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Barriers to Communication
Your soul blossoms to the Light as a flower opens to the sun.
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Barriers in communication indicate: Obstacles Difficulties that obstruct access to
communication Also known as ‘noise’ Barriers and malfunctions operate almost
simultaneously By careful observation one can easily
identify the context at three particular communication situations:
at the point of reception in perception in acceptanceWhenever things become difficult we must remain quiet
and silent.
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Table: Barriers and MalfunctionsIn Reception In Perception In Acceptance
1. Hostility and prejudice mainly amongst listeners
Communicators not careful about possible distortions
Receivers not interested
2. Communicators themselves are not sure communicators
Communicators fail to put ideas into words
Culture of managerial toughness in some organisation
3. Attitude of arrogance on both sides
Listening and two-way dialogues are not used
Disagreement and criticism are frowned upon
4. Receiver’s needs, desires and expectations not considered
Problems of language or ambiguity in expression
Interpersonal conflicts between sender and receiver
Do not think of what you have been, think only of what you want to be and you are sure to progress.
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Kinds of Barriers
Intrapersonal
Psychological
Socio-cultural
Interpersonal
Physical
Technical
Semantic
Organisational
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Intrapersonal Barrier
Which occurs from within
Caused due to differences in experience, education, value and personality
Each of us interpret the same information in different ways
When mind is still, then truth gets her chance to be heard in the purity of the silence.
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Psychological Barriers
Inferiority Complex
Superiority Complex
Wrong AssumptionsLeads to distorted communication
Are made because sender does not have adequate knowledge about receiver’s background
Categorical Thinking“I know it all” people-pansophists
Refuse to accept any further information
Overuse of words-all, always, everything, everytimeDo not belong to the past dawns, but to the noons of
future
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Socio-cultural Barriers Also known as cross cultural barriers
Cultural background affects how individuals view the world
What they value, how they interact with others
We grow in a culture that provides a pattern of acceptable behaviour and beliefs
It is the background against which all our actions and beliefs become meaningful
Culture can be seen the way we live, the clothes we wear and the opinions we hold
Culture is communication and communication is culture….. Edward Hall
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Socio-cultural Barriers
Differences in cultural values and perceptions can be an invisible source of great misunderstanding between people of different regions.
Some differences:
Heart vs. mind
Particularists vs. Universalists
Specific vs. diffused relationships
Nepotism vs. meritocracy
Hire-and-fire Policy
Individualism
Notion of Time
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Interpersonal Barriers
Caused due to external factors
Can occur between two or more people
or organizations
Three kinds:Physical
Semantic
Technical
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Physical Barrier
The environment in which communication occurs
The physical conditions
Can generally be eliminated or reduced
If meticulous preparation is done
A smile acts upon difficulties as the sun upon clouds—it disperses them,
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Physical Barriers
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Semantic Barriers Semantics is related to meanings of
words.
To be more exact, it is related to connotative and denotative meanings of words and its study.
Every word has a direct meaning called the denotative meaning.
In addition to its exact or lexical meaning, words also acquire implied meanings called connotative meanings.
Thy smile within my heart makes all my strength.
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Also known as linguistic barrier
Related to words, choice of words
Differences in languages and their perceptions
Word choice
Connotation
Implications
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Semantic Barrier/Word Choice
Beside/ Besides
Continuously/Continually
Do not use cell phones inside the lab.
Do not use cell phones in side lab.
The project is all ready to launch.
The project is already to launch.
We are working on the project all together.
We are working on the project altogether.
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Semantic Barrier/Connotation
It is a meaning based on: Experiences
Interests
Attitudes
Emotions
It can also be sarcasm
Example:
“Well, that certainly was fast work.”
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Semantic Barrier/Connotation
The solution lies in using:Simple
Familiar words
Progress: to be ready, at every minute, to give up all one is and all one has in order to advance on the way.
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Compare the following text pieces:Although all metals react
with oxygen, their reactivity is different. Some metals, such as sodium and potassium, react with oxygen trenchantly. They ignite even if retained unenclosed in the air. Magnesium needs to be inflamed before it combines with oxygen. Once inflamed to an ignition temperature, magnesium ribbon blazes with fire, yielding intense heat and light.
Although all metals react with oxygen, their reactivity is different. Some metals, such as sodium and potassium, react with oxygen vigorously. They catch fire even if kept open in the air. Magnesium needs to be heated before it combines with oxygen. Once heated to an ignition temperature, magnesium ribbon burns, producing intense heat and light.Trenchantly, ignite, unenclosed, inflamed, blazes,
yielding
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List of some commonly used words and their plain equivalents
Complex Simple Complex Simple
abandon Give up unscramble interpret
ablaze On fire amenable Responsive
commence begin dissuade discourage
confer grant futile useless
bespeak suggest inexorable unstoppable
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Implications
Related to connotation
Is a meaning given through connotation rather than from specific details
Eg.
Drawn from words:
My work is under valued.
My salary isn’t high enough.
I don’t get enough positive feedback from my
supervisors.
statement
inference
Actual meaning of
the statement
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Drawn from actions:
The supervisor infers that
workers are making fun
of him.
Two employees laugh as
their supervisor
passes.
The workers however
wanted to signal that
their morale is high.
More likely, to
signal nothing at
all
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Technical Barriers
Faulty instruments
Lack of Technical knowledge
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Organizational Barriers
Information Overload
Frequent Transfers
Complex Communication Channels
Fear of Superiors
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Information Overload
IO has a serious effect on the communication quality.
It refers to difficulty a person can have in understanding an issue and making decisions that can be caused by the presence of too much information.
IO leads to people getting jammed with message handling to the detriment of other activities.
A typical business manger is said to read one million words per week.
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Overcoming Barriers to Communication
Identify the reason for communication failure.
Take pre-emptive measures to overcome it.
Try to bridge the gap.
Respond to the context and content of the person’s words and deeds, rather than assumed motives.
Understand the limitations of people from different backgrounds.
Avoid hot buttons like ethnic jokes, racist comments, gender-biased statements etc.
28Perfection is not a maximum or an extreme. It is an
equilibrium and harmonization.
Queries???