8/9/2019 Barr, Ch. 1

1/2

1

Barr

Rhatigan, James J. The History and Philosophy of Student Affairs (Ch. 1)

Focus: the professional beginng, the role of the dean, and the personnel workers,

and the specific contribution of the early deans of women

2 roles played by the dean are: disciplinarian and in loco parentis

Disciplinarian

In loco parentis: what role does in loco parentis play in the student development?

what does this have to do with student affairs?

Beginnings Student affairs is an American HE 20th

invention (for the most part)!

What brought about the field of student affairs? How was it developed? and

When?

- accdg to Rhatigan, there are several factors that led to the dev of thisfield, incl: birth of land grant instns, rise of public colleges and

universities, expanding enrollments and accompanying increase in the

heterogeneity of student populations, social political, and intellectualferment in the US, the rise of coed and the increase in numbers of women

entering educational instns, the intro of the elective system in higher ed,

and an emphasis on vocationalism as a competitior to the traditional

liberal arts.

In addition, the impact of sci and the scientific field, the struggle bt empiricism

and humanism, impersonalism on the part of faculty educated in German instns,

expanding industraliztn and urbaniztn and the closing of the American frontier,

the view of HE as a social status phenomemn, the establishment of a true

university system, massive Euro immigration, and the changing roles of students

in HE.

- all these changes led to the growth of deans of men and women in thelast decades of the 19

thcentury, extending into WWI.

The Dean and

Personnel Worker

Dean of Men

Dean of Women

Personnel Worker

Early Deans of Men:

- there were three distinct groups (see above) and there was lack ofsuccess in attempting to merge these 3 groups in the beg

- why?- early deans were kind, intimate, but lacked budget/fin experience- ex. Dean Briggs(Harvard), human, intimate, personal, kind

Early Deans of Women:

Some issues overlapped the men;

-1903, Martha Foote Crow (Dean of Women at Northwestern) and Marion Talbot

(U of Chicago) founded AAUW (American Assn of Univ Women)

Early field dominated by men

8/9/2019 Barr, Ch. 1

2/2

2

Personnel worker:

1911- Walter Dill Scott, Northwestern psychologist was the first to apply

principles of psycho to employees in industry but this field was not truly

separate from the deans (even tho the deans did not consider themselves

personnel)

- vocational guidance - mental health field

1960s: student development movement; differentiation of service

Values in Historical

perspective

Early deans and student affairs workers were deeply concerned about values

and moralizing. for example:

- humanism and reason were highly valuedStudent personnel

point of view

1937: Student Personnel Point of View (NASPA) the American Council on

Education (ACE) gathered an influential group of educators interested in

examining the status of growing out of class programs and activities loosely called

personnel services-humanistic perspective on the purpose of HE

1) to preserve, transmit, and enrich the import elements of culture

2) importance of student development

John Dewey: humanist who believed that student learning and intellectual dev is

best if accompanied by experience

1949: SPPV was redrafted and new goals were offered; the preservation,

transmission, and enrichment of culture changed from one of HE basic purposes

to the basic purpose

1954: Lloyd Jones (Student Personnel Work as Deeper Teaching) reminds us that

personnel work is interested in the whole person; world has a place for

everybody; individ gathers from his experiences

Post war years GI Bill

Cold War/Communism/HUAC

Civil Rights Mvmt (Civil Rts Act, Voting Rts Act, Higher Education Acts 1965)

Essentially, students are not immune to history and historical acts

Looking forward to

a new century

1) what does it mean to be educated thru HE?2) are there human values, and can they be found thru HE?3) what will be the future orelationship bt and student and a HE?4) the use of tech today in HE is accelerating, but will be seen as primitive by

future stds