Babylon

Medo-Persia

Greece

Rome

2Chapter 2 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9

1w

k

Gap of Time

445BC

3 ½ years

Time of the Gentiles

Chapter 11 & 12

4 Persian Kings

N&S Kings

Alex the Great

Antiochus IV

Opposing king.

Chapter 8

Greek Empire

Alexander The Great

1. Ptolemy I Soter 1. Seleucus I NicatorKing of the NorthKing of the South

2. Antiochus I Soter

3. Antiochus II Theos2. Ptolemy II Philadelphus

4. Seleucus II Callinicus

5. Seleucus III Ceraunus

6. Antiochus III Great

3. Ptolemy III Euergetes

4. Ptolemy IV Philopator

7. Seleucus IV Philopator5. Ptolemy V Epiphanes

8. Antiochus IV Epiphanes6. Ptolemy VI Philometor

Stop to Temple sacrificeMake a covenant with the many

Daniel 9:27 The 70th Week

3 ½ years 3 ½ years

1 Week = 7 years

Jacob’s Distress Jacob’s Trouble

Tribulation

Apostasy

Stop to grain offering

Abomination of Desolation

Crush the elect (Jews)

1 John 3:2-32 Beloved, now we are children of God, and it has not

appeared as yet what we will be. We know that when

He appears, we will be like Him, because we will see

Him just as He is. 3 And everyone who has

his hope fixed on Him purifies himself, just as He is pure.

Daniel 11:35

Some of those who have insight will fall, in order

to refine, purge and make them pure until the end time; because it is still to come at the appointed time

Zechariah 13:7-9

8 “It will come about in all the land,”

Declares the LORD,

“That two parts in it will be cut off and perish;

But the third will be left in it.9 “And I will bring the third part through the fire,

Refine them as silver is refined, Dan 11:35

And test them as gold is tested.

They will call on My name,

And I will answer them;

I will say, ‘They are My people,’ And they will say, ‘The LORD is my God.’”

Stop to Temple sacrificeMake a covenant with the many

Daniel 9:27 The 70th Week

3 ½ years 3 ½ years

1 Week = 7 years 30 days

Cleansing of the temple

ApostasyTime of Judging the nations

45 days

Stop to grain offering

Abomination of Desolation

Crush the elect (Jews)

Jacob’s Distress Jacob’s Trouble

Tribulation

Daniel 111 And in the first year of Darius the Mede, I took my stand

to support and protect him.)

2 “Now then, I tell you the truth: Three more kings will arise

in Persia, and then a fourth, who will be far richer than all

the others. When he has gained power by his wealth, he

will stir up everyone against the kingdom of Greece.

3 Then a mighty king will arise, who will rule with great

power and do as he pleases. 4 After he has arisen, his

empire will be broken up and parcelled out toward the four

winds of heaven. It will not go to his descendants, nor will

it have the power he exercised, because his empire will be

uprooted and given to others.

5 “The king of the South will become strong, but one of his

commanders will become even stronger than he and will

rule his own kingdom with great power.

6 After some years, they will become allies. The daughter

of the king of the South will go to the king of the North to

make an alliance, but she will not retain her power, and he

and his power will not last.

Man dressed in Linen (angel) speaks

1) Cambyses II (Cyrus’ son)2) Artaxerxes 3) Darius I Hystaspes4) Xerxes I (Ahasuerus in Book of Esther) built barges,

trained 2million soldiers over 4 years & attacked Greece. Wealthiest & most powerful of the four

Medo-Persian Empire Cyrus & Darius as Current Rulers

Greek Empire Alexander the Great – Vendetta against Xerxes I. Great conqueror who died at 32 from a fever. Territory split between

Ptolemy, Seleucus, King of the South King of the North Lysimacus & Cassander

Ptolemy I Soter Seleucus I Nicator

SyriaEgypt

Ptolemy II PhiladelphusTranslated Law from Hebrew to Greek ~ LXXin 270BC

Antiochus II Theos marries Berenice, for political reasons, but has to divorce his wife, Laodice, who then poisons Antiochus II & Berenice, and appoints her son, Seleucus II Callinicusas king.

Successor Antiochus I not in Daniel

4 heads of Leopard, 4 horns of Goat

In those days she will be betrayed, together with her royal

escort and her father and the one who supported her.

7 “One from her family line will arise to take her place. He

will attack the forces of the king of the North and enter his

fortress; he will fight against them and be victorious. 8 He

will also seize their gods, their metal images and their

valuable articles of silver and gold and carry them off to

Egypt. For some years he will leave the king of the North

alone. 9 Then the king of the North will invade the realm of

the king of the South but will retreat to his own country.

10 His sons will prepare for war and assemble a great

army, which will sweep on like an irresistible flood and

carry the battle as far as his fortress.

Murdered Berenice’s brother, Ptolemy III Euergetesbecomes king and goes to war against Seleucus II Callinus.Ptolemy III was victorious, killed Laodice, and took much booty back to Egypt

Seleucus II CallinusRetaliated after 2 years and was decivelybeaten. Returned to Antioch with fraction of his army. He died by falling off his horse.

Seleucus III Ceraunus, son of Seleucus II, was murdered in campaign in Asia Minor

Another son of Seleucus II, Antiochus III the Great,recovered Tyre & the fortress and then resumed war with Egypt, which had gained all the territory up to Syria (InclIsrael). So Antiochus III pushed Egypt back to it’s borders and Antiochus then ruled Israel

Ptolemy III Euergetes

11 “Then the king of the South will march out in a rage

and fight against the king of the North, who will raise a

large army, but it will be defeated.

12 When the army is carried off, the king of the South will

be filled with pride and will slaughter many thousands, yet

he will not remain triumphant.

13 For the king of the North will muster another army,

larger than the first; and after several years, he will

advance with a huge army fully equipped.

14 “Now in those times many will rise up against the king of

the South; the violent ones among your people will also lift

themselves up in order to fulfill the vision, but they will fall

down. 15 Then the king of the North will come, cast up

a siege ramp and capture a well-fortified city; and the

forces of the South will not stand their ground, not even

their choicest troops, for there will be no strength to make

a stand.

Ptolemy IV PhilopatorIn 312 BC went to war against Antiochus the Great and lost.In 219 BC at the battle of Raphia, south of Gaza, Antiochus III was defeated by Ptolemy IV. Then they signed a peace treaty. Ptolemy IV celebrated victory by a tour of the Mediterranean including Jerusalem, but was prevented from entering the Holy of Holies by paralysis. Returning to Egypt, he persecuted the Egyptian Jews in retaliation (against God? Wow clearly he thought he could defy God even after being paralysed!)

Ptolemy IV Philopatorsucceeded by his 4 year old son, Ptolemy V Epiphanes

After brief time, Antiochus returned with a much larger army and turned back Ptolemy IV Philopator

Phillip V of Macedonia joined with Antiochus III and also many Jews (violent ones among your people) against Egypt. Antiochus laid siege to the fortified city, Sidon and the Egyptians couldn’t stand their ground.

16 But he who comes against him will do as he pleases,

and no one will be able to withstand him; he will also

stay for a time in the Beautiful Land, with destruction in his

hand.17 He will set his face to come with the power of his whole

kingdom, bringing with him a proposal of peace which he

will put into effect; he will also give him the daughter of

women to ruin it. But she will not take a stand for him or

be on his side.

18 Then he will turn his face to the coastlands and capture

many. But a commander will put a stop to his scorn

against him; moreover, he will repay him for his

scorn. 19 So he will turn his face toward the fortresses of

his own land, but he will stumble and fall and be found no

more.

In 199 BC Antiochus stationed himself in Israel (Beautiful Land)

197 BC Antiochus III, scheming to annexe Egypt, proposed peace between Syria and Egypt, by giving his daughter, Cleopatra (not the famous one) in marriage to Ptolemy V Epiphanes. However, Cleopatra didn’t remain loyal to daddy’s wishes, but became a devoted wife and sided with Egypt

Anitochus turned his attention to Greece, but a Roman, Cornelius Scipio, turned Antiochus back, charging him a great tax that broke him. So he plundered many temples to pay them. He returned to Syria and died a year later. Didn’t fulfil his dream of reuniting Alexander’s empire under his authority.

20 “Then in his place one will arise who will send

an oppressor through the Jewel of his kingdom; yet within

a few days he will be shattered, though not in anger nor in

battle.

Antiochus III was succeeded by his son, Seleucus IV Philopator. He oppressed the Jews with heavy taxation to meet the Roman tribute he had to pay. His brother, Antiochus IV Epiphanes was held hostage 14yrs in Rome for the tribute Antiochus III had to pay. Antiochus IV was then exchanged for Seleucus IV’s son, Demetrius Soter (rightful heir to the throne). Seleucus IV was murdered by his treasurer, Heliodorus, who hoped to rule, but

21 In his place a despicable person will arise, on whom the

honour of kingship has not been conferred, but he will

come in a time of tranquility and seize the kingdom by

intrigue.22 The overflowing forces will be flooded away before him

and shattered, and also the prince of the covenant.

23 After an alliance is made with him he will practice

deception, and he will go up and gain power with a

small force of people. 24 In a time of tranquility he will enter

the richest parts of the realm, and he will accomplish what

his fathers never did, nor his ancestors; he will distribute

plunder, booty and possessions among them, and he will

devise his schemes against strongholds, but only for a

time.

was out-intrigued by Antiochus IV Epiphanes – small horn of Dan 8:9-12 and a foreshadow of the little horn of Dan 7:8, being the antichrist to come. He named himself Epiphanes (god Manifest), but was so untrustworthy, he was nicknamed Epimanes (The Madman). He seized the throne and had himself declared king and was accepted as ruler because he was able to turn aside an invading army, perhaps the Egyptians (his nephew was now the reigning king in Eqypt, Cleopatra’s son, Ptolemy VI Philometor. Did Antiochus use flatteries, intrigue and family ties to manipulate Ptolemy so as not to attack Syria? Just my ponderings)Antiochus IV Epiphanes murdered the Jewish High Priest Onais III (probably the prince of the covenant) and sold the priesthood to a Hellenistic Jewish man named Jason.

His father taxed the people, but Antiochus IV robbed the rich and gave to the poor, a cunning scheme to gain the favour of the people.

25 He will stir up his strength and courage against the king

of the South with a large army; so the king of the South

will mobilize an extremely large and mighty army for war;

but he will not stand, for schemes will be devised against

him. 26 Those who eat his choice food will destroy him, and his

army will overflow, but many will fall down slain. 27 As for

both kings, their hearts will be intent on evil, and they

will speak lies to each other at the same table; but it will

not succeed, for the end is still to come at the appointed

time.

28 Then he will return to his land with much plunder; but

his heart will be set against the holy covenant, and he

will take action and then return to his own land.

29 “At the appointed time he will return and come into the

South, but this last time it will not turn out the way it did

before. 30 For ships of Kittim will come against him;

therefore he will be disheartened and will return and

become enraged at the holy covenant and take action; so

he will come back and show regard for those who forsake

the holy covenant.

After Antiochus IV consolidated his kingdom and his sister Cleopatra died, he attacked Egypt and reigning Ptolemy VI Philometor in 170 BC and won the battle. The 2 kings sat at a table professing peace, but both were being deceptive so there was no peace.

Although he took much wealth back to Syria, Antiochus IV was frustrated that he had not gained all of Egypt. So as he passed through Israel, because he opposed the entire Mosaic system, he desecrated the Jewish Temple and then returned home.

2 years later, in 168 BC, Antiochus IV Epiphanes attacked Egypt again, but was opposed by the Romans (ships from Kittim) who forbade Antiochus to war against Egypt. Popillius Laenas drew a circle in the sand around Antiochus IV when he bargained for time to consider, demanding Antiochus’ answer before stepping out of the circle. Not wanting war with Rome, Antiochus IV submitted. This was a humiliating defeat so he vented his frustrations on the Jews.

31 Forces from him will arise, desecrate the sanctuary

fortress, and do away with the regular sacrifice. And they

will set up the abomination of desolation.

32 By smooth words he will turn to godlessness those who act wickedly toward the covenant,

The Jews were compelled to sacrifice a pig on 25th of each month to celebrate Antiochus IV’s birthday. He promised apostate Jews (those who forsake the covenant v30) great reward if they would set aside the God of Israel and worship Zeus, the Greek god. Many Jews were persuaded.

In seeking to exterminate Judaism and to Hellenise the Jews, Antiochus attacked Jerusalem on the Sabbath killing many, taking women & children as slaves & burning the city. He banned circumcision and feasts. If someone was circumcised, the 8 day old baby would be mutilated and killed along with the mother and whoever performed the circumcision. The dead baby would be hung around the mother’s neck and the couple hung out in public as a warning to others. Reading of the Torah was also forbidden on pain of death. Antiochus IV burned & desecrated copies of the Torah with sexual and pagan symbols, forbade morning and evening sacrifices, offered a sow (unclean animal) on the altar, made the priests drink the pigs’ blood (blood is not to be consumed by Jews, because the life of the animal is in the blood), smeared the temple walls with pig’s blood. He also set up an idol of Zeus in the Holy of Holies – the abomination of desolation making the temple unclean and unfit for God, thereby rendering the temple desolate. (Dan 8:10-11, 20-25)

but the people who know their God will display strength and take action. 33 Those who have

insight among the people will give understanding to the

many; yet they will fall by sword and by flame, by captivity

and by plunder for many days. 34 Now when they fall they

will be granted a little help, and many will join with them

in hypocrisy. 35 Some of those who have insight will fall, in

order to refine, purge and make them pure until the end

time; because it is still to come at the appointed time

Jews who refused, were persecuted and martyred for their faith. Then a priest, Mattathias and his 5 sons rebelled against Antiochus’ regime and, using guerrilla warfare, this small remnant of people cast off the yoke of the Seleucid kingdom, which took 3 years (1150 days Dan 8:14). The revolt was led by Judas Maccabeus “the Hammerer”. The family, called Hasmonean, then ruled Israel for 100 years before they were conquered by Rome.

To begin with the Maccabeans and followers (some sincere, others with ulterior motives) fled to caves in the mountains and Antiochus attacked them on the Sabbath. Because they couldn’t work on the Sabbath, they didn’t fight back or block the entrances to the caves, so the enemy killed many of them by setting fire to the caves. Judas gave understanding to the people and said that if they didn’t fight back, the enemy would always choose that day to attack them.

Persecution made this remnant pure and ready to die for the Lord their God.

End of history

Dan 11:36 – 12:13 is yet FUTURE