avian digestive tract. ruminates digestive tract
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Avian Digestive Tract
![Page 2: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Ruminates
![Page 3: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
DIGESTIVE TRACT
![Page 4: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CONNECTIONS
![Page 7: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Salivary Glands
![Page 9: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
SALIVA
• Secreted by epithelial cells of three glands
• Contains AMYLASE (starch hydrolyzing) and LYSOZYME (antibacterial)
• Used for lubrication, cooling, solvent and buffer
• Sialorrhea = excess production
![Page 10: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Esophagus & Peristalsis
![Page 11: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
STOMACH
• Initial site of protein hydrolysis/digestion
• Primary site of mechanical digestion via rumination
• Absorption of water and alcohol
![Page 12: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
STOMACH SECRETIONS
• Site of initial protein hydrolysis
• Controlled by multiple factors including sight, smell, taste of food as well as distention of fundus
• HCl provides optimal pH for enzymes like Pepsin
![Page 14: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
DUODENUM
• First section of small intestine
• Drastic rise in pH due to addition of bile salts
• Receives secretions of pancreas
• Most common site of ulcers (5cm from pylorus)
![Page 16: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
BILE SALTS
• Inorganic salts produced by liver
• Used to emulsify (increase surface area) of lipids/fats
• Stored temporarily in Gall Bladder
• Enters Duodenum via Common Bile Duct
![Page 17: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
PANCREATIC JUICE
• Contains Trypsin (protein hydrolyzing), Lipase (lipid hydrolyzing), Nuclease (DNA-RNA hydrolyzing) and Amylase (carbohydrate hydrolyzing)
• pH must be Alkaline (8) so pancreas secretes bicarbonate (NaHC03)
![Page 19: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
SMALL INTESTINE
• Jejunum (8ft)• Ileum (12ft)• Site of absorption and
chemical digestion
![Page 20: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
INTESTINAL JUICE
• Contains aminopeptidase (protein hydrolyzing), sucrase, maltase and lactase (carbohydrate hydrolyzing)
• High surface area of small intestine (200 m2) assists in secretion and absorption
![Page 21: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
VILLI
• Small (1mm) projections of small intestine that drastically increase surface area of small intestine
• Cells lining villi die and are consumed!
• Contain capillaries for transport of material
• Contain lacteals to transport fats
![Page 22: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Vermiform Appendix
![Page 23: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
COLON
![Page 24: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
COLON
• Involved in synthesis of Vitamin K– Assists clotting– Assists conversion of
glucose to glycogen in the liver
![Page 25: Avian Digestive Tract. Ruminates DIGESTIVE TRACT](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649eaa5503460f94bafa0f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
COLONOSCOPY