basic hindi | lesson 8 | common interrogations and replies

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Namastē! Lesson 8| Basic Hindi


Lesson object

1 Common interrogations and replies


Revision : Postpositions

English Hindi

From Sē

At Mēṁ

In Mēṁ

On Pē / kō / mēṁ

Of kā


Revision : Basic interrogatives

English Hindi

How much/many? kitnā / kitnē?

How? kaisē?

What? kyā?

When? kab?

Where? kahān?

Who? kaun?


Revision : Conversation

English Hindi

When did he come? Vaha kab āyā?

He came yesterday Vaha kal āyā

Where are you from? Āp kahān sē haiṁ?

I am from ___ Main ____ sē hūn

Who are you? Āp kaun haiṁ?

I am Claire Maiṁ Claire hooṁ


Today's conversation!

Which language do you speak? I speak Spanish/Hindi Why are you angry?

I am angry because I lost my money


Today we will learn two more interrogations, 'Which'and 'Why'

Lets begin with 'Which'!


Interrogatives

Which

Kaunsā


Grammar tip

'Kaunsā', literally means 'which one' and should not be confused

with 'who' or 'kaun'


Using interrogations - Which

Which language do you speak?


Conversation

Which language do you speak

Kaunsi bhāṣā hō Āp bōlanā


Grammar tip

The verb 'to speak' literally translates to 'bōlanā' in Hindi, however, when we say do you speak’ it translates to 'bōltay hō'

This happens because in Hindi, verbs change when interacting with pronouns!


Conversation

Which language do you speak

Kaunsi bhāṣā hō Āp bōltay


Using interrogations - Which

Question Structure Subject | Interrogation | Object | Verb

|'To-be' verb

Which language do you speak?

Āp kaunsi bhāṣā bōltay hō?


Answering interrogation - Which

I speak Spanish / Hindi




Maiṁ bōltī /bōltā Spanish/ Hindi hooṁ



Basic Answer structureSubject | Object | Verb| 'To-be' verb


Maiṁ Spanish / Hindi bōltī / bōltā hooṁ


Let's see if you remember…


Exercise : Pick the right option

'Do you speak' translates to ___

1

Kyā āp bōltay hō

2

Maiṁ bōltā hooṁ

3

kaunsi bhāṣā


Solution

'Do you speak' translates to ___

1

Kyā āp bōltay hō

2

Maiṁ bōltā hooṁ

3

kaunsi bhāṣā


Recall what the other options translate as!

English Hindi

I speak Maiṁ bōltā hooṁ

Which language kaunsi bhāṣā


The next interrogation we learn is 'Why'


Interrogatives

Much like 'where' the 'n' here is also a nasal sound, not pronounced completely

Why

kyon


Using interrogations - Why

Why are you angry?



Why are you angry

kyon haiṁ Āp nārāj



Question structureSubject| Adjective|Interrogation|'To–be'

verb

Why are you angry?

Āp nārāj kyon haiṁ?


Grammar tip


This sentence can be read as two different sentences, connected by the word 'because' We will treat them as such and bring them

together later


Answering interrogations




I am angry

Maiṁ hooṁ nārāj



Because

kyōṅki


Grammar tip - Because

Because, translates as 'kyōṅki' and serves the same purpose as ‘because’ in english, i.e.

identifying the cause of something

In our example, because serves as a connector



I lost my money

Mainē gumā mērē paisey hō gayē



Basic Answer structureSubject| 'To-be' verb | Object

I lost my money

Mērē paisey gum hō gayē


Grammar tip

'I lost' translates to 'gum hō gayē' as it refers

to an event that has already happened, i.e. in the past!



Basic Answer structureSubject| 'To-be'verb | Object


Maiṁ nārāj hooṁ kyōṅki mērē paisey gum hō gayē


Did you notice? - The two I's

While the English sentence has two I's (I lost my money, I am angry) their translation in

Hindi, is different This happens because while dealing with something that belongs to you, Hindi

uses the word 'mērē'

My house = Mērā ghar I won = Maiṁ jītā


Let's see if you remember...


Exercise : Pick the right option

'I lost my money' translates to ___

1

Maiṁ nārāj hooṁ

2

Āp nārāj kyon ho

3

Mērē paisey gumā hō gayē


Solution

'I lost my money' translates to ___

1

Maiṁ nārāj hooṁ

2

Āp nārāj kyon ho

3

Mērē paisey gumā hō gayē


Recall what the other options translate as!

English Hindi

I am angry Maiṁ nārāj hooṁ

Why are you angry Āp nārāj kyon ho


Revision : Basic interrogatives

English Hindi

How much/many? Kitnā / kitnē?

How? Kaisē?

What? Kyā?

When? Kab?

Where? Kahān?

Who? Kaun?

Which? Kaunsa?

Why? Kyon?


Revision : Today's conversation!

English Hindi

Which language do you

speak? Āp kaunsi bhāṣā bōltay hō?

I speak Spanish/Hindi Maiṁ Spanish/Hindi bōltī/bōltā hooṁ

Why are you angry? Āp nārāj kyon ho?

I am angry because I stole

my money

Maiṁ nārāj hooṁ kyōṅki mērē paisey

gumā ho gayē


Culture leaf


Culture leaf- Handicrafts in India

Indian Arts and Crafts of each

age reflect the culture,

traditions and happenings of

that particular era

Every age, every dynasty, every

empire has its influence and

essence in the crafts belonging

to those times, therefore making

India's heritage diverse and

culturally rich


What's next?

In the next lesson we will learn basicdemonstratives and their usage!


Credits

Content

Culture Alley

Culture leaf

http://www.cbseguess.com/education/india_facts/in

dian_handicraft.php

http://www.india-crafts.com/business-reports/key-

facts.htm

Image

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:El_Taj_Mahal-

Agra_India0023.JPG


Dhan'yavād! See you at the Alley!


basic hindi | lesson 8 | common interrogations and replies

Travel

mai blt hoo

kitn kitn

mai nrj hoo

mr paisey

basic answer

nrj kyon ho

kaunsi bh

kaunsi bh