Baltimore Bioneers '08 Cultivating Change:

Climate Action Now!

November 7, 2008

Moderator: Claire Broido JohnsonCo-Founder, SunEdison and Advisor, Hannon Armstrong

www.HannonArmstrong.com

What’s happening locally with respect to the environment?

• Maryland is the 2nd largest polluter by State in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative system (Northeast) after New York

• Poor public transportation system• Chesapeake Bay pollution increases• Baltimore Mayor’s Office Commission on

Sustainability

Maryland Statistics

• 34 MM tons CO2 emissions

• 95% national average of lbs/MWh generated

• 40 states have lower average retail price for residential customers on a cents/kWh basis

• 39 states have lower retail price across all sectors (residential, commercial, industrial)

Coal61%

Oil6%

Gas2%

Nuclear30%

Solar0%

Wind 0%

Biomass1%

Maryland Generation Resource Mix

Questions from Baltimore Commission on Sustainability. How do we:

• Reduce greenhouse gas emissions?• Improve air quality?• Increase energy efficiency?• Raise awareness that behavior change is necessary

to achieve a sustainable future…. YOU!!• Expand job opportunities?• Decrease use of fossil fuels while increasing use of

renewables?• Ensure universal access to energy?

– More at: www.baltimorecity.gov/sustainability

Peter Van Buren

www.terralogos.com

Homeowners are concerned by• Rising energy prices

• Health indoor air quality

• Changes due to global warming

Q: What is the least expensive energy source?

• 100 homes each use 10 e-blocks • Need 1,000 e-blocks• 1 power plant makes 1,000 e-blocks• Growth, + 100 homes• Need another power plant = $$$$• Invest $$ in conservation• With improvements,

All homes only need 5 e-blocks• Existing plant is enough

A: Conservation.

Conservation is our Best Energy Source

• Lowest investment cost

• Lowest cost to environment

• Builds our economy

• Improves our security

= less

Home Energy Use• Spend over $160 billion/year • 21% of national energy use• Can save 20-30% average

- Source: EnergySavers.gov

• Even better savings in Maryland!

George Peters

Baltimore Biomass Buyers’ Cooperative

www.baltimorebiomass.com

Renewable HouseholdHeating and Cooling Solutionsthat are practical in the Chesapeake regionthat are practical in the Chesapeake region

GeothermalGeothermalheat transferheat transfer

pumpspumps

SolarSolarphoto voltaic,photo voltaic,

hot water, radianthot water, radiant

BiofuelsBiofuelsBiodiesel, Biodiesel,

biofuelbiofuel

BiomassBiomasscorn, wood pellets

other seed crops

THERE IS NO THERE IS NO ONEONE ENERGY SOLUTION ENERGY SOLUTION

What is Biomass ?Biomass refers to living and recently dead biological material that can Biomass refers to living and recently dead biological material that can be used as fuel. Commonly, biomass refers to plant matter grown to be used as fuel. Commonly, biomass refers to plant matter grown to generate electricity or produce biofuel, but it also includes plant matter generate electricity or produce biofuel, but it also includes plant matter that can be burned as fuel. that can be burned as fuel.

It excludes organic material which has been transformed by It excludes organic material which has been transformed by geological processes into substances such as coal or petroleum.geological processes into substances such as coal or petroleum.

Biomass can be grown from numerous types of plants, including, switch Biomass can be grown from numerous types of plants, including, switch grass, hemp, corn, soybean, rape seed, peanut, sunflower, sugarcane, grass, hemp, corn, soybean, rape seed, peanut, sunflower, sugarcane, sorghum, and a variety of tree species, ranging from eucalyptus to sorghum, and a variety of tree species, ranging from eucalyptus to palm.palm.

Local Sustainable Biomass

saves money, protects the environment, and supports our local economy

www.baltimorebiomass.comwww.baltimorebiomass.com

Buyers coop Buyers coop - Pools money for greater buying power.- Pools money for greater buying power.

- Controls growing process.- Controls growing process.- Controls transportation logistics.- Controls transportation logistics.

Local farmer Local farmer - Sustainably grows and processes corn.- Sustainably grows and processes corn.

- Low till, no GMO, No chemical fertilizers.- Low till, no GMO, No chemical fertilizers.

Local truck driver Local truck driver - Delivers corn from farm to UGB.- Delivers corn from farm to UGB.

- Maximum volume, shortest distance.- Maximum volume, shortest distance.

Coop buys corn Coop buys corn - Money stays local. Supports local AG- Money stays local. Supports local AG Coop membersCoop members -- Pick up corn at UGB for home heat.Pick up corn at UGB for home heat.

- Save up to 71% on heating bills.- Save up to 71% on heating bills.

- Corn heat has a net zero carbon foot print.- Corn heat has a net zero carbon foot print.

Deanna Zakes

www.grosolar.comwww.chesapeakesolar.net

How does grid tied PV Work?

Market Overview• Electric prices increasing

• Fossil fuel supplies constrained

• System cost for solar declining

• Clean energy requirements increasing

• Culture change occurring

• ITC renewed October 3– Commercial (8yrs. 30%)

– Res. (8yrs., 30% and elimination of $2,000 limit)

37kW System in Baltimore, MD

2.3 kW System in Rock Hall, MD

Ilya Goldberg

Vice President, Technical Guru

www.BaltimoreBiodiesel.org

Ilya Goldberg

• Why Biodiesel?• EPA: 22.2 pounds CO2/gallon petroleum.

• NREL: 78% CO2 reduction from biodiesel.

• Can be used in any unmodified diesel engine.

• Cost: within ~10% of petroleum diesel.

• Locally produced and renewable.

• Non-toxic, non-carcinogenic.

• The Energy in Biodiesel is Solar Energy!

www.BaltimoreBiodiesel.org

Where does biodiesel come from?www.BaltimoreBiodiesel.org

+ Catalyst (lye, potash)+ Methanol

Trans-esterification

Animal feedbyproducts

Usedcooking oil

Waste oil

Renderingplants

Biodiesel

Glycerol

• Retail location at Mill Valley Garden Center.

2800 Sisson st., (28th and Sisson streets).

• ASTM-Certified, commercially produced biodiesel.

• Two years in operation, ~100 members.

• 15,000 gallons/year: 100 tons CO2/year displaced!

• 24/7 self-serve fill-up station.

• Columbia/Merriweather-Post by Spring 2009.

Baltimore Biodiesel Cooperative

www.BaltimoreBiodiesel.org