basic principles of airmanship airfields. objectives understand airfield layouts know how runways...
TRANSCRIPT
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Basic Principles of Airmanship
Airfields
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Objectives
• Understand Airfield Layouts
• Know how runways are numbered
• Know how runways & taxiways are marked – by day and night
• Know how approach lights guide an aircraft into land
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Types of Airfield
• Grass
• Triangle Pattern
• Main Instrument Runway
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Wind Speed 20 Knots
Airspeed 80 Knots
Ground Speed = 60 Knots
Taking off into Wind
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Grass Airfield
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Triangle Pattern Airfield
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Types of Airfield
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of:
• Grass airfields?
• Triangle pattern airfields?
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Modern Main Instrument Runway
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Major Airport
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Modern Main Instrument Runway
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Aircraft are vulnerable to attack if lined up!
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Aircraft Dispersal (Battle of Britain 1940)
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Hardened Aircraft Shelter (HAS) 2004
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Exterior of Hardened Aircraft Shelter
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Damaged HAS in Iraq 2003
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QRA Take Off
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Runways numbered by Magnetic Compass Bearing
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Runway 22 heading South West
Runway 04 (Reciprocal) heading North East
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Runways numbered by Magnetic Compass Bearing
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Runway 22 is heading 220°
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Air Traffic Control
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Windsock – Wind Direction & Strength
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Runway & Taxiway Markings
• Runways marked in white
• Taxiways marked in yellow
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Taxi way Markings - Yellow
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Markings on Approach to Runway
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Runway Threshold
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Threshold and Displaced Threshold markings
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Taxiway
Displacement Markings
Threshold Markings
Sterile Area
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Airfield Lighting
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Taxiway Lighting – Blue Edge, Green Centre
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PAPIs (Red/White)
Threshold (Green)
Approach Lights (White)
Airfield Approach Lights
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Threshold Green Lights
White Runway lights
Sterile Area
Red Obstruction Lights
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Precision Approach Path Indicators (PAPIs)
Threshold Lights
High Visibility “T”
Approach Lights
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Runway Lighting
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Lining up on Approach
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Lining up on Approach
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Landing on Runway 15 – Birmingham Airport
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Landing on Runway 15 – Birmingham Airport
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Why are taxiway lights and markings so important?
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Objectives
• Understand Airfield Layouts
• Know how runways are numbered
• Know how runways & taxiways are marked – by day and night
• Know how approach lights guide an aircraft into land
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Questions?
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Questions
• What does “HAS” stand for?
What colour are obstruction lights?• What colour are threshold lights?• How are taxiways marked in daylight?• What colours are taxiway lights?• What is used on an airfield to show wind
direction?
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Questions
• How are runways numbered?
• True or False: Pilots will usually choose to take off with the wind behind them.
• What is a “Sterile Area”?
• How is a Sterile Area marked?
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