Backing up Data with MMSDaniel CoupalTechnical Services Engineer, Palo Alto, CA

#MongoDB

2

1. Methods for backing up MongoDB

2. Some concepts

3. MMS Backup

4. Sizing up the MMS On-Prem servers

5. Wrapping up

6. Q&A

Agenda

3

• Introduction to MMShttp://www.mongodb.com/presentations/webinar-understanding-mms-getting-started-mms

• Going into the details of MMS Monitoring

http://www.mongodb.com/presentations/webinar-performance-tuning-and-monitoring-using-mms-0

• Telling you should do backupshttps://www.mongodb.com/presentations/run-mongodb-confidence-backing-and-monitoring-mms

This webinar is not about…

1. Methods for backing up MongoDB

5

A. mongodump/mongorestore

B. Storage level backups

C. Backup with MongoDB Management Service (MMS)

Methods for backing up MongoDB

6

• Can be run online or offline

• Oplog aware for point in time restores

• Filter in, filter out

• Considerations:– Data size/can be slow

– Shard sync

A. mongodump/mongorestore

7

• Flavors:– Copy files in your data directory (e.g. /data/db)

– File system or block storage snapshots

• Fastest way to backup/restore

• Considerations:– Journal/consistency

– Backup granularity (whole file system back up?)

– Ops expertise

– Storage of snapshots or data file backups

B. Storage level backups

8

• Based off Oplogs

• In the cloud, via mms.mongodb.com

• Or in your own hosted environment– For customers with Enterprise or Standard

subscriptions

– Available on a variety of operating systems:• RedHat

• CentOS

• SUSE

• Ubuntu

• Windows (soon)

C. Backup with MongoDB Management Service

9

Mongodump File system MMS BackupCloud

MMS BackupOn-Prem

Initial complexity Medium High Low High

System overhead High Low Low Medium

Point in time recovery of replica set

Yes * No Yes Yes

Consistent snapshot of sharded system

Yes * Yes * Yes Yes

Scalable No Yes Yes Yes

Restore time Slow Fast Medium Medium

Comparing MongoDB backup approaches

* Possible, but need to write the tools and go though a lot of pain

2. Some concepts

11

MongoDB Management Service

What is MMS?

12

• Monitoring

• Backup

• Automation

The MMS components

13

Navigation tabs take you to the different functional areas of MongoDB Management Service. Through this interface, you can monitor your deployment, configure alerts via email or SMS, backup your data and automate your deployments.

The MMS user interface

14

MMS Monitoring

15

MMS Automation

16

• A capped collection that stores an ordered history of logical writes to a MongoDB database

– Does not store operations like increment, add to set, etc. Those are translated to the final document.

– Safe to replay old oplogs. Needs to play all of them in the right order.

• Enables replication

• Enables backups

What is a Replica Set Oplog?

17

• The capped collection dictates the amount of hours a secondary/backup agent can stop talking to the primary

• MMS Monitoring hasa Replication OplogWindow graph

• Higher rate of writesto the DBs requires a larger Oplog collection

Sizing the Oplog collection

3. MMS Backup

19

Overview of MMS Backup

20

Pre-requisite: monitoring must be working

• Download the Backup Agent from the MMS UI

• Install the Backup Agent onto one server

• Select the replica sets or cluster you want to back up in the MMS UI

• Click the Start button

Backup in Cloud is easy to setup

21

• Select which:– replica Sets to include/exclude

– collections/namespaces to include/exclude

• How often snapshots are taken of your data

– down to 15 minute intervals

– defaults to 6 hours

• How long your data is stored (up to 1 year)

– select how many per day, per week, per month

– defaults to 27 snapshots per year

Backup is highly configurable

22

The Web interface

23

Snapshots page

24

Under the hood: monitoring and backup agents

25

Under the hood: backup workflow

26

• From the initial sync, we rebuild your data in our datacenters and take a snapshot

– stop applying oplogs

– chunk the DB files into small pieces

– compress and store new chunks (de-duplication)

• New snapshot every 6 hours

• Oplog is stored to enable PIT restores– Cloud : 24 hours

– On-Prem : configurable, up to few days

Under the hood: creating the snapshots

27

• Whata. Snapshot of a replica set or cluster

b. Point In Time (PIT) for a replica set

c. Checkpoint for a cluster

• Howa. Pull from custom URL via HTTPS

• One time link that expires when used or after one hour

b. Push via SCP• Just enter the hostname and auth method (password or key file)

• The directory to push the data to

Restore

28

Restoring data is incredibly simple -

• Select the snapshot you’d like to restore and choose a delivery method (SCP push or HTTPS pull)

• Receive the file

• Unzip it– You have the contents of a DB directory!

• Point your mongod to this directory

Restore from a snapshot

29

Restore from a snapshot

30

Restoring data is only a few extra steps

• Select your cluster in the MMS UI

• Restore from a pre-build snapshot or request a checkpoint restore (15 minute window)

• You will receive one data file to download for each shard, and one for the config server(s)

• Follow the same process as before for moving the data files to the server

Restoring a MongoDB Sharded Cluster

31

• First you select a snapshot

• Then, optionally, you select a checkpoint.

• If a checkpoint is selected, the restore operation is slower as MMS needs to replay all oplogs between the snapshot time up to the checkpoint time.

Restoring a MongoDB Sharded Cluster

32

• Behind the scenes:– MongoDB Balancer paused every 6 hours

• Or 15/30/45 min if you enable checkpoints

– A no-op token is inserted across all shards and config servers

– Oplog applied to replica sets until point at which token was inserted

• Provides a consistent state of database across shards

• **The balancer can be paused more frequently to accommodate more frequent restore points.

How does MMS backup a Sharded Cluster?

33

• 500 GB DB (150 GB compressed)– Conservative estimates for download times:

• 2 hours @ 20 MB/sec (MMS OnPrem)

• 4 hours @ 10 MB/sec (MMS Cloud)

• Faster restores with– More shards, but smaller

• Restore shards in parallel

– SCP files• Parallel SCP processes, files don’t need to be uncompress as a separate step

Restore considerations

34

• Simplest means of backing up your database

• Peace of mind, it just works. Trust the experts and free yourself from backup pain

• Point-in-time restores for replica sets/checkpoint restores for clusters

• Spin up QA environments quickly from snapshots

Recap: MongoDB backup with MMS

4. Sizing up the MMS On-Prem servers

36

• Main Advantages of Cloud– Simpler, no need to deploy and maintain servers

– Economy of scale, we backup 100s of customers

– Everything is replicated and high availability

– Pro-active tickets when things go wrong

• Main Advantages of On-Prem– All data, monitoring and backup, stay on site

• Consider hybrid solutions– Monitoring in both, Cloud and On-Prem

– Small clusters backed up in Cloud, large clusters On-Prem

MMS Backup in Cloud or On-Prem?

37

1. Number of replica sets

2. Oplog/day per replica set (GB)

3. Filesize per replica set (GB)

4. Point In Time Restore Requirements (hours)

5. Number of Daily, Weekly, Monthly snapshots (default is 19)

6. Number of hourly snapshots (default is 8, every 6 hours over 48 hrs)

7. Time between hourly snapshots (default is 6 hrs)

8. How compressible is the data? Is it text, videos, binaries?

Few questions to answer for sizing

38

Single host for evaluating MMS

39

Few replica sets to backup

40

More replica sets to backup

5. Wrapping up

42

• MMS On-Prem software download available on the subscription downloads page

• MMS Cloud mms.mongodb.com

• MMS Cloud Documentation mms.mongodb.com/help/

• MMS On-Prem Documentation mms.mongodb.com/help-hosted/

• Restore from a point in time snapshot documentation https://mms.mongodb.com/help/tutorial/restore-from-point-in-time-snapshot/

• Restore from a stored snapshot https://mms.mongodb.com/help/tutorial/restore-from-snapshot/

• Configure your backup data delivery method https://mms.mongodb.com/help/tutorial/restore-select-delivery-format/

Resources

43

• MMS Backup is the best solution for backups, especially for sharded clusters

• Cloud solution is inexpensive and easyTry it: mms-sales@mongodb.com for one month free!

• On-Prem version is free for Standard and Enterprise customers

• Trust the Experts and free yourself from backup pain

Summary

6. Q&A

Thank you for using

Daniel Coupal, Technical Services Engineer

Appendix

47

• Oplog stored for 48 hours

• Restore your replica set to any point-in-time in the last 24 hours by creating a custom snapshot

• Configurable!

Point in Time Recovery

48

• Every 6 hours for 48 hours

• Every day for 1 week

• Every week for for a month

• Every month for a year

• Configurable!

Number of Snapshots

49

Under the hood: restore workflow