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© 2015 The MathWorks, Inc.
Base Station RF Development with MATLAB
Dr Chen Ming
Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd.
2015/04/24
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Background
MATLAB Applied to Base Station RF Development
– Algorithm Research
– Product Development
– Testing and Validation
– Production Support
Q&A
Agenda
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One of 112 central enterprises under SASAC oversight, and China's first foreign-
invested joint-stock company in high-tech field
Alcatel-Lucent's global flagship enterprise
Domestic sales and service network covering 31 provinces
International operations in over 50 countries and regions, overseas sales
accounted for about 50 percent of total revenue
Number of employees: approximately 11,000 people (including 6,000 R & D
personnel, with more than 65 percent masters or PhD)
Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd.
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Chen Ming
– PhD in Communication and Information
Engineering, University of Science and
technology of China
Shanghai Bell System Consultant Engineer
– Responsible for wireless system design and
wireless baseband and RF algorithms in R&D.
– Core member of the successful development of
a variety of wireless products, with 15 years of
research and product development experience
in 3G / 4G wireless systems and RF fields.
– As leader of algorithm/FPGA/DSP team in RF
hardware department.
Speaker Introduction
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The base station radio system converts information between
baseband and radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic signals
The base station system includes digital/IF/RF, with mixed-signal
components, RF power amplifiers, and duplexers (switches)
Local
site optical fiber
Remote site RRH
The Base Station RF system - RRH
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Digital IF is the core system of the RF base station
The main algorithm functionality: Multi-rate filter, PAPR suppression, digital
predistortion, transceiver channel equalization, IQEC etc
Digital IF
Filter
Design Algorithm Cosim
with SW and HW
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When power amplifier is working
efficiently, output is distorted
PAPR is high for 3G / 4G signals
Backed-off power amplifier efficiency
is very low
Nonlinear response will lead to :
– In-band signal distortion
– Adjacent Channel Leakage
How to get high efficiency and low
distortion?
PA characteristics
* Simplified no memory model
Challenges Broadband Amplifier Algorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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No Digital Predistortion
Spectrum
before PA
Spectrum
after PA
Algorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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PA
Input power
Outp
ut
pow
er
Digital Predistortion
Spectrum before
Predistortion
Spectrum
after PA
Spectrum after
Predistortion
Algorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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AR 60W
Amplifier
Agilent
MXG
Agilent
MXA
Directional
CouplerCirculator
40 dB
Attenuator500 W PA
Sensor Sensor
Agilent
Power Meter
CirculatorDirectional
Coupler
50 W 50 W
MATLAB
Algorithm Development Platform Algorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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RF Power
MeterSpectrum
Analyzer
MATLAB
Base Station Power
Amplifiers
Signal
Generation
High Power
Amplifier
Combined HW and SW platform
for Algorithm Verification
Algorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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Tuning Algorithm Parameters
0 50 100 150
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
Frequency (MHz)
Magnitu
de (
dB
)
CP spectrum
L5M-4*20
L5M-FDD
L10M-4*20
L10M-FDD
L15M-4*20
L15M-FDD
L20M-4*20
L20M-FDD
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
Frequency (MHz)
Magnitu
de (
dB
)
CP spectrum
L5M-4*20
L5M-FDD
L10M-4*20
L10M-FDD
L15M-4*20
L15M-FDD
L20M-4*20
L20M-FDD
-20 -10 0 10 20-100
-50
0data PSD + pulse spectrum
f MHzdB
r
-20 -10 0 10 20-100
-50
0PSDs at lowest PAR target
f MHz
dB
r
0 5 10-6
-4
-2
0CCDF's
PAR dB
log10 p
robabili
ty
5 6 7 89
10
11
12EVM vs PAR (upsampled)
PAR dB
EV
M %
Use MATLAB modelling
for PAPR suppression
algorithm (CFR)
By traversing the
various parameters,
tune an optimal
combination of
parameters
Algorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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MATLAB / Simulink to
build a prototype
algorithm
Using Altera DSP
Builder & Xilinx
System Generator for
fast FPGA algorithm
design
Filter Design Algorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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Design, Simulation, Test of LTE / LTE-A system
Simulation of all LTE / LTE-A modes, channels, and signals
LTE Release 8 to Release 11
LTE Baseband simulation models and RF models
Generate LTE test signals
Foundation for 4/5G development
Generating a Test Signal Algorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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MATLAB LTE waveform generation– Signal Processing
– Visualization
E-TM Generator APP
Input Signal Description :
– PAPR = 9.9 dB
– TM 3.1
– Bandwidth ~ 20 MHz
– 64 QAM
– 30.72 MHz Sampling Rate
Generating a Test Signal Algorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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Use UVM for digital IF full link
simulation
MATLAB provides golden
reference model
Product Validation Phase Algorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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Signal generation
• Generate a baseband signal in MATLAB
• Download to signal generators to transmit as
radio signals
Signal Analysis
• Acquire a wireless signal using a
spectrum analyser
• Upload to the PC for MATLAB analysis
RF Signal Generator
LAN/USB/GPIB
LAN/USB/GPIB
Spectrum Analyzer
Controlling Instruments,
Expanding Instrument FunctionsAlgorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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Group
Members
Suppliers
Clients
Collaborator
s
MATLAB
User
Organization
MATLABCompiler
.exe .dll
Generate an executable file with the
MATLAB Compiler
Distribute to production departments
MATLAB license not required
Cost savings on instrument purchases
Sharing Algorithm Results?
Collaboration Across DivisionsAlgorithm
Research
Product
Development
Testing &
Validation
Production
Support
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Q&A