The EverydayPocket Handbookfor Arc Welding Steel

a series

Compiled as a usefultoolfor on-the-job weldingpersonnel by an AWSPresidential Task GrouP

I

@ 1994 by American Welding Society. A[ rightr rcservedPrintEd in the UnitEd Srstes of America

r|FIilEfrffi

NOTD: Although carE wa$ lrken in choosing and presenting the drta in this guide, AwS carmot gu&&nree that it isenor frEe. Further, tlfs guide is not int€nded to b€ an e raustive t€afrnent of the topic ald theFfore may not include ellavailable information, incftding wift rcspect to safety and heaith issuea. By publishing lhi$ grdde, AWS does not in$neanyorc using the infc,nnation it contains against any liability or indury to ploperty or pe$ons arising ftom Om use.

2

\- .,-, .'- \-/ \r \-i \-r \r \r v .J !- v \, v

Table of ContentsBasic Safety hecautions

Electsodest Classification, Size, Amps,Deposition RateClassification System for Carbon Steel

Elecfiodes for SMAW.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6SMAW E6010 Etecfodes....

Carbon Arc Gouging Electrodes....................... t5Deposition Rare for Mild Steel for CMAW........... 16Recommended Copper Cable Sizes........................ l7Guide to Electrode Conditioning and Storage........ 1gWelding Positions - Filler (plate)......................... t9Welding Positions - Groove (plate) ..................... 20Welding Positions - pipeThickness and Weight of Steel plates -

U32 to 2 inch... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .How to Use Weld Fi l ler cage... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Pipe Size and Wall Thicknesses... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Tests to Identi t , rh€ Mater. ial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Schedule for Oxyfuel

using Nanual GasCutting

usmg Acetylene Gasusing Propylene Gas

Basic Welding Symbols and Their Locarion..........32I-ocation of Elements of a Welding Symbol........ ... 34

SMAW E60t I EIecrrodes... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77'7

SMAW E6012 ElectrodesSMAW E60I3 ElecnodesSMAW E7018 Elecuodes 23SMAW E7024 Elecrrodes... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Classification Syslem for Solid and ComDosrE

Carbon Steel Electrodes for GMAW.-......... l0GMAW ER7oS-X Short Arc Elecrodes ._.........11CMAW ER70S-X Spray Arc Elecnodes... . . . . . . . . I IGMAW E7oC-XX Merat Cored EtecEodes......l2Classification Sysieil for Carbon Steel

Elecuodes for FCAW.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13FCAW ETXT-X Gas-shielded Electrodes ........ l4FCAW Self-Shielded Elecrrodes... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . r4

{

29303 1

\

Basic Safety Precautions

Burn Protection. Molten metal, sparks, slag,and hot work surfaces are produced by welding,cutting, and allied processes. These can causebums if precautionary measures are not used.Workers should wear protective clothing madeof fire-res istant material. pant cuffs, open pock-ets, or other places on clothing that can catchand retain molten metal or sparks should not bewom. High-top shoes or lealher legging( andIrre-resistant gloves should be wom. pant leesshould be wom over rhe oulside of hieh+op\hoes. Helmers or hand shields Lhar provide pro-tection for the face, neck, and ears, and a headcovedng to protect the head should be used. Inaddition, approp ate eye protection should beuseo.

Electrical Hazards. Electuic shock can kill.However, it can be avoided. Live electdcal paftsshould not be touched. The manufacturer,sinstructions and recorwended sale practicesshould be read and undersrood. Faulry inslalla_tlonr rmproper grcunding, and inconect opera-t ion and maintenance of eleclr ical equipmenlare all sources of danger.

All electrical equipment and the workpieceshould be gounded. The wo*piece lead isnot a ground lead. It is used only to completethe welding circuit. A sepamte conlection isrequlred to ground the workpiece. The work-piece should lrot be mistaken for a groundconnection.

Fumes and Gases. Many welding, cutting,and allied processes produce furnes and gaseswhich may be harrnJul ro bealth. Avoid breath-ing the air in the fume plume dircctly above rhearc. Do not weld in a confined area without aventilation system. Use point-of-welding fumeremoval when welding gal\anjTed steel. zinc,lead, cadmium, chromium, manganese, brass, orbrcnze. Do not weld on piping or containersthat have held hazardous materials unless thecontainers have been inerted properly.

"i'r oi""i* E""irr;d"; ;"p ;, ";cylirders when not in use. Make sule that gascylinders are chained to a wall or other sruc-tural support.

Fadiation. Arc welding may produce ultra-violet, inirared, or light radiation. Always wearprotective clothing and eye protection to pro_tect the skin and eyes from mdiation. Shieldothe$ from lighr radiation from youl weldingoperation.

8#,if:: t*..-"tds a personal copv of "Arc welding safely" and "Fire safety in welding and

*

r

Glassification System for Garbon Steel Electrodes for SMAW

E X X Y Y - T H Z R

T',c:i5f - .]:y"9. ftis desisnaror may be derered hom the producr rmprinr rcqurred forloenurcarron ot the electrode_

Designates rhe tensile str€ngth (miniinum), in ksi, of the weld nerat whe, poduced in accord_ance with the tesr assembly prepantion plocedue of this specificarion_

Desjgnate, rhe welding posirion in $hich etecEodes are usabte. tle rype of coterins. and dlelind of weldins cu-nenr for sbich rhe etectrode( are suirabte.

Optionrl Supplen€ntrl Dssignators:

DesiSn-ares lhfl Ine elemode meeh $e requrremenrs of rhe ab,oroed moiirG lesr ranloplonai,supprementdt

re\t lor a to$ b).lrogen etecEode( except fie f70t8M ctrssificadon,rorwnrcn tne test 6 rcouftd)

Designare( drzl tie elecEode meers rhe requiremenls of de diflisibte hydoqen tesl ranopronar rupptemenlat re<l ot lhe wetd meLat fiom los oydrogen electrodes, as:rc{eived orconditioned - with an average value nor €xceeding .2,;

^L-of H, p", rOOi "ia"p""r,Jmetal, where'z" is 4.8. or 16).

Designates rhar thr decftde (E7016, E7Ot8, or E7024) neers the requnements for inplovedtoughness - ,nd ducriiity in the case of 87024_

6

r..Depsiliomre in lbs/b ba\ed on l0o% e time. May vary s irhin:,vr. rDeen'crency. wi-h a 2 \rub tos,. a app_o(halet) 60a

SMAW Electrodes

E6011

Diameter (in.) Amps o6p. Ratel3/32 50 0.8

70 1.21/8 1 1 0 2.O

130

5/32 140 3.5

175 4.03t16 170 4.0

190 4.27/32 i75

220 5 . 11 Deposition nte in tbs/br baed on 100% e time. May vdy w,thnalo%. The efficiency, with a 2,, snlb lo$, h apprcximaiely 60%.

SMAW Eleclrodes

E6010

Dlameter (tn,) Amps Dep. Ratel3/32 50 0.8

70 t.2i/8 100 2.1

130

5/32 144

1',70 2.93/16 160 3.3

190 3.5782 190 4.5

230 5.1

I

f

SMAW Electrocle6

E6012

Dlameter (ln.) Amps Dep. naler

t/8 100

130 2.9

5/32 165 3.2

200

3t16 224 4.O

244

7t32 275 4.8

320 5.6

1/4 320 5.6

180 7.1

1 Deposition 6te in lbsAr brsed on 100% dc 1ine. May vary withini10%, The eiTiciency, witl a 2 6tub to$, h approxinarely 60%.

8

SMAW Electrodeg

E6013

Di6meter (in.) Amps Dep. Raiel

60 0.9

1.2

1/8 100

135 3.0

5t32 140 2_6

180

3/16 180 3.2

220 4.r7t3) 250 5.3

290 6 . 1

1. D€posnion rale id lbs4r based on l |]O4] N 1ime. May vart wirhina10%. Ihe efficiencr. with a 2' stub los, is approxina;ry 60%.

SMAW Electrodeg

E7018

Diameter (ln.) Amps oep. Falel

3t32 70 1.4

1 1 0 l_1

l/8 120 2.6

160 3.0

5/32 150 3 .1

z(fr 4.3

3n6 200 4.9

2',75'7t32 250 6.5

340

l. Deposilim rute in lbs/bi bed o! 100% N time. May vary wibin!10%. Tle etricjency, eith a 2" stub los, is approxirotely 60%.

SMAW Eleclrodes

E7024

Diameter (in.) Amps Dep. Ral€l

l/8 140 4.2

180

5/12 180 5.3

240 '7.2

3/16 245 7.5

290 9 . 1' 32 320 9.4

360 11.6

!4 400 12.6

1 Deposition 6te in lbvhr based on i00% N tine. Mry val wiurini10%. The efficien y, wilh a 2 stub los, h ap!rcxinately 60%

I

:

Ctassification System for Solid and GompositeCarbon Steel Electrodes for GMAW

Indicates use as either an elertrode or rod (ER), or use only as an elecrode (E).

Indicates, in 1,000 psi (6.9 MPa) increnents, the rninimum tensile strength of the weld metal

Foduced by the ele.tode when tested according to this specification. ln this case' 70 indi-cates 70,000 psi.

Indicates whether the fiIer netal is solid (S) or conposite (C)

(for solid wne)

Indicates the type of shietding gas used for classification of composite electrodes. Carbondioxide shielding is indicated by "c'' and 75-80% tu/balance CO2 is indicated bv "M'.

Indicales the chernical conposition of a solid electode or the chemical composition of therveld metal produced by a conposite electtode. The use of lhe "GS" sutrix d€signaEs nllermetals intended for single-pa5s apPlications only.

10

GMAW Electrod.s

EF7oS-X Spralt Arc

Dlameter(lnJ Amps Volts Dep.

Relel

.030 150

200 28 6.8

.035 t15 6.1

290 28 12.0

.045 200 24

315 30 t2.5

ut6 275 24 8.7

500 32 18.0

3/32 350 29 10.0

600 33 20.0

1 D€losidon 6te in lbs&r bas.d otr 100% @ rift M.y vdy wirhin

.10%. Deposinon .fficiency is 4sDm€d 10 b. 9E%.

l l

E R T O S

E 7 0 C

xX Y

E

GMAW Electrodes

ER70$X Short Arc

Dlameter( inJ Amps Volts Dep.

Ralel

.030 'to l5 t .2

130 2 l 2,r

.035 80 16 2.1

190 22

.045 100 \'7 2.',|

225 22 8.0

1. Deposition 6i. in lbs/br baed on 10096 at tinc Mav vev tithinr10%. Deposinon cfficiclcy is 6sMed to be 94%- I

E7oC-XX GMAW Electrodes

Metalcored 75% Arl25% CO" Shlelded

Dlameter( in.) Amps Volts Dep.

Rater

.035 150 25

250 29 9.4

.045 250 28 8.0300 32 1 1 . 6

.o52 215 8.0

325 30 10.1

r/16 300 30 8.6

450 34 t6.2

5t64 350 27 11.6

500 29 20.4

3t32 400 31 11.5

550 32 21.0

l Deposidon Fte itr lbs/hr based on 100% @ 1ime. May vdy withir:10%, Deposilion efficiency is assM€d to be 92%.

12

Classificataon System for Carbon Steel Electrodes for FCAWDesignabes an elecEode.

This designator is either 6 or 7. It indicates the mininum tensile snengfi (in psi x 10,000) of theweld metal when the weld is nade in the manner prescribed by this specification.

This designator is eitlpr 0 or 1. Ii indicates fte posirions of welding for which the electrode isidended. (0 is for flat and horizontal position only. I is for aI posilions.)

This desigDator indicates thal the electode is a flux cored electrode.

This designator is some number ftom I throush 14 or the letter ..c" with or withour an ,.S', foltowing. The nurnber rcfels to the usabiliry of the electrode. The .,G'. indicares that rhe exremal shield-ing. polarity, and impact propenies are not specified. The ,.S,' indicares rhai the electrode is suirablefor a weld consisting of a single pass. Such an elecFode is not suitabie for a nulrj-pass weld.

An "M" designator in tnis position indicates thar the electrode is classified usins 1s-BO% arconlbalance CO) (luelding gas. when he M designato' does nomppear. n (igoif;s har eifte;deshielding gas used for classification is CO, or tha! tlle producr is a ser-shielded Foducr.Optional Supplem€ntsl Deelglr'ton

D€signates that the electrode meets the requirements of tne diffusible hydrogen lest (an oprionalsupplenental test of the weld metal with an average value nor exceeding ..2' n[ of Hz pef l00g ofdeposiled metal where "2" is 4, 8, or 16).

E X X T - X M J I I z

l

ment of 20 ftlbr at -40'F (27J at -40'C)- Absence of the "J" indicaies normal impacr r€quiremenb.t3

;

FCAW Electrodes

ETXT-X Gas-Shielded

Olam.(in.)

wFs(ipm) Volls Amp

(DCEP)DepRaler

.045 200600

28 150320 12]

.052 150600

2537

155430 l'l.6

\^6 150500

2',139

190500

6.120.r

5t64 l12258

26 250450

6.414.8

3t32 1242',t8

30 350550

9.621.3

'7 /64 140190

3036

550700

t '7. l23.O

l/8 1 1 1194

3238

600850

t6.224.2

FCAW ElectrodesSelf-Shielded

Diam.(ln)

wFs( ipm) Volts Amp D€p.

Ratel

E71Tn !.045

1401 51 8

(DCEN)

2250.92.6

.068 56 1',ll 9

r60275

2.r5.2

E70T-43t32 165

263 30

(DCEP)354400

13.816 .1

.tzo 10133

450550

13.0

E70l-73t32 135

262',729

(DCEN)325400

8.8t2.6

'7 t64 t2D1',75

2931

400490

1 1 . 515.8

1. Deposilion Fte in lb$/h! based on 100% dc tine. Mav vary vnhin1.Depositionrale in lbs/hbased on 1OO% dc time Mav varv wilhin

lr"r#**"^'^*-*-

7 4

Carbon Arc Gouging Electrodes

suggesled curenl Banges tor lhe Commonly used CAc-A Electrode Types and Diameters

Electrode Diameter DC Electrode ',vllh DCEB A AC Electrode with AC, A

ln , mm mrn max mtn max

5t32 4.O 90 150

3t16 4.8 150 200 150 200

u4 200 400 200 300

5l16 250 450

3t8 9.5 350 600 300 s00

u2 t) .1 600 1000 400 600

5/8 15.9 800 1200

3t4 19.1 1200 1600

I 25.4 1800 2)00{

:??F

DeDosltlon Rate for Mlld Steel tor GMAW

PLOT OF WIRE FEED SPEED AND DEPOS]TION RATE

eEa@J

F HE ;F 6= <E . E8 Hc t tH =

al

t5

16

Recomm€nded CoPPer Cable Sizea

Cablo SlzeE for Comblned Lengths ot Electrode and Work Cables

AmpereaPercent

Duty cfcle 0 to 50 ft. 50 to lmft. 100 to 150 ft. 150 to 200 ft,

100 20 8 4 3 2

150 40 6 5 3 2

225 20 3 2 I

250 40 2 2

3m 60 7to IID 1/0 ao

350 60 U0 uo u0 ao

400 60 2n ao u0 3to

5m 60 uo 2.D 3to 3to

f

3@ 400 5@ 600 7m

WIRE FEEO SPEEO IN INCHES,MINUTE

_ + t _

Guide to Elestrode and

AWSEleclrode

Classlflcatlon

Air Condllloned StorageBelore Openlng

FH = Relalive Humidlty

HoldingTemperatur€Atter Opening

Reconditlonlng Temperature and Timeto Afl€ct weld ouality

Recondlllon SleD #1 Rebako Step *2

EXX10, EXX11,EXXl2, EXX13

Keep Dry @ Room

40'-120'F6oEo (!10%) RH

100'F (+25')Not Requhed

NEVER STOREABOVE 130'ORBELOW 50% RH

Not Required

EXX2O, DO{30

EXXr4,EXX24,EXXZT

90'F (+20')50% Max. RH I50'-200"F

250'-3m'FONE HOUR ONE HOUR

TWO HOI,R TOTAL

Low HydrogenEXXl8, EXX28Low Hy&ogenEXX15, EXXl6

90'F (120')50% Max. RH 300"F(+s01

500.-600"FONE HOUR

700'F (+s0)ONE.HALF HOUR

ONE & ONE-HALF HOUR TOTAL

Low Hydrogen-High TensileDOO(15, EXXXl6,E)C(xl8

90'F (*20)50% Max. Rt{ 300'F(r50")

s00.-600"FONE HOUR

650"F (r50)ONE-HALF HOUR

ONE & ONE-HALF HOUR TOTAL

1 8

Welding Positions - Flllet (plate)

WELOAXISHOFIZONTAL

WELD AXISHORIZONTAL

2F (HORTZONTAL)

WELD AXISHORIZONTAL -

4F (OVERHEAD)I

l9

tI

\

Welding Positions - Groove (plate)

PLATES HOBIZONIAL

PLATES VERTICAL

PLATES VERTICAL

3G

20

Welding Positiona - Plpe

,-<.-<-\(----=! 5 prpE HoRrzo^nAL, RorArED.1n\ I ). - 1-*. WELD FLAr (+1s.). DEpostr

-pW*- FILLER MErAL AroR NEAR rHE roP

1G NOTATED

PIPE OR TUBE VERTICAL; NOTROTATED DURING WELDING.WELD HORIZONTAL (r15'1.

PLATES HORIZONTAL

A

;

* '

Weldlng Positions - PiPe (contd)

sG A-T--\+- rN-5=-@=N:=' +tl U _iPIPE oR ruBE HoRlzoNrAL (rls')i Nor RorArED \L----*----DURING WELDING, WELD FLAT, VEBTICAL, OVERHEAD.

6GB; T, K, Y CoNNECTION

BESTRICTION RING

TESTWELD

PIPE INCLINED FIXED(45'r5'); NOT ROTATEDDUBING WELDING.

22

Thickness and Weight of Steel Platesr 'll32-'l Inch

Ga!ge Fractlon Decimal mm tb,tfi,

22 !32 0.031 oJ94 Ln5

16 l^6 0.063 1.588 2.550

13 3t32 0.094 2.381 3.825

l l 1/8 0.125 3.175 5.100

5t32 0.156 3.969 6.3',75,7 3l16 0.188 4.763

'7.650

5 1t32 o.219 5.556 8.925

3 lt4 0.250 6.350 10.200

9t32 0.281'7.t44 lr.4'75

5/16 0.313'7.937 r2.750

t!32 o_344 8.731 r4.oz53t8 0.375 9.525 15.300

13t32 0.406 10.319 t6.515'7t16 0.438 1 1 . 1 1 2 17.850

15t32 o.469 1r.906 79.125

u2 0.500 12.700 24.4ffi

Gauge Fractlon oeclmal mm tbfit2

t7t32 0.531 t3.494 21.675

9l16 0.563 14.287 22.950

19t32 0.594 r5.081 24.225

5t8 0.625 15.875 25.500

21t32 0.656 16.669 26.',1',15

tu16 0.688 t'7.463 28.050

23t32 o.719 18.256 29.325

3t4 0.750 19.050 30.600

25t32 0.781 19.844 31.875

t3^6 0.813 20.638 33.150

2',7132 0.844 2t.431 34.425

7t8 0.875 22.225 35.700

29t32 0.906 23.Ot9 36.9',t5

15t16 0.938 23.813 38.250

3y32 0.969 24.606 39.525

I 1.000 25.400 40.800

I

I

* :

Fraction D€cimal mm tb/ft,t-l132 1.031 26.\94 42_O',75l l /16 1.063 26.988 43.3501-3/32 1094 2? J8r 44.625r 1/8 1 . 1 2 5 28.5',75 45.9001-5t32 1 . 1 5 6 29.369 4',1.r75'1-3/t6

1.188 30.163 48.450I-',7132 t.2t9 30.9s6 49.725l,-U4 1.250 31.750 51.000l-9/32 1 . 2 8 1 32.544 52.2751-5^6 1_313 33.338 53.550r-tt/32 1.344 3 4 . 1 3 1 54.8251,3/8 1.375 )4_925 56.1001-t3t32 1.406 35.',719 57.3751-1/16 1.438 16.513 58.6s0t-15/32 t.469 t7.306 59.925t-1/2 1.500 38.100 61.2W

Thlckness and Welghi of Steel Plates: l-2 inch

24

How to Use Weld Flllet Gage

PLACEMEI.IT

BE CERTAIN BLADEEDGE IS SQUABEWITH WELDED PARTS,

CONVEX WELDS CONCAVE WELDS

FOR CONVEX WELDS: USE ELADE W|TH STNGLE ARC ATAPPROPRIATE SIZE. FOB CONCAVE WELDS: USE BLADEWITH DOUBLE ARC ATAPPROPRIATE SIZE.

25

I

Fraction Declmal mm tb/ft,t-17/32 1.531 18.894 62.4',75r,9/16 1.563 39.688 63.750t-19u2 1.594 40481 65 0251,5/8 1.625 41.275 66.3001-21/32 t.656 42.069 67.5751-11/16 1.688 ' 42.863 68.8501-23t32 t_719 43.656 70.t251-3t4 1.750 44.450 71.4001-25/32 1.781 45.244 72.675r-13/16 L 8 1 3 46.038 '73.950

t-27/32 t.844 46.831 '75.225

1-',7/8 1.875 47.625 76.500l-29132 1.906 48.419t-15/16 1.938 49.213 79.0501-3t/32 t.969 50.006 80.325

2 2.000 50.800 81.600

L Schedules 5s dd 1Os e availabte h cotusion resislant nareriak md Sch€dule 10s n ako available in ctrbon st€el in sizes 12 in. and snaller.2. Thickn€s*s shown in rralrr re aho arailable in stainless sreel, under the designaiion Schedule 40s3. Thic*nesses shown in ,alrr de aho available in stainle$ sreel, under the designalion Schedlle 80s

26

Commercial Pipe Sizes and Wall Thicknesses (asA-836 10 and 836 19)

NominalPlpeSlze

OutsldeDiam.

Nominal Wall Thicknegses in inches forSched.

5s'Sched.

1osrStan-datd2

sched.40 xs3 Sched.

80Sched.

120Sched.

160xx

Strong1/81/4

0.4050.540

0.0490.065

a.a684.488

0.0680.088

4.4954 . 1 1 9

0.0950.119

3t8lt2

0.6750.840 0.065

0.06s0.083

a.a9I0.109

0.0910.109

0.1260. t47

0.126o.t4'l 0 . 1 8 8 0.294

3t4I

1.0501.315

0.06s0.06s

0.0830.109

0 .1130.133

0 .1130.133

0.1540.179

0.1540.179

o.2t90.250

0.3060.358

t-1t4r-1t2

1.6601.900

0.0650.065

0.1090.109

0.1100.145

0.1400.145

0.1914.240

0 . 1 9 10.200

o.2500.28r

0.3820.400

2 2.3',t52.875

0.0650.083

0.1090.120

4.1544.243

0.1540.203

4.2184.276

0.218a.276

0.344o.375

0.4360.552

33-lt2

3.54.0

0.0830.083

0.1200.120

0.2160.226

o.2t6o.226

0.3040.318

0.3000.318

0.438 0.600

50.0830.109

0.1200.134

0.2370.258

0.2310.258

0.3370.375

0.3370.375

0.4380.500

0.5310.625

o.6740.750

6 6.625 0.109 0.134 0.284 0.280 a.$2 0.432 0.562 0.719 0-864

NOTES:

Materlal ldentlticationLow Carbon Sieel M€d. Carbon Sle€l Hlqh carbon sl€sl Hlqh Sulph|lr St€el

A Appeatunceresl Ddk Grey Ddk Grey Dark Giey

(Fa uapnencrest\=r<

Strongly Maglelic StrongLy Magnetic Slrongly MaStretic Strongly Magnelic

f>- ,o*rr*, Conlinuous ChipSmooih EdgesChips Easily

Snoorh EdgesChips Easily

Htrd to Chip Snoolh EdgesChips Easily

aE F,.",,"r",, Bright Grcy Very Light Ctr€y Very Lieht Grey Bright GleyFine Grair

@.,-"r*, Becones BriShtRed Before Melting

Becomes BrightRed Before Meltins

Becomes BriSltRed Before Meltins

Becomes BrighrRed Befde Melting

Oofa,--..",.tlor b6r r$uts, lse at l6t 5,000surf&e fet pd ninute on slinding

(ch !-8 P'M') = sF p*Mii

tzZ=:

Yellov Lin6 Spliss vdyY€llow Li.s Bnent Bu$Vay Cled Nmerous Srd *"it!":ffi*'*

21

I

Material ldentif iqalion (cont d)Stalnl€ss Sle€l

A Appeatancerest Dull Bright Dull Grey

Sdd Mold

Ligh! Grey

G- ,**'rr*' Slrotrgly Magnetic Stiongly Magnelic

fg ,,^,,^' Extrenely Hddro chisel Snoolh Brielt Color

Small Chips AboDt1/8 in., Not Easy to

Chip, BlittleSnooL! Edges, Soft &Easily Cut & Chipp€d

Q$ o-"*,,^' Bright BrittleBrighl Grey

ff n*r*, Becomes Bright Becomes BrighlRed Before Melting

Melts SlowlyBecones Bright

rcl\'.'rFor bst 6ults, us at l€osl 5,000sufre feet per ninnte on grinding

/ c n A R P M ) ^ - . _l----l-r

: ir etrlm 3 Veadim-LongSpw-

4 -a/_

*H:[:i,:g,l:?"

28

i. vi.,ii,""i iii"i,i"e ,p** dy be ca6ed by mill scale on Plare. vdiarion in oxvsen Puitv' ame 'djusinem condiriod of equipment'

rmouues In s tee l , t rd \ r ia r ion inhea l con len ' o ln r tmlgar' r l ro .dn l lo ror i l i ced ime ler ia " i l l va$ iLhedhL iDaccod ing lo rnmLte tur *q)Peormrcn

Guide for Manual Oxyfuel Gas Cutting Using Natural Gas

Plate Thickness(in.)

Diameler of Cultingorl l lcel( ln.)

NomlnalOrygenPressure (psi)

Mlnlmum Natural GasPressurc (psi)

Cuttlng Speed'?(ln./min)

y8 0.04r 30-40 2o z80.04 3H0 3-.6 18,28

30-40 3-6 l6-t

1t2 059 30-40 t3 l'7

3t4 .059 -40 3-6 10-15

.059 40 9-13t-u2 r.067 -50 'l-lz

0.01 40-50 3-6 6 1 02- 40 50 3-6 6-9

40-55 3 9 5-80.093 40-5: 3-9,-093 5 10

6 0 .1 t0 -60 107 0 . 1 1 50-708 50-7IO 1 1 0 50-7t2 1 1 0 -3 {

n

MaterlalThickness

(in)Drl l lSlze

Culting OrlflceDlameter (in.)(center hole)

ApproxlmatePressure ot Gas (psi)

Manuallravel Speed

(ln,/min.)Acetylene Orygen1/8 60 0.040 3 10 20 221t4 60 0.040 3 1 5 16-18

3/8 55 0.052 3 20 l,t-16

1/2 55 0.052 3 25 12-14

3t4 55 0.052 3f 10-1253 0.060 35 8 - 1 1

l-t/2 53 0.060 402 49 0.073 45

49 0.073 5 50 5-6

4 49 0.073 5 55

5 0.082 5 60 3+6 0.082 6 70

0.082 l

1, Ti!, drill or onfice diameler size will vdy with eeh tip according to nanufrctuer's specification.

30

Guide for Manual Oxytuel Gas Cutilng Using Acetylene

Guide tor Manual Oxyfuel Gas Cutting Using PropylenePlate Thlckness

(in.) Tlp Slze Fuel GasPressure (psl)

cuting oryggnPressure (psl)

Cutting Speed(lpm)

1/8 0000 30-50 24-343n6 3,7 30 50 24 34It4 5-10 30-50 22-323/8 0 5 1 0 30 50 20 30U2 0 5- 30-50 18,283t4 40-50

40 50 14-202 5 1 0 40 50 10-15

2-u2 5-10 50-60 9-t43 5H0 8-134 5-10 50 606 5 70-80 5-98 6 15 64,10 4-8

10 7 10-15 6AJO 4,5t2 10-15 40-10I4 9 10-15 50-8515 10 10-15 50-90 2-316 10-15 50-90 | 2 tlzl 8 l 2 10-15 50-90 l1

L Tip, diill or orifi.e dianeler size will vary with etuh dp addding 10 manufa.lud s speci{icalion.

31

^

;

Basic welding Symbols and Theil Location Significance

Edt

,.--];:I ',-.7 ,-w ,.-€

--_,, _-o___., e -

,-+

32

Basic Weldlng Symbols and Thelr Locatlon Slgnificance (contd)

U

*'---lr --*\, ,,-T

____L-\ -J-,/\ -\----L

1 r -x---\ s{- -r/--

-+----'. e

FrNrsHsyrvnol\,-BPBY'"+if5fij,lT?'#tsi?J$EiE"CoIVIOUB SYMBoL-\ \F

,/ aoor OpellNe; oEpTH oF F|LLING

GROOVE WELD SIZE_I Y-- // // FOR PIUGiNDaSLOTWELDS

DEprH oF BEVEL srzE oR _. - _ X ,/ ,,-_!'ilEli""Jd.=,iio"r*."STRENGTH FoR cERrArN wELDS 1 \ ':" / \ iijiiii6iiii-welos/ \ ( - T \

SPACING)OF WELEprH oF BEVEL srzE oR _. - _ X ,/ ,,-_'iiEl'r'"i*.liio"rnn.TRENGTH FoR CERTATN WELDS

I [Ei/ I biJiiir,ioiiii-welbs

:;ii*r!$ri#-,| srb 4i " lll f-f

i{ / IE *ur \. sweolrAlL (oMrrTED | ,ttd EAI , . \WHEN REFERENCE J ,/ ./ / .- ] ,/iii'riiirEeni-- I / /AN)

,"*r."r*"r l/*"o*"o,u*."'"o*ELD SYMBoL -J4 1

"ur".* oj s"or s*r, I i51.tr31i..iilF

Location ol Elements ol a Welding Symbol

sruD,PLUG,slor. __ | iriiiiiiiorrcrmoR PRoJECTIoN WELDS I 6:i i-nEow sroe orJOINT

ELEMENTS IN THIS AREAREMATN AS SHOWN WHEN TAILAND ARROW ARE REVERSED

34

l

@tEr I -

I

550 N.W. l,€fidnc kd l{ihi Firida 33126

l

\