based on the story by cedella marley music & lyrics by bob...

Based on the story by Cedella Marley Music & Lyrics by Bob Marley

Adapted for the stage by Michael J. Bobbitt Additional music & lyrics by John L. Cornelius, II

Study Guide for “Three Little Birds” (ATMTC 2015/2016 National Tour) 7300 MacArthur Blvd. in Historic Glen Echo Park, Glen Echo, MD. 20812

This Study Guide created by ATMTC March 2013/January 2015

Three Little Birds “Don’t worry about a thing, because every little thing is gonna be alright.” - Bob Marley, Three Little Birds

January 2015

Dear Teachers,

Get ready to experience the most lovingly nurtured creation to touch the theatrical stage this year in Three Little Birds, inspired by the music of Bob Marley, written for children to enjoy by his daughter, Cedella and adapted for the stage by our own Michael J. Bobbitt. The story of little Ziggy, who is trepidatious to step beyond the reach of his front doorstep and experience life, provides a strong backdrop for the themes of the play: friendship, love, and self-confidence.

As we work with our students towards understanding these sometimes intangible concepts, we find that Ziggy’s story offers much to teach, both about larger life concepts as well as the immersive and positive culture of a country different than our own and the music of a man whose opus was and is arguably a major catalyst for social change, love, and peace.

The information in Section 1 of this Study Guide includes discussion topics and points that been designed for you to share with your students before seeing our show; Section 2 contains lessons, activities and exercises for use in your classroom, along with their associated State Curriculum Standards, and Section 3 includes all the Study Guide answer keys, as well as a Study Guide Evaluation form. I would be most pleased if you would take a moment to tell us how we are doing in preparing these guides for you!

As you work through this study guide with your students, both before and after the show, feel the love, as we have, for this production, its beauty and life affirming credo.

Onwards and Upwards!

Kathryn Hnatio Vicere

Education Director, Adventure Theatre MTC

Study Guide prepared for Three Little Birds by Adventure Theatre MTC March 2013/Edited for National Tour January 2015.

Adventure Theatre MTC’s Showtime Rules

Before coming to see the show you may want to prepare your students for the experience by going over the basic rules of theatre etiquette. (Standards TH.K.S.1.1, TH.1.S.1.1, TH.2.S.1.1)*

• Please remain settled and seated during the performance. Remember, the actors on stage can hear you! And, no feet on the seats! Of course, laughter and applause at appropriate times are always appreciated!

• Please leave all candy, food and drinks (including water) outside of the theatre. Eating during a performance is very distracting and can get messy!

• Because the theatre will be dark during the performance, please use the restroom before the show! If it is an emergency, alert an usher, teacher or chaperone who will help you leave and re-enter the theatre.

• Please turn off all cell phones and electronic devices that might interfere with theatre equipment and eve- ryone’s enjoyment of the performance.

• After the show, please follow your teachers’ instructions- the bus might not be in the same place it dropped you off!

Pre-Show Discussion Topics (Standards: LAFS.K.SL.1.1, LAFS.1.SL.1.1, LAFS.2.SL.1.1)

Before seeing the show, engage in one of the following discussions:

1. A Duppy is a character in Jamaican folklore who is seen as an evil spirit. What kinds of spirits can you think of that might be similar to a Duppy?

2. What do you think it would be like to live on a tropical island? What is the weather like? What kinds of things could you do every day for fun?

3. (If exposing students to Bob Marley’s music) How does Bob Marley’s music make you feel? Do you feel sad or happy? Does the music make you want to dance or would you rather sit still?

Vocabulary (Standards: LAFS.K.L.3.4, LAFS.1.L.3.4, LAFS.2.L.3.4)

All Grades: Feel the rhythm of Jamaica! Add these words from Three Little Birds to your vocabulary this week. Create definitions with your students and use each in a sentence.

Reggae

paradise

crumpets

mongoose tourist hurricane *A detailed description of each Florida Standard Connection can be found on page 17.

Who is Bob Marley? Bob Marley wrote the song “Three Little Birds” that inspired the play we are going to see on stage.

Robert “Bob” Nesta Marley was a famous singer and musician, who performed a style of music called Reggae. Through his music, Bob Marley spread messages of peace, unity and love to the world. His music and lyrics share these three ideas.

Marley was born in 1945 in a small village in Jamaica. His mother was Jamaican and his father was Caucasian. As a small child, Marley was bullied by his peers because of his mixed racial background. The bullying he received had an impact on the music he wrote as an adult: Marley wrote often about loving all people, showing kindness and being peaceful towards others.

In 1976, as Marley became known worldwide, he left Jamaica to tour his music and spread his messages of love. He toured for many years sharing his music and his message. He died at the age of 36 and was given a state funeral in Jamaica– a very high honor. He continues to be a very important influence on modern music.

What is Reggae? Reggae music typically has a slower tempo than pop or rock music. Reggae uses guitar, piano, and snare drums, and horns as its main instruments. The emphasis of reggae music is in its syncopation and melodic bass lines.

Who is Anansi? Anansi is a fictional character in Caribbean folklore. She is typically talked about in oral fables as a spider, playing tricks on those she meets and is considered to be the voice of wisdom and strength. The Anansi stories are shared as a way to teach children and adults about overcoming a difficulty or hardship through self-reliance and strategy.

Who is Duppy? Duppy is a Jamaican word meaning ghost or spirit. Much of Caribbean folklore revolves around duppies. Duppies are generally regarded as trickster and evil spirits.

What is Jamaica? Jamaica is an island and a country in the Caribbean that lies about 90 miles south of Cuba in the Atlantic Ocean. Jamaica is the fifth-largest island country in the Caribbean. The climate in Jamaica is tropical, with hot and humid weather. The majority of Jamaica's population is of African descent. The official language of Jamaica is English.


INTRODUCTION

Music Connection/ELA Lesson: Reggae Music (Standards: LAFS.K.SL.1.1, LAFS.1.SL.1.1, LAFS.2.SL.1.1, MU.K.C.1.2, MU.K.C.2.1, MU.K.O.1.2, MU.K.O.3.1, MU.1.C.1.2, MU.1.C.3.1, MU.2.C.1.1, MU.2.C.3.1, MU.2.C.1.2)

There are many varieties of music in today’s world. In the musical Three Little Birds, the Reggae music of Bob Marley is used to tell the story of a boy named Ziggy as he gains the courage to experience life, friendship and love within the framework of Jamaican culture.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

• Students will be able to distinguish Reggae Music by sound, and tell the difference between Reggae and other kinds of musical genres.

• Students will be able to identify country of origin and main musical instruments in Reggae music.

• Students will develop listening and response skills to music.

MATERIALS

• Reggae music worksheet and sound clips of Reggae and instruments: Suggested media: YouTube

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

The teacher will (TTW) lead students in a class discussion about their favorite types of music.

TTW ask why students like that style of music. What kinds of instruments do they hear? Is the music fast or slow? Happy or sad? What makes the styles different? Is it instruments, what the songs are about, who sings or writes the music, or where the music comes from?

TTW explain that it is the combination of ALL those factors that make a musical style special. Today we are going to learn all about Reggae music!

1) TTW will play examples of Reggae Music. I.e. Bob Marley’s “One Love”.

2) TTW ask the students to discuss what they like about the music and what makes it special or different.

3) TTW pass out “Reggae Music” sheet. As the sheet is reviewed, TTW play examples of the instruments pictured. TTW identify the instruments as they are played and have students discuss what they sound like, how they change the music, or how they make them feel: i.e.: “The guitar makes the music sound happy, like I want to dance.”

4) TTW pass out the “New Music Style” worksheet. TTW choose a different style of music and play clips of it for students : (Ex. Folk Music, Famous Artist Willie Nelson or Classical Music, Famous Artist Bach). Using the musical clips TTW guide students through the worksheet.

5) The students will (TSW) discuss the differences between the new music style and Reggae.

CLOSING

TSW engage in discussions about what kind of music they would play for different situations, like when they want to relax, or go on a car ride, etc. TTW encourage students to listen to many kinds of music.

New Music Style! What is the name of this new music style?

Where does this music come from?

Draw pictures of the most important instruments in this style.

THINK ABOUT IT: How is this music different from Reggae? How is it the same?

REGGAE MUSIC Where does this music come from?

Jamaica

What are the main instruments in Reggae?

Bass Guitar Horns Snare Drum

Who is the most famous Reggae musician?

Bob Marley


INTRODUCTION

Social Studies/ELA Connection: Travel to Jamaica! (Standards: LAFS.K.SL.2.5, LAFS.K.SL.2.6, LAFS.1.W.2.5, LAFS.2.W.2.5)

In Three Little Birds, Ziggy explores outside of his rural village in Jamaica and gets to see the wonderful culture of Jamaica. Jamaica is an island in the Caribbean and a popular tourist destination.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

• Students will be able to define tourism and tourists. • Students will learn about Jamaica and its culture. • Students will create an advertisement to encourage tourists to come to Jamaica.

MATERIALS

• Jamaica Brochure • Blank paper and art supplies • Magazine ads from travel magazines (optional)

LAUNCHING THE LESSON

The teacher will (TTW) remind students about the Jamaican setting of Three Little Birds. TTW define tourism and tourists, explaining that tourists visit Jamaica for many reasons, including the beautiful scenery, tropical weather, and vibrant culture. One way tourists choose where they will go on vacation is though advertisements.

TTW explain that today, the students will (TSW) imagine that they work at a travel and tourism magazine. It is their job to create an advertisement that will encourage people to travel to Jamaica.


1) TTW hand out the Jamaica Brochure and review the information aloud with students.

2) TTW show the student examples of print advertising from real magazines.* (Optional)

3) Based on the information in the brochure, information taken from the play Three Little Birds, and any other research source, TSW pick a main idea and supporting details for their advertisement.

4) TSW use their answers to create an advertisement for tourists to come to Jamaica. TTW encourage students to think about what will make people want to read their ad: Is it neat? Colorful? Does it give useful information?

CLOSING

TSW “pitch” their advertisement to class, describing why they picked their specific focus for their advertisement. Why do they think that will make people come to Jamaica? Give evidence from their advertisement to support their answer.

Use the information in this brochure to create your own advertisement for Jamaica.

Jamaica is a tropical island in the Atlantic Ocean. The weather is warm and the oceans are beautiful

Cattawood Springs– A small settlement, that is like an American town,

this village is a huge hit with tourists! Many people live there and there is easy access to the port where the ships come in to deliver food, supplies and visitors.

Mongoose– On your visit to Jamaica, you will most likely see one of these furry wild animals. They look a little bit like ferrets,

but don’t touch them! They are definitely not as tame and friendly!

Dr. Bird– The swallow tail hummingbird is one of many pretty birds on the island.

This bird is called Dr. Bird by the local people and is Jamaica’s National Bird. Make sure to see one while you are on the island!

Reggae music is fun to dance to and can be heard all over the island!

Plantains look a lot like bananas, but are more firm on the inside. These fruits are delicious fried– try one today!

The most popular reggae music was written and performed by Bob Marley, who lived on the island and is fa-

mous around the world for his music.

A Duppy is a folklore character who is an evil spirit, like a ghost. A Duppy is like the big bad wolf in

American stories.

Anansi is another folklore character who is usually a girl

and presented as a spider. She likes to play tricks on people!


INTRODUCTION

Math Connection: Rhythm (Standards: MU.K.S.3.4, MU.K.O.1.2, MU.1.F.1.1, MU.2.C.1.1)

Reggae music is characterized by specific musical rhythms. In order to fully understand these rhythms, students must first understand basic rhythm and musical counting.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

• Students will be able to define rhythm. • Students will be able to recognize and count different rhythms. • Students will understand how numbers and music relate through counting.

MATERIALS

• Rhythm sheet • Drum (optional)

LAUNCHING THE LESSON

The teacher will (TTW) remind students that the musical Three Little Birds was based on the Reggae Music of Bob Marley. TTW define Reggae music, explaining that Reggae has a specific kind of rhythm. TTW play an example of Reggae. (suggested link to Bob Marley’s music: https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=zaGUr6wzyT8. TTW explain that music follows a beat and will count the beat, clapping or drumming on each note. Songs are made up of different kinds of rhythms. In this song, each measure of music has 4 beats. TTW explain that one “measure” of music is 4 beats. You can make combinations of notes that add up to 4.

TTW explain that today, the students will (TSW) learn about how to count rhythms and create their own.


1) TTW hand out the Rhythm Sheet.

2) TTW demonstrate each different note value, by clapping and counting aloud. TSW repeat and demonstrate as necessary. TTW use techniques of call and response, question and answer to ensure understanding of counting and beats.

3) TSW practice adding note values using the Rhythm worksheet.

4) TSW create 1-2 measures of music based on the 4 note values on the Rhythm worksheet. TSW share their rhythms with the class, counting and clapping.

CLOSING

TTW pick different student to stand next to each other and clap their rhythms in time, creating a longer “song.” Have students experiment with clapping different rhythms at the same time, or performing rhythms at different speeds.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zaGUr6wzyT8



NOTE VALUES

1 Measure has 4 Beats. You can make a measure in different ways.

= 1 Measure

1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4 beats

= 1 Measure

2 + 2 = 4 beats

= 1 Measure = 1 Measure

3 + 1 = 4 beats 4 + 0 = 4 beats

Practice making measure by solving the math problems. Fill in the blank with a number or a note!

3 + 1 = + 0 = 4 + = 4

+ + 2 = 4 1 + 3 = 4 4 + 0 =

2 + 2 = 4 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4 + 1 + 1 = 4

Quarter Note Half Note Dotted Half Note Whole Note

= 1 Beat = 2 Beats = 3 Beats = 4 Beats

Using what you know about Jamaica from Three Little Birds, color the picture. Add your own characters or characters from the play. Have fun! (Standard: VA.K.S.1.2)

Help Ziggy escape Duppy and make his way home!


Name:_ _


Directions: Put the words in alphabetical order. (Standard: SP.PK12.TP.3.1)

Jamaica Anansi

Cattawood Springs

Duppy Mongoose Reggae

Bird Plantain


Below are some terms used in the musical Three Little Birds. Use the brochure about Jamaica and match the words with their definitions by writing the letter of the correct definition next to the word. (Standards: LAFS.K.RL.1.3, LAFS.1.RL.1.1, LAFS.2.RL.1.1)

1. Duppy a. A Jamaican fruit, similar to a banana

2.

Jamaica

b.

A type of music

3.

Bob Marley

c.

A Jamaican settlement

4.

Anansi

d.

A folklore character who is a trickster

5.

Cattawood Springs

e.

An animal that looks like a ferret

6.

Plantain

f.

A folklore character who is an evil spirit

7.

Dr. Bird

g.

A tropical island in the Atlantic Ocean

8.

Reggae

h. The nickname of Jamaica's National Bird, the Swallow-Tail Hummingbird

9.

Mongoose

i.

A famous musician

10.

Ziggy

J.

The main character in the play Three Little Birds, who is a little boy afraid to explore his island home.


Adventure Theatre MTC’s Showtime Rules p. 3 TH.K.S.1.1 Demonstrate appropriate audience behavior at a live performance. TH.1.S.1.1 Exhibit appropriate audience etiquette and response. TH.2.S.1.1 Exhibit the behavior necessary to establish audience etiquette, response, and constructive criticism. Pre-show Discussion Topics p. 3 LAFS.K.SL.1.1, LAFS.1.SL.1.1, LAFS.2.SL.1.1: Participate in collaborative conversations with diverse partners about grade level topics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger groups. Vocabulary p. 3 LAFS.K.L.3.4, LAFS.1.L.3.4, LAFS.2.L.3.4: Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade level reading and content. Post-Show Lesson p. 5 LAFS.K.SL.1.1, LAFS.1.SL.1.1, LAFS.2.SL.1.1: Participate in collaborative conversations with diverse partners about grade 2 topics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger groups. MU.K.C.1.2: Identify various sounds in a piece of music. MU.K.C.2.1: Identify similarities and/or differences in a performance. MU.K.O.1.2: Identify similarities and differences in melodic phrases and/or rhythm patterns. MU.K.O.3.1: Respond to music to demonstrate how it makes one feel. MU.1.C.1.2: Respond to music from various sound sources to show awareness of differences in musical ideas. MU.1.C.3.1: Share different thoughts or feelings people have about selected pieces of music. MU.2.C.1.1: Identify appropriate listening skills for learning about musical examples selected by the teacher. MU.2.C.3.1: Discuss why musical characteristics are important when forming and discussing opinions about music.MU.2.C.1.2: Respond to a piece of music and discuss individual interpretations. Post-Show Lesson p. 8 LAFS.K.SL.2.5: Add drawings or other visual displays to descriptions as desired to provide additional detail. LAFS.K.SL.2.6: Speak audibly and express thoughts, feelings, and ideas clearly. LAFS.1.W.2.5: With guidance and support from adults, focus on a topic, respond to questions and suggestions from peers, and add details to strengthen writing as needed. LAFS.2.W.2.5: With guidance and support from adults and peers, focus on a topic and strengthen writing as needed by revising and editing. Post-Show Lesson p. 10 MU.K.S.3.4: Imitate simple rhythm patterns played by the teacher or a peer. MU.K.O.1.2: Identify similarities and differences in melodic phrases and/or rhythm patterns. MU.1.F.1.1: Create sounds or movement freely with props, instruments, and/or found sounds in response to various music styles and/or elements. MU.2.C.1.1: Identify appropriate listening skills for learning about musical examples selected by the teacher. Activity Page: Color an Island p. 12 VA.K.S.1.2: Produce artwork influenced by personal decisions and ideas. Alphabetical Order p. 14 SP.PK12.TP.3.1 Demonstrate comprehension and use of the system governing the order and combination of words to form sentences in spoken and written language. Definition Match p. 15 LAFS.K.RL.1.3: With prompting and support, identify characters, settings, and major events in a story. LAFS.1.RL.1.1: Ask and answer questions about key details in a text. LAFS.2.RL.1.1: Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where, when, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key details in a text.

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