auxiliary verbs - modals, tense markers, aspect markers grammatical properties 1. auxiliary verbs...

Auxiliary Verbs - Modals, Tense Markers, Aspect Markers

Grammatical Properties

1. Auxiliary verbs precede the main verb.

2. Auxiliary verb tags precede the copy-subject-pronoun tag.

3. Auxiliary verbs can appear in both locations.

EVERY-MORNING MAN IX MUST DRINK COFFEE MUST HE


Modals

CAN

SHOULD

MUST

MAYBE

CAN’T

REFUSE

WILL

WON’T

Aspect Markers

FINISH

NOT-YET

Tense Markers

PAST

RECENT

FORMERLY

UP-TO-NOW

NOW

FUTURE

Practice signing sentences with auxiliary verbs in both locations.


Modals

CAN

SHOULD

MUST

MAYBE

CAN’T

REFUSE

WILL

WON’T

Possibility - e.g. MAYBE

Prediction - e.g. WILL

Permission - e.g. CAN

Ability - e.g. CAN’T

Modals indicate the attitude (modality) of the signer to the event described in the main verb.

These are in contrast to simple assertions.

Why are there different categories of auxiliary verbs?


Tense markers are similar to time indicators in production but they are restricted in their production and their location in a sentence.

Can you notice the difference in these two related signs in the following sentences?


Tense Markers

PAST

RECENT

FORMERLY

UP-TO-NOW

NOW

FUTURE


Aspect Markers indicate whether an event is viewed as being completed or not.

Aspect markers can stand alone, or come last if combined with other auxiliary verbs or negatives.

Example:


Aspect Markers

FINISH

NOT-YET

J-O-H-N MAYBE PAST NOT FINISH READ BOOK MAYBE HE

“Perhaps John had not finished reading the book.”


Modals

CAN

SHOULD

MUST

MAYBE

CAN’T

REFUSE

WILL

WON’T

Modals

ALWAYS

OFTEN

SOMETIMES

#RARE

NEVER

Aspect

FINISH

NOT-YET

Auxiliary

PREFER

TRY

WANT

WAIT

DESIRE

ENJOY

DON’T-WANT

Tense

PAST

RECENT

FORMERLY

UP-TO-NOW

NOW

FUTURE

Discuss in more detail for the next level.

auxiliary verbs - modals, tense markers, aspect markers grammatical properties 1. auxiliary verbs...

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