178Ide, M. 5, 44, 72, 84, 119, 131,
136,141 ,143, 149Izard, C. 105, 123,272, 275
Jaccard, J.J . 30, 38Jackson, D. N. 70, 84Jame s, W. 4, 5, 7,42, 59, 73,
85,89,90,92, 94,99.237Janis, I. L. 145, 150,1 58,164,
178Janoff-Bulman , R. 152, 165,
172, 178. 250, 262Jeffri es, R. 208, 209, 217Jenkins, H. M. 258, 262Jones, E. E. 26, 37, 248, 260Jones, G. E. 253, 262
Kahneman , D. 42, 44, 60,170,1 78
Kalberm atten, U. 152,1 78Kanfer, F. H. 154, 178. 258,
262Kaplan , R. M. 113, 123Kastenb aum, R. 174, 178Keele, S. W. 239, 263Kelley, H. H. 75, 85, 97, 99Kelly, G. 133, 136, 149Kelso, J .A S. 237, 262Kiesler, C. A. 51, 59, 95,99.
136,138, 149
Kintsch, W. 103, 123Kirkland, K. 253, 262Kirschenbaum, D.S . 257,
262Klar, Y. 4, 41, 44, 60,104 ,
142,267,269, 270Kientz, B. 243, 260Klinger, E. 95,99, 141, 149.
158,160, 178Klos, D. 152, 179Kluwe, R. H. 6, 7,188-190,
192,193, 201, 207, 211,213, 217.270
Koller, P.S. 113, 123Kreuzig, H. W. 116, 122,
206-208,216,227, 230,233,235
Kruglanski, A W. 4, 41, 44,45,57,59, 60,93 ,94,99,104,117,123.142,267,269, 270
Kubal, L. 113, 125, 247,250,263
Kulpe, O. 90, 99Kugler, P. N. 237, 262Kuhl , J.1 - 3, 5, 6, 7, 8,19,
24-27,30,37, 42, 44,48-50,53,54, 59, 60, 72,81,85, 90-95, 97, 99, 101,103-106,108-119, 122,123, 124, 130, 131, 134,136,142,143,145,146,148.149,151 -153,155,156,161 ,1 63,167-169,171,1 78,1 79, 224, 235,251,252,259, 262,269-272, 275
Kuiper, N.A. 239, 263Kukla, A 26, 39, 96, 99
Lalserge , D. 105,124Lacoursiere , R. 162, 179Lang, P. 259, 263Lange~E.55,56,60
La Pierre, R.T. 1, 8, 69, 85Lavelle , T.L. 115, 124Lazarus, R.S. 115, 124, 230,
235Lefcourt, H. M. 25, 38Lehman , D. 166, 174-176,
180Lenk , H. 215, 217Leonti ev, A N. 89, 99Lepper, M.R. 117, 124Lerman, D. 98, 100.247,
265
Author Index 279
Lewin, K. 4, 8, 11, 19, 32, 38.63, 64, 66,85,89, 91, 92, 99,133,149
Lewinsohn, P.M. 154, 161,179
Lichtman, R.R. 152, 179Liebert, R.M. 115,124Lindblom, C. E. 230, 235Linder, D. E. 145, 149, 150Lindworsky, J. 90, 98, 99,
107, 124Lissne r, K. 63, 64, 66, 85Loftus, E. F. 239, 261Lompsche~ H.J. 222, 235Lop yan , K.J . 244, 261Luchins, AS. 44, 60Luer, G. 183, 217Lui, L. 239, 260Luria, A R. 187, 188, 217Lyall, W.AL. 176, 179
MacKay, D.M. 237, 238, 263Maddison, D. 166, 174, 175,
179Magnu sson , D. 112, 122Mahler, W. 63-66, 85Mahoney, M.J. 102,1 06,125,
259,263Ma ier, S. F. 247, 264Mandler, G. 115, 124, 253, 263
Mann, L. 145, 150Manstead, AS.R. 17, 38March, J.G. 131, 150Markus, H. 239, 263Marshall , J . R. 140, 149Maslach, C. 244, 264Matthews, K.A 248, 251,
260,263McDermott, D. 203, 205, 217Mead , G. H. 64, 65, 85Meichenbaum, D. 253, 259,
263Melendez,J.117,123Mendez, R. 77, 78, 84Merluzzi, T.V. 258, 260Mervis, C. 97, 100.239 ,263Messer, A. 90, 99Metalsky, G. I. 115, 124Meyer, W.U. 96, 98, 100Michotte, A 4, 5, 8, 89, 93,
94, 99Miller, D. T. 152, 179Miller, G.A 2, 8, 31, 38, 46,
60,91 ,92, 99. 132, 15~152,1 79,194, 199,201,217, 238, 263
280 Author Index
Miller, J. W. 247, 248,263Miller, N. E. 19, 38, 51, 59,
133,150Mills, J. 135, 145, 147, 149,
150Mischel, H.N. 104,124Mischel, W. 27, 38, 102, 104,
105,107,112,124,239,260Montmann, V. 143, 150Morgan,M. 117, 124Morris, L.W. 115, 124Muller, E. 91,99Miinsterberg, H. 90, 99
Neely, H.N.107, 124Neisser, U. 187, 217Newell, A. 116, 124,183 ,187,
195-197,205,215,21~
223,228,229,235Nilsson, N.Y. 197, 216Nisbett, R.E. 57, 60,94,99.
117,124Norman, D.A. 90,100.103,
124,185,217,240,263Norman, W.H. 247, 248, 263Nottelman, E. D. 253, 263Nurcombe, B. 157,177
Oakes, W.F. 114, 124Oesterreich, R. 229, 235Olson, D.R.104, 124Olson, J. M. 22, 39O'Neal, E. 145, 150Ortony, A. 42, 60Osterloh, W. 228, 235Overmier, J. B. 247, 263Ovsiankina, M. 63, 64, 66, 68,
85
Pallak, M.S. 71, 85Parkes, C. M. 156-158,
162-164,170-176,179Parkinson, R.e. 195,204,
215,216Pascual-Leone, J. 188, 217Peterson, L. M. 253-255, 261Piaget, J. 104, 124, 188Plutchik, R. 272, 275Polson, P. E. 208, 209, 217Pomazal, R.J. 30, 38Popper, K. R. 45, 60Porter, c.x. 152, 179Posner, M. I. 105, 124,239,
263Powers, W.T. 237, 238, 240,
241,250,263
Prentice-Dunn, S. 256, 263Pribram, K . H. 2, 8, 31, 38, 46,
60,91 f., 99, 132,150,152,179, 194, 199,201,21~238,263
Profitt, e. 17, 38Priim,E.4,5,89,90,93,94,99
Pryo r, J . B. 258, 260Pylyshyn, Z.W. 186, 218
Rapoport, A. 28, 38Reed, L. 26, 39Rees, W.D. 158, 179Reh , H. 227, 235Reis, H.T. 22, 39Reiss, S. 117, 124Reither, F. 116, 122. 206-208,
216,218.227,230,232,233,235
Reitman, J. S. 239, 263Reitman, W. 187, 195, 196,
201,203,218Rest, S. 26, 39Revelle , W. 115, 123Robinson, H. 147. 150Rogers , I. 176, 179Rogers , P.J . 239, 263Rogers, R. W. 256, 263Rogers, T.B. 239, 263Rogner, O. 163, 178Rohracher, H. 90, 100Rosch,E.97,100,239,263Rosen,S. 135, 141, 147, 150Rosenbaum, R. M. 26, 39Rosenberg, M.J. 13, 38, 141,
150Rosenfield, D. 248, 250, 264Roth, S.112, 113,124.125,
247,250,263Rotter, 1.B. 25, 38Rubin, P. 237, 262Ruby, L. 162, 179Rumelhart, D. E. 42, 60, 103,
124Rumpelstilzchen 231Russell, D. 98, 100,247,265Ryle, G. 190, 218
Sacerdoti, E. D. 195-199,203,205,209,218
Sample, J. 21, 38Santee, R.T. 244, 264Sarason, S. B. 115, 124, 253,
264Schank, R. e. 55, 60. 221,
235,237,240,264
Scheele, B.233, 235Scheier, M. F. 2, 7, 71-73,
85,112,234,235,238,241-244,246,247,249,252-257,259,261,264
Scheppele, KL. 169, 179Schiebler, K 207, 217Schlosberg,H. 121, 125Schmidt, R.A. 237, 264Schonbach, P. 135, 149Schonborn, C. 143,150Schoenfeld, A. 190,211,214,
215,218Schulz, R. 247, 250, 262Sears , D.O. 135, 141,149,150
Sears, P.S. 32, 38Sejwacz, D. 20, 30, 38Seligman, M. E. P. 112, 113,
125,152,161,177,247,248,260,262,263,264
Selz, O. 183, 192, 193, 218,222,235
Semmer, N. 19,24,38Sergejew, J. 226, 235Shapira, Z. 269, 275Sharer, R. 254, 262Sheppard, B. H. 24, 32, 39Sherman, S.J. 21, 38Shibutani, T. 65, 85Shontz, r.c.167, 179Shtilerman, M. 17, 38Silver, R. L. 151, 152, 159,
160,163, 164, 166, 167,170-174,179
Simon, D. P. 205, 207-209,218
Simon, H.A . 116, 124, 131,150,183,187,195-197,203,205,207-209,216,217,218,223,228,235,245,264
Simoneit, M. 91, 100Singer, J. L. 160, 179, 259, 264Smart,J.L. 17, 38Smetana, J.G. 17, 38Smock, D. e. 42, 60Smoller, B. 249, 264Snyder, e.R.R. 105,124Snyder, M. 22, 38. 53 f., 60,
71,85,269, 275Snyder, M. L. 42, 60, 112,
122,248-250,261,264Sogin, S. R. 71, 85Solomon, R.e. 27, 38Songer-Nocks, E. 19, 38. 141,
150
Speckart, G. 34, 37Spence, K. W. 253, 264Spence, J.T. 253, 264Staudel, T. 116, 122,206-208,
216,227,230,233, 235Stasz, C. 206, 207, 210, 218Staw, B.M. 117, 122Steinitz , E.M. 158, 174,1 78Stelmach, G. E. 240, 264Stepha n, w.G. 248,250,264Sternberg, R 188, 195,201,
207,213,214,215,218Stevens, L. 157, 177Stones , M.H. 152, 159, 160,
163,164,170,172,173,1 79Stot land , E. 246, 264Strack, S. 258, 260Strenta, A. 249, 264Strickland, B. R. 25, 38Sushinsky, L.W. 117, 124Svanum, S. 243, 260Swann , W.B. 22, 38, 269, 275
Taylor, S. E. 42, 60, 152, 179Teasdale, J.D. 112, 122,152,
161, 177, 247, 248, 260Tho resen, C. E. 102, 106, 125Thorndyke, P. W. 206, 207,
210,212,21 7,218Timko, C. 17,21 ,22,37,54,
55, 59Tirrell 26Tomarken, A.J . 257, 262Towson, S. 41,59Treyens, J.C. 239, 260Triandis, H.C. 31, 38Turner, A.A. 208, 209, 217
Turner, R G. 243, 252, 265Tversky, A. 42, 44, 60, 170,
178Tyhurst, J.S. 166,1 79
Vachon,M.L.S. 176, 179Van Norman, L.R. 253, 262Vinokur-Kaplan, D. 17, 38Volpert, W. 152,1 79Vroom , V.H. 93, 100, 268,
275
Walker, G. R. 244, 261Walker, L. 135, 150Walker, W. 166, 174, 175,1 79Walster, E. 144, 150Warland, R. 21, 38Ward, W.C. 258, 262Warshaw, P. R. 24, 32, 39Wassiljew, I. 108, 109, 116,
123Watson, D. L. 253, 263Weiner, B. 2, 8, 26, 39, 97 f.,
99, 247, 265Weiss,J.M.165,180Weil3, M. 108, 109, 113, 114,
124Weiss, RS. 156, 158,
162-164,171 -175, 179Wellman, H. 189, 190, 217Westbrook, T. 253, 262WestolT, C. 23, 37White ,J.B. 17,21,22, 37, 54,
55,59White, R.W. 134, 147, 150Wicker, A.W. 1, 8.51,58 ,60.
69-71 ,85
Author Index 281
Wicklund, R.A. 4, 42, 60, 62,66,67,72,73, 75,79,80,84,85, 129, 135, 144, 146, 148,150, 237, 242, 243, 253,261,265,267
Wiegand, J. 229, 235Wiener, A. 170, 180Wiene r, N. 237, 265Wilensky, R 195,202,203,
218Williams, C. C. 159, 162,175,
180Wilne r, N. 175, 178Wilson, T. D. 57, 60, 94, 99,
239, 265Wine, J. D. 115, 125,253,265Wolf, M. 253, 262Wood,J.V.152,1 79Woodworth, R.S. 121, 125Wortman, C. B. 5,6, 105, 145,
150, 151, 152, 160,165-167,170-176,1 78,180, 247f., 265, 270, 271,273
Wundt, W. 90, 100
Yarkin, K. 41, 59Young, R. D. 256, 257, 262Younger, J .-C. 135, 150
Zajonc, R. B. 98, 100Zanna, M. P. 1, 8, 22, 39, 47,
59,71 , 84Zeigarnik, B. 64, 85Zeiss, A. R 105,124Ziehen, Th . 90, 100Zuckerman, M. 22, 39
Subject Index
Abstrips, 195-199Achievement motivation, 93,
110f., 112, 116Ach-Lewin controversy, 91Action control, 2, 5, 26, 48,
49,53,83, 102,104,122,134,137,148,159,160,161, 163, 165, 166, 169,170,172,173,177,219,267,271 ,274
- - , theory of, 5, 93, 94, 119,120, 121, 130, 142, 151,152, 153, 155, 167, 168,172, 175, 176, 177
- , mindless vs. thoughtful,41,48,55,56,58,59
- orientation , 5,6,27,30,49,53,54,72,93,94,97,102,107-111 ,114,117-121 ,130, 140,142-147,153,155,156, 158,160,161 ,163,166,171,173-176,251,252,259
- - , negative effects of, 164f.- plan, see plan of action- planning, 223, 228, 229,
230,234- , rational vs. irrational, 48,
51,56,58- schema, 4, 46-59, 220, 221- tendency, 3, 91, 130- -, competing VII, 2, 81,91 ,
97, 101, 102, 104, 106,107,118,119,121 ,136-139,271,272,273
Affect , see emotion- mechanism, 204
Aggregate intentions, 23Aggression, 230, 231, 243Alcohol use and abuse, 162,
256,257,259Alienation effect, 111Altrui sm, 110, 111Analogical thinking, 226f.Anxiet y, 153, 159, 171, 245Arou sal, 253Associationism, 90, 91Associationistic models, 267,
272,273Associati ve network, 90Attention, 92, 113, 116- adjustment, successive, 97- , selective, 95, 97, 104, 106,
118,121Attitude-behavior relation
ship, VII, 1,2,3,5,6, 11,22,41 ,51 ,52,54,61,68,69,70-72
- - toward a behavior, 3,12-19,26,28,31,32,35,36,52,53,70,83,269
Attribution of success andfailure, 248, 249
Aufforderungscharakter, 91Automatic behavior, 219,
220,221Availability (in memory),
169,170
Behavior change, 252Behavioral belief, 14, 15, 16,
18,19,32,36- expectation, 4, 5, 33, 34- goal, 24, 27, 34, 35
- intention, 3, 4, 11, 18, 29,30,35,36,46,47,50,52,53,102,251
- standard, 238, 239, 243,244,258
Behaviorism, S-O-R, VII, 272Bezugsvorstellung, 95
Catastatic vs, metastaticmode of control, 102, 107,108, 109, 111, 113, 118,120,121 , see also actionvs. state-orientation
Causal attribution, theoriesof, 97
Central processor, 187Choice motivation, 134Cognition, 237- , behavior consistency,
185ff.Cognitive control, 186, 187,
201,213- domain-specific 190, 194,
198,199- knowledge, general, and- therapy, 258 f.Commitment, 20, 21, 42, 63,
64,67,68,72,78,82,103,106, 109, 136, 138
Competence - incompe-tence, 7,227,228,229,230,231,233,234
- motivation, 134, 147Comprehension , 237Compulsions, 27Conclusion al need, see need
for conclusional contents
284 Subject Index
Confidence in an intention,20,21
Conflict, predecisional, 4- theory, 133Conformity, 244Conscious and unconscious
action planning, 222 f.Consistency theories, VIIControl motivation, 134- theory, 237Convergency effect, 144-146Cooperation, 28, 29Coping, 5, 6, 151, 152, 155,
156, 159-163, 165-167,176,177
Curiosity, 110, 111Current concern, 95,141,
142, 147Cybernetics, 237, 238
Decision, tactical and strategic, 190,211,215
Decision-making, 4, 89, 90,106,107,109,118,121,134,183,184,212,213,269
Deci sional conflict, 93Deindividuation, 256Delay of gratification, VII,
27Depression, 120, 121, 159,
160,161,167,171,230,246,258,259
Determining tendencies,theory of, 91, 94
Difficulty of enactment, 93,96,104,107,121see also intention, enactment of
- , law of, 96Disengagement from a task,
246,248-250,252-256Dissonance, cognitive, 137,
227- , reduction of, 5, 72, 119,
132,134-136,139,140,144, 146, 147
- , theory of, 5,71,72,129-132,136,139-144,146-148
Distancing, 175Distres s, 152, 153, 160,
162-165,173,175Divergency effect , 134-136,
144-146Dyn amics of action, 2
Effort , 31, 93, 96- calculation, 96Ego-strength, 102Egotism, 248, 250f.Emotion, 27, 73, 90, 97, 98,
116,117,151,152,159,160,162,167,171,204,215,223,224,231-234,252,259,270,272
- control, 105, 106,119,121,162,246
Encoding control, 104, 106,121
- , selective, 97Environment control, 106, 121Epistem ic freezing, 44, 48, 56,
58Equity nonn, 243Ethnic stereotyping, 44, 45Executive control, 184, 186,
190,207,209,213-216- decision, 191, 201, 202,
210-212- - rule, 193- or operational schema, 188- processes, 190-192, 195,
214execution monitor, 199Expectancy, assessment of, 7,
244-249, 258f.- deficit. 112expectancy-value models of
mot ivation, VII , 1,3,4,41 ,48-51 ,53,55,58,59,93,94,119,219,267
Failure, fear of, see fear offailure
- , responses to, 246- , uncontrollable (noncon-
tingent),112-117Fear of failure, 49- of invalidity, see need for
validityFeedback loop, negative, 2,
7,46,238,239,242Feelings after success and
failure , 97, 98-, determining, 97, 98Figurative schema, 188Forced compliance, 135fFreezing of on action tenden-c~4,54,58,91 , 133,273
- of an intention, see epistemic freezing
Functional helplessness, 251
General problem solver(GPS), 194-197, 201-203
Goal analysis, 222-224 f.,226,234
Helplessness, functional, 251-, learned, 93, 112f., 161,225,
247-251Heuristic competence, 227,
231- methods, 195, 197- processes, 7, 214, 215, 219,
220-222Hierarchical organization of
control, 241, 242, 250,251
Ideal self, 241Ideation, 92 f.Ideo-motoric action, 92Incentive-disengagement
cycle, 160- escalation, 94, 119Incongruence, perceived,
108, 109Inconsistency, cognitive, 5,
44,45,72, 129, 227f.see also dissonance, cognitive
Indecisiveness, 94,109,131 ,137, 159
Information accumulation,223,226,227,228, 234
- overload, 224- pro cessing , 3, 4, 13, 14,56,
90,91 ,97,101,104,106,116,118,122,131,141,187,189,191,202,207,213,270
- - , capacity of, 3, 45,107,133,143,191
- -, extensiveness of, 3, 118,191,207
- -, parsimony of, 106, 118,119,121,130,142, 143
- - , selective , 130, 131, 135,140,142,143
Intelligence, 189,213- , componential theory of,
188,213Intention, 3, 4, 11- 15, 18, 20,
29-31,35,41 ,45-48,52-54,57,77,91,92,95,98,103,104,106,107,118
- , change of, 12, 18-22,24,
28,29,34,47,53-55,58,225
- , degenerated, 6, 81, 108,109,113,120,121,156,157, 168
-, determinants of, 12, 13, 16- , enactment of, VII, 2, 3, 5,
6,94,95,98,102,111,115,118,119,153-156,160,161,164,176
-, formation of, 2, 3, 4,45-48,93,167,168
-, ill-defined, 6, 81,108-, maintenance of, VII, 2, 3,
105-, perseverating, 113-, propositional representa-
tion of, 103Interrupt system, 220Intrinsic task involvement,
108,116,117Introspection, 57, 94, 95
Knee, artificial VKnowledge, declarative 189,
190,192-, organization of, 239-, procedural, 189, 190, 191,
192,193,198,201 f., see also cognitive knowledge
- structures, 103,239,270
Lay epistemology, theory of41,43,44,46,58,59
Learned helplessness seehelplessness
Level of aspiration, 32Locus of control, internal vs.
external, 25
Means-end-analysis, modelof, 183, 195, 196
Memory structures, 272- visual, 158Metacognition, 184, 188, 189Metacognitive skills, 189,
213,214- strategies, 189Metaplan, 6, 201, 202, 203,
210Meta-script, 240Meta-volitional operations,
215Mindless vs. thoughtful ac
tions, see action, mindlessvs. thoughtful
Molar and molecular level ofanalysis, 267, 269f.
Moment, objective (gegenstandliches) 95, 97
- - , ego-related (aktuelles)95,97
- - , state-related (zustandliches) 95
- -, subjective (an schauliches) 95
Motivation control, 106, 118,119,121,136,137,138
- deficit , 113, 114, 117- doctrine 93Motivational stability vs.
flexibility, 273f.- states, 2, 3, 101- tendency, 3Motive -behavior consisten
cy,110Muddling-through behavior,
230
Need for conclusional contents, 42, 47, 48, 56-58
- for structure, 4, 42, 45, 47,48,56,58,94,142
- for validity, 4, 42, 45, 47,48,56,58
NOAH (Network of Organized Action Hierarchies),195f., 198f., 202-206, 209
Nonvolitional behavior, 24Norm, subjective, 3, 12-19,
28,29,32,33, 35,36,52,53Normative belief, 14-16, 18,
19,36
Objective self-awareness,theory of, 72, 73, 79
Obsessive-compulsive pattern of monitoring, 257
Opportunistic PlanningModel (OPM), 195,200-203,209,210,212
Opportunity to perform a behavior, 27-29, 35
Overjustification effect, 117Overplanning, 230
Pandora-model,195Paranoia-model, 195,
203-205Pattern-matching mecha
nisms,270Perceptual tuning, 105
Subject Index 285
Performance deficits, 112,113,114,115,248,249,251
Perspicuous representationof a problem, 208f.
Planned behavior, theory of,3,12,29,33,35-37
Planning, 184, 193-197,199-202,205,208-214,223,228-231,234
Plans ofaction, 2, 6, 7, 11, 24,31,34,36,117,184,197
Predictive models, 267-269Primacy effect, 44f.Priming, 239Primitive terminal reactions,
230Principle control, 240Problem-solving, VII, 2, 3, 6,
116, 117, 183f., 186-198,200-203,205-210,213-215,221 ,222,225,228,230-233,250,267
Procedural net, 198f.Process-oriented (explanato
ry) models, 269Program control, 240
Quasi-need, 91
Rational vs, irrational, seeaction, rational vs. irrational
Reactance, 160, 244Reasoned action, theory of,
3,11 -18,24, 30r, 35f.,267f.
Reassertion effect, 250Recording memory, 221Regression, 230f.Relational idea (Bezugsvor-
stellung), 95Resignation, 230f.
Salience, 269f.Schema, 7, 188,239
see also action schemaScript, 221, 240
see also action schemaSelective exposure to infor
mation,see information processing, selective
Self, private vs. public, 243 f.,255
Self-attention, 234self-awareness 256, 257
286 Subject Index
self-awareness, theo ry of,237
Self-completion, 61, 74, 77,80see also symbolic selfcompletion, theory of
Self-confidence, 227Self-consciousness, 71, 250,
255,257- -Scale, 242,243, 257Self-control, 106Self-definition al goals, 5, 61,
62,66,68,74,77,7 8, 82, 83- -, symbols of self-defini
tional completeness, 5, 62,64-67,75, 80- 82
Self-deprecato ry rumin ation,253
Self-efficacy, 34, 154Self-esteem, 7,161 ,162,225,
226, 248-251,258Self-focused attention, 242,
243,246-248,251- 257Self-management, ineffec
tive, 252, 257Self-mon itoring, 22, 53-55,
71, 244Self-reflection, 65, 66,
232- 234Self-regulation, 237f., 241,
247f., 250, 256, 258, 260,271
Self-regulatory mechanisms,VII, 2, 3, 5, 7, 89-91, 96,102-104, 106f., ll1f., 115,118,1 21 f., 222f., 232-234,267see also volitional control
Sequential-an alytic vs. holistic-intu itive mode of processing, 116, 117
Social anxiety, 258- learning theo ry, VII
- pressure, 104- reality, 63, 75-79Solut ion processes, 190-192Specific determination, law
of,98Spreading apart of alterna
tives,see divergen cy effect
State orient ation, 5f., 27, 30,49 f., 53f, 72, 93, 97,102,104,107-11 2,114-1 21,130,140,142- 147,155f.,158-163, 169- 177, 251f.
Strategic plan, 197Strategy shift, 192Stress, 27, 224, 225STRIPS, 197Sudden inspiration, 223Switching goals, 192Symbolic self-completion,
theory of, 62, 63, 65, 75see also self-completionand self-definitional completeness
System concept, 241, 250
Task-irrelevant cognitions,115
Tension system, 63, 65, 66, 91Test-anx iety, 115, 253-256,
259Thematic vagabonding, 225Thinking , 6, 183f., 186, 188f.,
202, 205-207 ,219,221-226, 228, 232, 234
-, intuiti ve-holistic vs. se-quential-an alytic, 224
Time pressure, 45, 47,142,211,224f.
Type A - Type B coronaryprone behavior pattern,251
Unconscious determin antsof action, 41, 43, 44, 57, 58, 59
Undesirable life event,151-153 ,156-1 61,163-167,172,176
Unemployment, 162
Validity, ecological and psychological, 271
Value instrumentality andvalue importance, 141
Volition, 14, 16, 73, 90 f., 93,98, 102, 105, 136
- , phenomenological aspect sof,95
- , psychology of, 2, 5, 89-91,93
- , efficiency of, 92Volitional control, VII, l1f.,
16,18,24,29, 35,96,102,107,119-122
- - , individua l differencesin, 25, 93
- processes, 2, 3, 5, 89, 91,95- 97see also self-regulatorymechanisms
Voluntary regulation, 89see also volitional control
Will, see volition- , efficiency of, 98, 273- , freedom of, 90- , heterogenetic vs, homo-
genet ic theory of, 90- , paralysis of the, 168- , power of, 26, 30, 34-3 6,
102Wishful thinking, 107Working memo ry, 91, 107,
120Worry work, 164Wiirzburg School, 90
SSSPSpringerSeries inSocialPsychology
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T.M.Amabile
The Social Psychology of Creativity1983. ISBN3-540-90830-7
Attitudinal JudgmentEditor: J.R.Eiser1984. ISBN3-540-90911-7
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Anger and AggressionAnEssay on Emotion1982. ISBN3-540-90719-X
Basic Group ProcessesEditor: P.B.Paulus1983. ISBN 3-540-90862-5
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