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Baroque Music General Characteristics

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Page 1: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Baroque MusicGeneral Characteristics

Page 2: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Rhythm

Steady beats

Repetitive nature

Page 3: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Rhythm

Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 3: I

Page 4: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster
Page 5: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Rhythm

Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 3: III

Page 6: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Rhythm:

Bach: St. Matthew Passion, Opening Chorus

Page 7: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Rhythm

The “Walking Bass”

Steady, step-like bass notes underlying a melody

Page 8: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Rhythm

Orchestral Suite No. 3 in D Major, Aria

Page 9: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster
Page 10: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Harmonic Rhythm

The term refers to the placement in time of chord changes.

In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster near cadences.

Page 11: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Harmonic Rhythm

Bach: Well-Tempered Clavier I, Prelude No. 2

Page 12: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster
Page 13: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Harmonic Rhythm

Bach: Violin Concerto in D Minor BWV 1043

Page 14: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Dynamics

Usually static

Dynamic changes will be restricted to occuring between movements.

Page 15: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Dynamics

“Terraced” dynamics refer to sudden changes, such as a p to a f.

However, most terraced dynamics are relatively subtle.

Page 16: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Dynamics

Bach: Orchestral Suite in D Major, Gavotte

Page 17: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster
Page 18: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Dynamics

Bach: Violin Concerto in D Minor, BWV 1060

Page 19: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Tone Color

Less important to Baroque composers

Instruments were more interchangeable:

Harpsichord/Clavichord

Violin/Oboe

‘Cello/Viola da Gamba

Page 20: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Tone Color

However, tone color was used when it would be effective.

Page 21: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Tone Color

Handel: a passage from Saul featuring a bell carillon.

Page 22: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Tone Color

Bach: Cantata No. 82, Ich habe genug

Bach’s love for the sound of oboe and voice

Page 23: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Melody

Long, serpentine “tapeworm” melodies are often found, especially in slow movements.

Page 24: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Melody

Bach: Mass in B Minor, Laudamus

Page 25: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Melody

Orchestral Suite in D Major, Aria

Page 26: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Melody

Songlike melodies in short phrases weren’t unheard of, however.

Page 27: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Melody

Bach: Cantata No. 84, III: Woll euch

Page 28: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Continuo

Particular sound of Baroque music

Heard underlying instrumental music and almost all vocal music as well.

A sustaining instrument (‘cello or viola da gamba) and a keyboard instrument.

Page 29: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Continuo

The keyboard player is given only the bass line, together with a set of figures which indicate the harmonies.

The “continuo player” on the keyboard realizes the figures into a fully-fleshed out harmonic accompaniment.

The string instrument plays the notated bass line.

Page 30: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Continuo

Bass line and figures: the performance gives an idea how it might be realized.

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Page 31: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Continuo

Harpsichord & ‘Cello:

Brandenburg Concerto No. 6, Adagio

Page 32: Baroque Music - Scott Foglesongscottfoglesong.com/music_27/baroque/introduction/baroque... · 2018-04-17 · In Baroque music, harmonic rhythm tends to be steady, becoming faster

Continuo

Organ & ‘Cello

Cantata No. 11 Ach bleibe doch