automatic train control -...
TRANSCRIPT
Automatic Train Control
Hoang Nga Nguyen
Department of Computer ScienceSwansea University
October, 2011
Outline
I Introduction
I Historical systems
I Train protection and warning systems
I Automatic Train Protection
I ATO and ATS
I European Train Control System
I Summary
Introduction
I Automatic Train Control (ATC) reduces the involvement ofhuman in the operation of trains.
I Aims: Improving safety, train services, reducing staff costs.I Functions:
I Automatic Train Protection (ATP)I Automatic Train Operation (ATO)I Automatic Train Supervision (ATS)
Train Protection and Warning System
I Aim: reduce the number of Signals Passed At DangerI Functions:
I Speed TrapI Trainstop
Automatic Train Protection
I Aim: ensure the safe driving of trains at all times
I Implementation: trains carry a fail-safe computer eusuringthat the train does not exceed a safe speed
I The computer needs to know a variety of data to calculate thesafe speed, including: current train speed/distance, trainlength, train braking performance, maximum train speed,route data (gradient, maximum line speed).
Automatic Train Protection
Operation of ATP
I Calculate the maximum permitted speed
I Display to the driverI Monitor the actual train speed against this:
I if exceed by a certain tolerance (5km/h), then sound awarning, as long as the driver reacts
I if the driver reacts, e.g. by reducing the speed, the warningwill cease
I if he fails to do so, the brake is applied automatically. Thedriver must but cannot release the brake until the speedreduces to the permitted level.
ATO and ATS
I ATO is an adaptation of ATP to allow train to drive itself
I Benefits: no need for a driver, acceleration and braking aresmoother and more consistent, instant reaction to changingconditions, easy regulation of train service.
I Limitations: inabilities to recover from a complete failure ofthe system, to respond to unexpected obstruction on the line.
I ATS extends ATO to automate the signaller’s role