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Basic Health 

Physical inactivity, infections and

Hyperhomocysteinemia

&

The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease “CAD” 

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Physical inactivity, infections and

Hyperhomocysteinemia

• Physical inactivity: 

 – Increases mortality and morbidity

 – Decreases HDL levels

 – Elevates blood pressure

• Viral and bacterial infections 

• Hyperhomocysteinemia 

 – Correction by folate administration

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

• “In postmortem examinations of young

victims from traffic accidents, 50% to 75% of

all males showed coronary artery

atherosclerosis and 5% to 10% showed severe

stenosis.” * 

*http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8335815

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

• The roots of coronary artery disease (CAD) can

be found in early childhood. There is ample

evidence that cardiovascular damage may be

incident in adolescents and young adults.

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

Coronarography, coronary stenosis, and coronaroscopy

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

Coronary Arteritis Coronary Arteritis Coronary Arteritis 

Coronary Arteritis 

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

• Prevention 

 – Dietary modification

 – Unsaturated fatty acids and vegetable proteins

 – Five servings/day of fruits and vegetables

decrease the risk of CAD and some cancers

 – Flavonoids found in red grapes, red wine, black

teas, and dark beers

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

• Prevention 

 – Fiber

• Soluble found in oat bran. It decreases cholesterol

• Insoluble in cellulose

 – Dietary supplementation with vitamins A, B, C,

and E, omega-3, folic acid, and calcium

 –Exercise

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

• Treatment 

 – Dilating drugs such as:

• Nitrates and nitroglycerin

• Ca blockers vasodilators

 – β-Blockers block sympathetic stimulation of the

heart

 –Antiplatelet drugs such as Aspirin, Plavix

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

• Treatment 

 – Invasive cardiotherapy:

• Angioplasty and Stents 

• Bypass surgery 

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD” 

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The Burden of Coronary Artery Disease

“CAD”