aviation and sustainable biofuel
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Aviation and Sustainable BiofuelTRANSCRIPT
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Richard WynneDirectorCommercial AirplanesEnvironment and Aviation Policy
BOEING is a trademark of Boeing Management Company.Copyright © 2010 Boeing. All rights reserved.
U.S. Department of Energy Biomass 2011
Aviation and Sustainable Biofuel
July 27, 2011
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Developing innovative solutions
We recognize the importance of protecting our ecosystem. That is why we are unleashing the expertise of Boeing employeesto design environmentally
2
to design environmentally progressive products, research cleaner fuels, [and] enhance the global air traffic system to reduce the carbon footprint ofair travel.
Jim McNerneyChairman, President and CEOThe Boeing Company
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CO
2E
mis
sion
s
Changing the fuel
Using less fuel� Efficient airplanes
� Operational efficiency
The Challenge: Carbon-Neutral Growth
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
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Baseline
Sustainable Fuels
2050Carbon Neutral Timeline
CO
2050Carbon Neutral Timeline
Changing the fuel� Lower lifecycle CO2
� No infrastructuremodifications
� “Sustainable Biofuel”
Sustainable aviation biofuel is an essential growth enabler
2006
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Fossil Fuels
Main Categories of Alternative Fuels
• Steady supply
Opportunities
• Significant supplies• Proven technology
• Capital costs• Energy, water intensive• CCS tech. not mature
Challenges
• Use of food crops
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
1st Generation Biofuel
We are focusing our efforts on sustainable biofuelBoeing_Environment.ppt | 4
• Steady supply• Public policy support
• Lower lifecycle CO 2
• Avoids “food for fuel”• Regional solutions
• Airplane compatibility
• Supply chain not mature
• Costs near-term 2nd Generation
Biofuel
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Sustainability Considers Environmental, Economic, Social Impacts
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.Does not compete with food or promote deforestation
Lower CO2 lifecycle
Boeing_Environment.ppt | 5
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Sustainable Biofuel Strategy
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
FuelApproval
FeedstockPathways
AirportInfrastructure
CommercialProduction
Advocacy
Five focus areas
Enable the industry to achieve market viability by 2 015
Acting as a Catalyst to Accelerate Broad Commercialization
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Sustainable Aviation Biofuels: Tested Rigorously and Chemically Validated
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Feb 2008 Virgin AtlanticCoconut and Babassu
Air New ZealandJatropha
Dec 2008 Jan 2009 ContinentalAlgae and Jatropha
Sustainable Biofuel Test Flights
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
Japan AirlinesCamelina, Jatropha, Algae
Jan 2009 Apr 2010 F/A-18Camelina
Boeing_Environment.ppt | 8
June 2010 Dutch AH-64 ApacheAlgae and Cooking Oil
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Sustainable Biofuel Strategy
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
FuelApproval
FeedstockPathways
AirportInfrastructure
CommercialProduction
Advocacy
Five focus areas
Enable the industry to achieve market viability by 2015
Acting as a Catalyst to Accelerate Broad Commercialization
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Candidate Sustainable Biofuel Feedstocks
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Oilseeds Algae Cellulosic Municipal Solid Waste
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Building Blocks to Creating Scalable Supply%
Bio
fuel
Fee
dsto
cks
Algae
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% B
iofu
el F
eeds
tock
s
Time
Oilseeds
Cellulosic
MSW
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JatrophaReady Now
• Warm climates only
• Manual harvest today
Challenges
CamelinaReady Now
• Limited total yield
• Tied to grain markets
Challenges
Candidate Sustainable Biofuel Feedstocks
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
• Bio-optimization
• Competing approaches
• Processing costs
AlgaeReady in 5 to 10 years
Challenges
HalophytesReady in 2 to 4 years
• Prove at scale
• Optimize agronomy
Challenges
Viability Based on Timing, Technology and Local ResourcesBoeing_Environment.ppt | 12
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Sustainable Biofuel Will Work in Existing Aviation Infrastructure
• Meets fuel performance requirements
• Requires NO change to airplanes
or engines
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.Boeing_Environment.ppt | 13
• Requires NO change to infrastructure
• Can be mixed or alternated with Jet fuel
from petroleum
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Five Focus Areas
Sustainable Biofuel StrategyEnable the industry to achieve market viability – by 2015
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
Acting as a Catalyst to Accelerate Broad Commercialization
Support andAdvocacy
Airport Infrastructure
Commercial Production
Boeing_Environment.ppt | 14
FuelsApproval
Feedstock Viability
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Working Together MOUs with CAAC, Air China, PetroChina
SAFUG-EuropeMember Projects
Sustainable aviation biofuel projects around the wor ld
Farm to Fly
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
Sustainable Aviation Fuels
Northwest
ProjectFlight Path
MasdarResearch Project
Aviation BiofuelRoad Map
LifeCycleAnalysis Latin America
Jatropha Sustainability
Study
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Biofuels case studies – see www.enviro.aeroA map showing current global development and research into biofuels
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Promoting Sustainable Biofuel for Aviation
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SAFUG is committed to advancing the development and commercialization of sustainable aviation biofuel
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Promoting Sustainable Biofuel for Aviation
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.Boeing_Environment.ppt | 18
Affiliates:
Members:
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Recent Biofuel Activity
Virgin Atlantic Biofuel Test Flight
Air New Zealand Biofuel Test Flight Boeing and Air China plan Biofuel Tests
Plan de Vuelo study completed Sustainable Aviation Fuels Northwest regional study completed
Boeing and American Airlines to Accelerate Quieter, Cleaner Aviation Technologies
ASTM Approves use of Bioderived Renewable Fuels Lufthansa begins scheduled commercial service on A320
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
Air New Zealand Biofuel Test Flight
Continental Airlines Flight Demonstrates Use of Sustainable BiofuelsJAL Flight Brings Aviation One Step Closer to Using Biofuel
KLM flies first commercial passenger flight; announces regular service
Boeing Issues First Latin American Study on Jatropha Sustainability
Honeywell UOP flies Lindbergh’s route across Atlantic
Boeing 747-8F Flies Historic Biofuel Flight: Seattle to Paris – all engines on biofuel
Biofuels Flightpath framework program announced
Thomson Airways set for first commercial UK biofuels flight
Finnair to begin regular commercial service
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H3C CH3
CH3
CH3
Ideal Carbon Length C8Ideal Carbon Length C8--C16 C16
Paraffins
Normal Paraffins Iso-paraffins Cyclic Paraffins
Aromatics
70%-85%
The Chemistry of Typical Jet Fuel
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
CH3
S
OH
Olefins
Sulfur, Nitrogen, Oxygen ContainingCompounds
< 25%
(<5%)
Acids, phenols, etc
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Standard Practice for Qualification and Approval of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and Fuels Additives
Fuel Specification
Properties
Fit-for-Purpose
Properties
Test Program OEM Internal Review Specification Change
Reject or Additional Data as
Required
ASTM Review & Ballot
Fuels Approval Process – ASTM D 4054
OEM Internal Review
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Properties
Component or Rig Tests
Engine Endurance
Test
FAA Revie
w
Reject or Additional
Data as Required
Required
ASTM Specification
OEM ApprovalIncorporate into Fuel Specification
with FAA Consensus
RESEARCH REPORT
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• Recognition of fuel feedstocks
– Parity for algae, oilseeds
– Co-product approvals
• Government support of frameworks
Policy Needs
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• Government support of frameworks
– Security for would-be producers
– Permitting for production
• Long-term contracting authority
for governments
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Farm to Fly
• Initiative between aviation industry and US government agencies to accelerate biofuel commercialization
• What: Address challenges of cost, feedstock availability
– Identify and advocate policy initiatives to launch end-to-end supply chain
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
Examples:
– Coordinate and integrate government policies
– Incorporate new feedstocks into existing laws
– US biorefinery capacity evaluation
– Potential to focus USG resources
SSG
Air Transport Association/Boeing: Partnering for Future Fuels
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First Transatlantic Biofuel Flight With Commercial Aircraft
747-8 Freighter flown to Paris Air Show on sustainable aviation biofuel - July 2011
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Progress
• Flight tests – met / exceeded expectations
• Regional assessments – PNW, Australia, Mexico, …
• Military platforms qualified
• ASTM HRJ SPK approval – eff. July 1st
• Commercial flights beginning – KLM, Lufthansa,
Sustainable Aviation Biofuel Progress Report
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26
• Commercial flights beginning – KLM, Lufthansa,
Thomson/TUI, Finnair…
Next Steps
• Continued emphasis on sustainability
• Research - expanded feedstocks/pathways
• Commercial production scale-up
• Stretch goal: 1st 1% by 2015 (~600 MGY)
Great progress. Superior fuel. Early in the journey
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Key focus areas: – Parity / Level playing field– Acceleration – scale and cost – Harmonization – Pathways- road mapping– Financing
Biofuel Policy Themes
Key regulatory areas:– Tax– Agriculture, Forestry
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– Agriculture, Forestry– Energy– Environment– Transportation
Ongoing work areas:– Look for gaps, opportunities– Craft recommendations, implement– Coordination with national, international
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Top Six SAFN Recommendations
• Strategic focus on sustainable fuels for aviation
• Stable, long-term policy to attract investment
• Support for aviation fuels under RFS2
• State and local support of infrastructure and training
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• Target regional R&D
• Incorporate sustainability criteria
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