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Air Transportation Test-‐bed Hamsa Balakrishnan
Joint work with H. Khadilkar, H. Lee, P. Park, V. Ramanujam, I. Simaiakis and C. Tomlin
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Data-‐Driven Modeling
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Queuing Models of Airport Operations
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Pushbacks
Departure queue
Departure throughput
Ramp and Taxiway delays
Travel time
Module 2 Module 1
Queuing delay Taxi-out time = +
Runway schedule
Learn from data Learn from data
R(t)
Simaiakis and Balakrishnan, under review, 2013
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* Model parameters identified from 2011 data, predictions carried out on 2010 data (pushback schedules)
* Similar prediction performance shown for BOS, CLT, DTW, LGA, PHL, …
Queuing Models of Airport Operations
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2010 (independent test set)
Simaiakis and Balakrishnan, under review, 2013
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Design, Field-‐Testing and Evaluation of Control Algorithms
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Departure Queue (D)
Aircr
aft tra
velin
g to the r
unw
ay
(G)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10111213141516171819202122230
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1412
03
68
Delta&Connec+on&Carriers,&34%&
Delta&Air&Lines,&13%&
American&Eagle,&11%&
American,&8%&
US&Airways,&7%&
United&Airlines,&5%&
Air&Canada,&3%&
AirTran,&3%&
JetBlue,&3%&
Air&Wisconsin,&2%&
Spirit&Airlines,&2%&Southwest,&2%&Comair,&1%&WestJet,&1%&
Other&4%&
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Fast-‐Time Simulations
[Le Ny & Balakrishnan, AIAA JGCD 2010] [Kannan, BS Thesis, Harvard Univ. 2009]
[Khadilkar & Balakrishnan, ECC 2013]
[FACET, courtesy NASA]
* Validated fast-‐time simulations of airport and airspace operations
[Khadilkar & Balakrishnan, AIAA JGCD 2013]
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High-‐Fidelity Fast-‐Time Simulations using SIMMOD
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Scheduled Optimized
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Simulation of Control-‐Communication Integration
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Park et al., IEEE Trans. on Intelligent Transp. Sys. 2013
!600 !400 !200 0 200 400 600
!600
!400
!200
0
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x
y
Arr fixesDep fixesAirport
Centralized zone
Handover zone
Distributed zone
Park and Tomlin, ICCPS 2012
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* Simulations of (re)allocation mechanisms with realistic demand, capacity and operating cost data * LGA case study * 10-‐hr Ground Delay Program * 27 airlines * 20% coefficient of variation in delay
costs * Demonstrate a tradeoff between
adaptability (ability to dynamically replan) and flexibility (available slot swaps for airline)
Evaluation of Incentives in Collaborative Decision Making
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Single Airport Ground Holding Problem
(Stochastic Optimization) Initial
ground holds +
slot allocations
Collaborative Decision Making (CDM)
Final slot allocation
+ ground holds
Intra-‐airline substitutions
Slot Credit Substitution
Reduced capacity forecast
Flight schedule
Cancellations
Airline-‐proprietary
costs
Ramanujam & Balakrishnan 2013, submitted
Page 10
* Design and evaluation of algorithms to improve air transportation system performance * Safety, security, efficiency, resilience * EI + RC integration for resource allocation * Risk assessment and incentives for information-‐sharing * Strategies to incentivize equipage * Identification of “true” utility functions of human elements * Resilient & secure ATC and CNS protocols * Evaluation of ADS-‐B protocols * Layered, adaptive security for NextGen * Safe integration of unmanned aircraft into the civilian airspace
Opportunities
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