basic principles of the united states constitution
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Basic Principles Basic Principles of the of the
United States United States ConstitutionConstitution
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Popular SovereigntyPopular Sovereignty
Popular = peoplePopular = people
Sovereignty = right, or power to Sovereignty = right, or power to rulerule
Popular sovereignty = Popular sovereignty =
–People should have the right People should have the right and the power to rule and the power to rule themselvesthemselves
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How was popular sovereignty portrayed by...How was popular sovereignty portrayed by...
English English citizens?citizens?
Magna CartaMagna Carta
Glorious Glorious RevolutionRevolution
Parliament Parliament made up of made up of representatives representatives that the people that the people electedelected
Growth of Growth of democratic democratic governmentgovernment
American American colonists?colonists?
Creation of Creation of colonial colonial governments governments
Town Town meetingsmeetings
Declaration of Declaration of IndependenceIndependence
Framers of the Framers of the Constitution?Constitution?
““We the We the People…”People…”
Gov’t must Gov’t must always reflect always reflect the will of the the will of the peoplepeople
Will of people Will of people expressed expressed through through electionselections
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Limited GovernmentLimited GovernmentPower of the government should be limitedPower of the government should be limited
Our government may only do what the Our government may only do what the people give it the power to dopeople give it the power to do
Power denied to government in Constitution Power denied to government in Constitution and the Bill of Rightsand the Bill of Rights
Rule of law =Rule of law =– The law applies to everyone, even those The law applies to everyone, even those
who governwho govern
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FederalismFederalismNational government and state governments National government and state governments share power.share power.
ENUMERATED ENUMERATED POWERSPOWERS
• Powers that the
Constitution gives to the
national government
only
RESERVED RESERVED POWERSPOWERS
• Powers that the
Constitution gives to the
states
CONCURRENT CONCURRENT POWERSPOWERS
• Powers that the national
and state governments
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Supremacy clause: Supremacy clause: – The Constitution and the The Constitution and the
laws of the national laws of the national government are the “supreme government are the “supreme law of the land”.law of the land”.
What happens if there is a What happens if there is a conflict between federal and conflict between federal and
state authority?state authority?
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Full Faith and Credit ClauseFull Faith and Credit Clause
States must recognize the laws, States must recognize the laws, records, and judicial decisions of records, and judicial decisions of other statesother states
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Separation of PowersSeparation of PowersFramers wanted to make sure that no 1 Framers wanted to make sure that no 1 person or group of people gained too person or group of people gained too much power.much power.
Montesquieu gave the idea to clearly Montesquieu gave the idea to clearly separate the 3 branches of government:separate the 3 branches of government:
- - Legislative, Executive, JudicialLegislative, Executive, Judicial
System of System of checks and balanceschecks and balances makes makes sure that no one branch would gain too sure that no one branch would gain too much power.much power.
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Each branch Each branch is not totally is not totally independent independent of the othersof the others
Checks and BalancesChecks and Balances
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Judicial ReviewJudicial Review Courts may Courts may
determine whether determine whether or not what the or not what the President or President or Congress does is Congress does is ConstitutionalConstitutional