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7/25/2019 Avionics jETSTREAM31

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AvionicsAvionics

Flight and Navigation InstrumentsFlight and Navigation Instruments

PanAm International Flight Academy, Inc. 2001


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Flight Instrumentation is pretty standard


3/129

Gyro Horizon called A!I

Pitch

"# mar$s

20# num%ers

i& horizon not in 'ie(,(ill sho( arro(s

)oll

10# mar$s to *0#

+"# dot

0# mar$


4/129

Airplane

red dot nose

yello( angle (ings

Glide -lope Pointer

2dots high or lo(

FD

ocalizer indication

/) sensiti'e


5/129

Pitch Attitude rim 3no%

non &unctional

some pilots use &or

con&irmation o&

clearance

horiz4position and

hold

up4cleared &or

ta$eo&&

horiz4cleared &or

approach

do(n4cleared to

land

FD


6/129

5arning Flags

6G7attitude in&ormation is in'alid

F!

Flight !irector in'alid

FD


7/129

-lip 8all

accurate %ut di&&icultto see

compare (ith large

needle9%all


8/129


9/129

:ompass -ystem

);I H-I


10/129

Flu< /al'es

(ing tips

%asic compass

!G !irectionalGyro

sta%ilization unit


11/129

e&t Flu< /al'e

:A H - I

F= );I

F!)

)ight Flu< /al'e

F= H - I

:A );I


12/129

-o>each pilot has t(o independentsources o& Heading


13/129

:ompass :ontrol Panel

Allo(s correcti'e

mo'ement o& heading

allo(s &ast erect


14/129

:=;P panel ?one &or each pilot@

!G

disa%les !G>allo(s compass to %e &ree

acti'ates !: 9I: s(itch to mo'e heading

;AG

sta%ilizes mag heading


15/129

:ompass -elector

8=H 1

=);

8=H 2


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18/129

Heading 68ug7

:aptain and F= %ug separate

controlled %y $no%

:aptainBs %ug is input to F!

no digital readout ?eye%all@

Glide -lope Indicator

repeater o& one on A!I


19/129

:!I ?:ompass !e'iation Indicator@

controlled %y $no%

no digital readout ?eye%all@

= 9 F)=; indicator

2 dot de'iation each side

/=)

=:


20/129

ormally

:A C1 radio&eeds :A :!I

F= C2 radio

&eeds F= :!I


21/129

H - I -elect s(itch

A/ 1 F?:aptain@

A/ 2 )IGH ?F=@

A/ 1 )IGH ?F=@

A/ 2 F ?:aptain@


22/129

H - I Indicator light

:aptain Green?normal@ &or A/ 1

s(itch in F position

A/ 1


23/129

H - I Indicator light

:aptain Am%er ?a%normal@&or A/ 2

s(itch in )IGH position

A/ 2


24/129

F= Indicator light

A/ 2 G)?normal@ (ith s(itch in F positionA/ 1 A;8)?a%normal@ (ith s(itch in )IGH position

A/ 2

A/ 1


25/129

Failure &lags

A/

na'igation re&erence is in'alid

N

A

V

H!G

heading re&erence is in'alid HDG

/)

glide slope re&erence is in'alid

noteD only acti'e (ith ocalizer&reEuency set into a' )ecei'er

/0)

2


26/129

);I ?)adio ;agnetic Indicator@

compass indication tied to opposite H - I

C1 eedle

s$inny

:aptainBs radio indication

C2 eedle

dou%le needle

F= radio indication

/=)9A!F changeo'er

Push Push

note indications


27/129

5arning Flag

po(er &ailure to compass

card

&i


28/129

Airspeed Indicator

)ed line

/mcair (ith Flaps 10

8lue line

single engine %est )ate o&:lim% at ma< ta$e o&&

(eight (ith Flaps P

5hite Arc

Flap*" e


29/129

8ar%er Pole

2"0 $ts /mo

reduces automatically

210 $ts 2",000 &eet

5arning Flag

lectrical po(er lost

airspeed indication still =3

gear (arning and o'erspeed

(arning inoperati'e


30/129

ormally * 6%ugs7 a'aila%le

calculated &rom per&ormance

data


31/129

Altimeter

!rum &or thousandsPointer &or hundreds

Altimeter set

$no% and (indo(

5arning FlagCODE

OFF

A: encoder o&&

normally, A:gets altitude in&o

&rom :aptain.

may ha'e

trans&er s(itch


32/129

/ertical -peed Indicator ?/-I@

:A- display, i&

installed


33/129

-tand%y Gyro

center panel

ssential !: ?no independent po(er source@


34/129

-tand%y Gyro

%asic instrument

"# pitch mar$s

10# num%ers

10# roll mar$s

Fast rect $no%

5arning Flag


35/129

-tand%y :ompass


36/129

-tand%y :ompass


37/129

8asic Flight Instruments.

Juestions K


38/129

Flight !irector

he pilots %est &riend or (orst enemy LL


39/129

(o $inds

/%ars

:rosshairs

-ame in&ormation


40/129

:rossHair

horizontal %ar4pitch guidance


41/129

:rossHair

'ertical %ar4roll guidance


42/129

he Pilots Mo% is to $eep the 6red %all7 airplane at the intersection

o& the crosshairs


43/129

Flight !irector programmed &rom :ontrol Panel Must %elo( :AP

push %uttons


44/129

Pitch ;odes right side


45/129

)oll ;odes le&t side


46/129

Pitch can %e used (ithout )oll

8ut )oll can not %e used (ithout Pitch


47/129

Pitch ;odes A'aila%le

A

A

/- ?'ertical speed@

/-

IA- ?indicated airspeed@

IA-

-8 ?stand%y@ is the =FF %utton

-8

A- is not opera%le onaircra&t (ithout an auto ilot


48/129

Altitude Hold ? A@

A

Pro'ides attitudenecessary to holdaltitudeat time o& selection

independent o& po(er setting

independent o& airspeed


49/129

/ertical -peed ? /-@

/-

Pro'ides attitudenecessary to hold'ertical speedat time o& selection


independent o& airspeed

independent o& altitude


50/129

Indicated Air-peed ? IA-@

IA-

Pro'ides attitudenecessary to holdindicated airspeedat time o& selection


independent o& altitude


51/129

)oll ;odes a'aila%le

H!G

H!G

A/

A); :AP

AP)

ARMCAP

8:A); :AP

/=) AP)

A); :AP


52/129

(o concepts %e&ore continuing (ith the )oll ;ode

1. )oll :ommand 8ar is an Angle o& 8an$ indicator

= a course indicator

pro'ides a command to an

angle o& %an$ necessary to

achie'e program desired

centered roll command %ar

indicates aircra&t is at desired

angle o& %an$

do not le'el (ings

hold (hat you ha'e


53/129

2. A);'ersus :AP)

A);4F! is armed to see$ a radio signal

:AP)4 F! has acEuired that radio signal and (ill pro'ide a roll

command to capture that signal and trac$that signal

ARMCAP


54/129

Heading ? H!G@

H!G

Pro'ides an angle o& %an$necessary tosee$ and holdheadingas indicated %y

heading %ug on :aptainBs H - I.


55/129

A/IGA ? A/@

A);:AP

Pro'ides angle o& %an$necessary to see$, capture, and

trac$ a course or localizer as

selected on the :aptainBs :!I

A);4see$ing

:AP4identi&ied and roll

command %ar acti'ated

I& signal not immediately

acEuired, H!G(ill

automatically %e acti'ated untilsignal is identi&ied


56/129

APP)=A:H ? AP)@

A);:AP

Actually a pitch mode, used (ith an I-

Pro'ides pitchattitudenecessary to see$

and hold glide slope on an I- approach

=: &reEuency must %e tuned

(ill automatically arm A/

(ill arm H!Gi& A/ not :AP


57/129

8ac$ :ourse ? 8:@

A); :AP

Pro'ides angle o& %an$ necessary to hold%ac$ courseas selected on :aptain :!I

&ront course set in

pre'ents re'erse sensing


58/129

/=) APP)=A:H ? /=)@

A);:AP

Pro'ides angle o& %an$ necessary to see$

and trac$ /=) course as set on the

:aptainBs :!I

same as A/, %ut more sensiti'e


59/129

G= A)=! mode

Acti'ated %y %utton on le&tPo(er e'er

Pro'ides

10# nose up pitch command

(ings le'el roll command


60/129

;ode Indicator)epeats (hat is selected on the F! panel

Glareshield panel is what you ordered

;ode Indicator is what you have

F= may or may not ha'e a panel


61/129

:- 8. :. A);8. :. :AP

H!G

A :AP

A/ A); APR ARM

A/ :AP AP) :AP

GA

ALT ARM /=) AP)A);!

/=) AP)

:AP

IA-

/.-.

=D

not in the same

order as the

glareshield lights


62/129

:- ouch :ontrol -teering

allo(s adMustment o& pitch command %ar

in%oard side o& out%oard yo$e


63/129

esting the Flight !irector Panel


64/129

5e ha'e a short 'ideo on the Flight !irector

starringD

Harrison Ford

and

Nulia )o%erts


65/129

:omm and a'


66/129

:omm )adios

a' )adios

A!F and9or ransponder

sometimes


67/129

A'ionics ;aster

;ain

ssential


68/129

= 9 =FF s(itch

/HF :omm )adios


69/129

!ual /HF comm

2 &reEuencies Acti'e and -tand%y


70/129

rans&er s(itch

P to trans&er

!=5 to select ;emory &reEuency ?memory holds preset &reEuencies@


71/129

se -= %utton to store &reEuency into ;;=)

Press once to display a'aila%le channel

tune &reEuency

press second time to store &reEuency


72/129

FreEuency tuner

outer and inner dial


73/129

- %uttonall eights, then dashes on top and 00 on %ottom


74/129

ight -ensorAutomatically controls %ac$ground lighting


75/129

! !isplays;;4 a memory preset &reE is in lo(er (indo(

);4 remote tuning o& the radio instead o& control head

O 4 radio is in transmit mode

A:4 &reE is %eing changed or actual &reE is di&&erent &rom one sho(n


76/129

ormal useD

le&t radios are A:

right radios are company, AI-, other


77/129

Headset plug in pointote the o


78/129

8==; 9 ;A-3 s(itch must %e in 8==; &or headset to transmit

Some aircraft have capacity for a ha! mi"e i a!!itio to #oom mi"e


79/129

)adios are controlled %y a ::- panel on each pilot side panel


80/129

::- panel ?communications control system@


81/129

ransmit

rotary s(itch

)ecei'e

le'ers


82/129

/olume control independent o& 'ol control on radio control head

radio

intercomm


83/129

here is also a spea$er in the o'erhead


84/129

mergency -(itch

=);A allo(s ::- to control radios

;)G: %ypasses ::- and connects directly to radio


85/129

:aptainBs o$e -(itch

F=Bs o$e -(itch


86/129

Push &or(ard to transmit (hat is

on )otary ransmit o& ::-

spring loaded to center =FF

Pull %ac$ to ha'e a hot mi$e

%et(een pilots

(ill stay in position


87/129

/HF a'igation

%asically the same &unctions as the :=;; recei'er heads


88/129

= 9 =FF s(itch

H! !; hold position

(ill hold the A:I/ &reE !; (hen it is s(itched to -8

do =recommend use (ith remote !; indicator


89/129

! display has 6!; H!7 position

memory presets hold + &reEuencies ?:omm held @


90/129

!; indicator

ach pilot has separate, independent control head


91/129

P5) 4 =n9 =&& s(itch


92/129

-

push to change to * possi%le indications in right (indo(


93/129

-tation Ident

+ letter identi&ier

dashes


94/129

;inutes to the -tation


95/129

Ground -peed

3ts = the station


96/129

:H ?channel@

push to change &or choice o& three !; stations


97/129

:hannel C1 !; :hannel C2 !;

:hannel C* !;

H! ! display a' control head is in !; Hold position


98/129

H! ! display a' control head is in !; Hold position

ight -ensor automatically controls intensity o& display


99/129

;ar$er 8eacons

out%oard o& &light instruments on %oth pilotBs panels

=)

;I!!

AI)5A-


100/129

ight Intensity :ontrol

!I; 9 8)IGH

light intensity

HI 9 =5

signal intensity


101/129

/olume :ontrol

Al i d Al


102/129

Altitude Alert

center instrument panel

=n 9 =&&

?also &unction s(itch@

)G

set tones

-

select altitude

8A)

altimeter

A

pressure alt


103/129

-et -(itch

t(o speeds


104/129

"0 &t %elo(

"0 a%o'e

2"0 &t

2"0 &t

alert light illuminates

Q tone

alert light e


105/129

ransponder

standard

center

instrument panel


106/129

:oc$pit /oice )ecorder

*0 minute tape

ssential !: po(er ?no =9=FF s(itch@

Inputs


107/129

Inputs

/HF C1

/HF C2

intercomm

area mic

- %utton


108/129

- %utton

associated meter (ill de&lect &or each input channel ?+@

HA!- input

plug in headset

hear area mic (ith time delay


109/129

)A- %utton

par$ing %ra$e =

-Euat -(itch made


110/129

:/) location

Also %ac$ there is the F!)

?Flight !ata )ecorder@


111/129

Flight !ata )ecorder

P=5)

11" A: main and 2 !: main

engines operating

IP-

'ertical accelerometer

);I heading

::- input &or radio e'ents

pitot and static input &or airspeed and altitude


112/129

F!)

FAI

F!)

FAI

F!) &ail annunciator


113/129

F!)

2" hours o& tape

(ill (riteo'er a&ter that

(ill (ithstand GBs

&ire and impact resistant

is also %ac$ here

mergency ocator ransmitter ?@


114/129

mergency ocator ransmitter ?@

internal %atter po(er "2 hours duration

automatically acti'ated %y Q" GBs

121." and 2+*

antenna on le&t rear tail


115/129

)adio Altimeter


116/129

)adio Altimeter

Indicator AG

-et $no%

controls indicator (indo(

!H light

illuminates (hen

actualaltitude is %elo(

setaltitude

)adio Altimeter -


117/129

)adio Altimeter -

Rero altitude set in

(indo(

push and hold set %utton

indicator to +0 &eet

release set %uttonset in altitude a%o'e +0 &t.

push set %utton and

o%ser'e !H light

GP5- ?Gro nd Pro imit 5arning - stem@


118/129

GP5- ?Ground Pro


119/129

5arnings ?in order o& priority@

5H==P, 5H==P, P P

))AI

== =5 ))AI

== =5 GA)

== =5 FAP-

;II;;-

-I3 )A

!=B -I3

GI!-=P

;ode 1


120/129

;ode 1

aircra&t is closing (ith ground

-I3 )A Q red light>H 5H==P, 5H==P, P P

;ode 2


121/129

;ode 2

ground and aircra&t closing

))AI, ))AI Q red light > then 5H==P, 5H==P

;ode *


122/129

;ode *

altitude loss a&ter ta$e o&& or goaround

!=B -I3, !=B -I3

e&&ecti'e only %elo( 00 &eet AG

; d +


123/129

;ode +

aircra&t close to ground %ut not con&igured &or landing

6too lo(, gear7

6too lo(, &laps6too lo(, terrain7

; d "


124/129

;ode "

descent %elo( glide slope on an I- approach

1.* dots lo(

6GI! -=P7

2 dots lo(

$GL%DE SLOPE&

aural (arning and 'isual 6%elo( G9-7 (arning

;ode


125/129

;ode

descent %elo( set altitude

6minimums, minimums7

*00 &eet

5arning ights


126/129

5arning ights

red GP5-associated (ith 5hoop, 5hoop, P P

am%er 68elo( G9-7

red 6GP5- I=P7

red 6G9- :A:!7

am%er 6FAP =)I!7

:=:3


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:=:3

=utside Air emp


128/129

=utside Air emp

Juestions K


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