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GLENDALE POLICE DEPARTMENT (Burbank Course is at the End of Glendale’s Outline)

BASIC SWAT SCHOOL – 80 HOURS

EXPANDED COURSE OUTLINE

DAY 1 I. INTRODUCTION / COURSE OBJECTIVES

1. Provide advanced tactical training for responses to high-risk incidents: a. Barricaded suspects, hostage situations, high-risk search (and arrest) warrants,

and rapid deployment options. 2. Standardize movement techniques within the organization. a. Entry Techniques b. Door opening 3. Standardize tactical planning considerations. a. Identifying locations b. Photographs c. interior layout 4. Enhance weapon familiarization.

a. Manipulation, and proficiency.

5. Provide advanced training to prevent accidents and enhance safety during high-risk operations. a. Protective vest, helmet b. Goggles, gloves 6. POST SWAT project and guidelines II. PHYSICAL FITNESS AND PERFORMANCE STANDARD 1. Review physical fitness standards.

a. Obstacle course b. Time limit c. Procedure after a failure

2. Emergency medical procedures a. First aid kit locations b. Rescue vehicle 3. Student evaluation process

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4. Team member evaluation process III. SWAT GUIDELINES, PROTOCOL, AND MUTUAL AID PROCEDURES

A. SWAT PHILOSOPHY The Special Weapons and Tactics Team (SWAT) has evolved from the philosophy that a team of highly trained and well-conditioned officers can be effectively utilized in potentially dangerous situations to reduce the risk of injury or loss of life to citizens, police officers, and suspects. SWAT members have volunteered to be a part of this team, taking on this assignment above and beyond their normal duties. Team members serve at the discretion of the Chief of Police and shall be cognizant of their leadership role in the organization as members of this highly disciplined unit. Members of the Special Weapons and Tactics Team will maintain a quiet, positive demeanor and display spirit of cooperation when dealing with members of the Department and the public.

B. PURPOSE The purpose of the Special Weapons and Tactics Team (SWAT) is to maintain a ready squad of specially trained and equipped police personnel, with tactical expertise and a high level of physical performance, which can be effectively deployed to enhance public safety and safety of police personnel in certain inherently dangerous situations.

Recognizing that a well-trained and disciplined team of officers can effectively and safely handle such situation, the SWAT is tasked with providing a 24-hour response readiness for a variety of tactical and high-risk incidents. Through this service capability, the Department can ensure superior emergency preparedness, enhance control in tactical emergencies, and a safer operational environment for the public and for police personnel.

C. MISSION

To provide the department with well-orchestrated tactical alternatives for a variety of enforcement

situations including planned events, spontaneous incidents and dynamic emergency situations. These alternatives are intended to achieve the desired outcome while reducing the risk of injury or loss of live to citizens, police officers and suspects.

D. USE OF FORCE

Although SWAT personnel utilize special weapons, adherence to Department policy and

applicable laws concerning use of force remains the same as for all Glendale Police Department sworn personnel.

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E. UTILIZATION OF SWAT

1. SWAT shall be considered an option in the following incidents:

a. Barricaded suspect b. Suicidal person (armed)

c. Hostage situation d. Planned arrest warrant (high-risk) e. Search for armed suspect(s) f. Officer/citizen rescue g. Unusual occurrence h. Rapid deployment situation i. Anti-sniper response j. Dignitary protection

F. COMMAND RESPONSIBILITIES Any member of the Department may seek the use of SWAT. For planned incidents during normal

working hours, a management/executive staff member for the unit from which the request originates shall approve/disapprove all requests for SWAT. If approved, the request will then be routed to the SWAT captain or lieutenant who shall have the authority to authorize or deny the use of SWAT. For weekend and/or emergency recall of SWAT personnel, a member of the executive staff shall approve/disapprove authority for use of SWAT members.

In tactical situation, the SWAT captain, SWAT lieutenant, and/or other designee shall assume the role of Tactical Operations Commander. The number of personnel assigned to an incident, the unity of command, and the overall response and incident command shall be under the direction of the SWAT commander as designated above.

G. PROTOCOL REVIEW

1. When a SWAT call-out has been authorized, the watch commander or designee shall provide the following information:

a. A brief of the incident b. Threat level (shots fired or access to weapons) c. Suspect containment d. Command to surrender e. Evacuations and incident isolation f. Location of command post and safe approach route

2. Patrol supervisory/management personnel at the scene of a spontaneous incident, before SWAT arrival, shall primarily be responsible for:

a. Incident or scene containment b. Evacuating persons without unnecessary risk c. Establishing a holding area for evacuated persons d. Traffic control and news media control e. Notification and staging of Glendale Fire personnel f. Establishing initial contact with the suspect, seeking his voluntary surrender g. Identification of witnesses and victims

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3. Intelligence information concerning the suspect:

c. name d. age e. description f. background g. number of suspects h. number of hostages i. incident address j. description k. telephone l. known family members m. diagram of the location

4. The first responding SWAT members shall primarily be responsible for: a. Transportation of logistics and specialized vehicles b. Identification of a suitable location for the Tactical Operations Center (TOC) c. Coordination with the Incident Commander d. Assembly/coordination of responding SWAT resources e. Assignment of SWAT dedicated radio frequency

5. The first arriving SWAT supervisory/manager, or subsequent designee, shall be responsible for:

a. Coordination/briefing with the Incident Commander b. Establishment of the TOC c. Staging of SWAT personnel d. Ensuring that scouting/briefing information has been obtained e. Development of a tactical plan and contingency plan f. Briefing of SWAT personnel g. Deployment of sniper/observer teams when appropriate h. Staging and/or deployment of a React Team, Deliberate Assault Team, and/or

Chemical Agents Team when appropriate i. Establishment of command and control over all SWAT personnel

j. Establishment of unity of command with SWAT, CNT, and Incident Command personnel

H. REVIEW - MUTUAL AID PROCEDURES

1. Introduction A. Regional SWAT teams B. Local teams working together as one C. Pros/cons D. Protocols E. Multi-agency agreements F. F.I.C. / Chain of Command

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IV. CRISIS NEGOTIATING TEAM

1. Review CNT a. Administrative Structure of SWAT/CNT b. Role of CNT c. Tactical Considerations d. CNT/SWAT cooperation and interface e. Equipment and capabilities V. SAFETY PROCEDURES 1. General Safety Rules

a. All guns are always loaded. b. Never let the muzzle cover anything you are not willing to destroy. c. Keep your finger off the trigger until your sights are on the target. d. Be sure of your target. Know what it is, what it is in line with, and what is behind it. 2. Range Safety Rules a. Weapons will be deployed in these positions, at the direction of the range staff. All

weapons will start with the safety on, unless otherwise designated by the range staff. 1. Ready position 2. Holster or sling 3. Any position designated by the instructor b. Someone in authority will supervise all firearms training. All safety procedures will

be strictly enforced. c. Do not give a firearm or take a firearm from anyone unless the cylinder or action

is open, unless directed by the range staff for tactical training purposes. d. Do not anticipate a command. e. Keep the firearm pointed down range or in a safe direction at all times. f. Do not go in front of the line of fire until the line has been cleared or otherwise

declared safe. g. While not actually on the firing line, all handguns will be holstered or carried empty

with the cylinder open, the magazine removed, and the slide locked back. h. While not actually on the firing line, all shoulder weapons will be slung, with the safety on, or carried empty with the magazines removed. i. Anyone participating in the training, whether shooter, observer, or instructor, has the

authority to call “CEASE FIRE” if they observe an unsafe act or condition that may cause imminent injury and/or death and/or damage to the facilities.

j. No smoking will be permitted on the firing line. k. No officer will be permitted on the firing line if there is knowledge or reason to believe such person has consumed alcoholic beverages. l. Eye and ear protection shall be worn while on the firing line. m. When a weapon is being cleaned, all live ammunition shall be removed from the cleaning station.

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VI. INTRODUCTION TO SWAT FIREARMS 1. Sig Sauer a. 9 mm (P226) b. 45. Caliber (P220) 2. Heckler & Koch Sub-machine gun a. 9 mm b. Selector lever 1. Safe 2. Semi automatic 3. Full automatic 3. Colt M-16 / AR-15 a. .223 caliber carbines b. Selector lever 1. Safe 2. Semi automatic 3. Full automatic 4. Remington 12 gauge shotgun a. Pump action b. Multiple uses 1. Entry weapon 2. Breaching shotgun 3. deploys noise flash diversion devices 5. Benelli 12 guage shotgun a. Semi automatic b. Multiple uses 1. Entry weapon 2. Ability to “Slug up” quickly 6. Defense Technologies 40 mm platforms a. Less lethal rounds b. Chemical agents VII. INTRODUCTION TO SWAT HANDGUN, HOLSTER, AND EQUIPMENT 1. Ki-dex thumb-break holster with flashlight pouch 2. Magazine pouches and varying web gear and equipment for SWAT members 3. Uniform equipment a. uniforms b. tactical vests, pouches c. helmets/gloves/goggles/hoods d. miscellaneous equipment 1. doorstops

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2. 550 cord 4. Communication devices a. portable radios b. “TEA” Headsets c. “PTT Switch” d. Throat microphone e. encrypted radio channels 5. Support Equipment/Technology a. SWAT vehicles b. breaching tools c. ladders d. shields e. miscellaneous hand tools f. pole cameras and mirrors VIII. INTRODUCTION OF THE SWAT HANDGUN 1. Introduction to Weaver Stance a. Stand at approximately a 45 degree angle to target b. Lock the gun out, lock elbow c. Support hand position d. Point elbow straight down toward the ground e. Head up, bring weapon up to eye level 2. Weapon Presentation a. Five count presentation of handgun 1. Gun hand on gun, unfasten any retention devices, support hand is

brought to belt buckle area in front of body 2. Draw straight up and clear holster 3. Drop elbow down, pointing weapon to front 4. Push weapon forward, to support hand 5. Acquire target and press trigger 3. Sight alignment a. Front sight 1. Front sight should be aligned with the rear sight 2. Front sight should be clear 3. Target should be blurry 4. Trigger control a. Smooth trigger pull b. Surprised break c. Trigger reset 5. Dry fire a. Weapon is verified empty b. Student will demonstrate to instructor proper stance, trigger control

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6. Live fire exercise a. 3 yards b. 7 yards c. 10 yards 7. Introduction to shooting on a move 7-3 yards a. Stance b. Weapon position c. Footwork d. Head on a swivel

8. Positional shooting a. Kneeling 1. Speed Kneeling 2. Braced Kneeling 3. Two knee kneeling b. Sitting 1. From standing to seated position 2. Support hand 3. Ankles crossed 4. Ankles uncrossed c. Prone (roll over prone) 1. From standing to prone 2. Two knee kneeling 3. Support hand extends out 4. Proper body position at 45 degree angle 5. Elbows as support DAY 2 I. PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF THE SWAT HANDGUN 1. Review a. Review Safety Procedures b. Review Weaver Stance and Five count presentation c. Live fire 3, 7, 10 and yards d. Shooting on the move 7-3 yards 2. Reloading a. Speed loading b. Tactical reloading 3. Live Fire a. Live fire 15, 25, and 35 yards

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b. Shooting on the move 7-3 and 10-3 yards c. Failure drills 3, 7 and 10 yards d. Multiple targets 4. Position Shooting a. Standing b. Kneeling c. Prone 5. Qualification a. SWAT Handgun qualification Day 3 I. HK MP-5 FAMILIARIZATION / DRY 1. Keckler & Koch MP 5 sub-machine gun, 9 mm a. Nomenclature b. Operation c. Take-down d. Proper cleaning 2. Loading a. Proper magazine capacity b. Loading / Unloading c. Speed loading / Tactical Reload 3. Malfunction a. Common malfunctions b. Clearing a malfunction c. Transition to handgun 4. Introduction to shooting stance a. Square up to target b. Stance c. Proper grip d. Elbows down e. Low ready f. Head on a swivel

5. Sight alignment a. Front sight 1. Front sight should be aligned with the rear aperture 2. Front sight should be clear 3. Target should be blurry 6. Trigger control a. Smooth trigger pull

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b. Surprised break c. Trigger reset 7. Dry fire a. Weapon is verified empty b. Student will demonstrate to instructor proper stance, trigger control

II. LIVE FIRE DRILLS MP5 1. Live fire semi-automatic a. 7 yards b. 10 yards c. 15 yards d. 25 yards 2. Full automatic fire a. 1 press, 2 shot burst at 3 yards b. 1 press, 2 shot burst at 7 yards

3. Introduction to shooting on a move 7-3 yards a. Stance b. Weapon position c. Footwork d. Head on a swivel

4. Full automatic fire shooting on a move a. Move from 10 yards to 3 yards while shooting center mass b. Move from the 10 yards to 3 yards, full automatic fire, failure drill III. POSITIONAL SHOOTING 1. Standing a. Squared up to target b. Slight bend in knees c. Upper body slightly bent forward d. Elbows pointed down e. Low ready position f. Head on a swivel 2. Kneeling a. Speed Kneeling b. Braced Kneeling c. Two knee kneeling 3. Squat a. From standing to squat b. Keep feet shoulder width apart

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c. Flat on feet d. Elbows on knees 4. Sitting a. From standing to seated position b. Support hand c. Ankles crossed d. Ankles uncrossed 5. Prone a. From standing to prone b. Two knee kneeling c. Support hand extends out d. Proper body position at 45 degree angle e. Elbows as support IV. CLEANING 1. Overview of Basic Cleaning/Maintenance a. Safety b. Disassembly c. Chamber Brush vs. Bore brush d. Lubrication Day 4 I. INTRODUCTION TO M16 1. M-16 / AR-15, .223 caliber a. Nomenclature b. Operation c. Take-down d. Proper cleaning 2. Loading a. Proper magazine capacity b. Loading / Unloading c. Speed loading / Tactical Reload 3. Malfunction a. Common malfunctions b. Clearing a malfunction c. Transition to handgun 4. Introduction to shooting stance a. Square up to target b. Stance

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c. Proper grip d. Elbows down e. Low ready f. Head on a swivel

5. Sight alignment a. Front sight 1. Front sight should be aligned with the rear aperture 2. Front sight should be clear 3. Target should be blurry 6. Trigger control a. Smooth trigger pull b. Surprised break c. Trigger reset

II. POSITIONAL SHOOTING 1. Standing a. Squared up to target b. Slight bend in knees c. Upper body slightly bent forward d. Elbows pointed down e. Low ready position f. Head on a swivel 2. Kneeling a. Speed Kneeling b. Braced Kneeling c. Two knee kneeling 3. Squat a. From standing to squat b. Keep feet shoulder width apart c. Flat on feet d. Elbows on knees 4. Sitting a. From standing to seated position b. Support hand c. Ankles crossed d. Ankles uncrossed 5. Prone a. From standing to prone b. Two knee kneeling c. Support hand extends out d. Proper body position at 45 degree angle e. Elbows as support

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III. DRY FIRE PRACTICE M16

1. Dry fire a. Weapon is verified empty

b. Student will demonstrate to instructor proper stance, trigger control c. Dry practice of high ready position d. Dry practice of low ready or indoor ready e. Dry practice of pivoting left, right, to the rear III. LIVE FIRE EXERCISE M16 1. Live fire semi-automatic, standing, kneeling, squat, sitting, prone a. 7 yards b. 10 yards c. 15 yards d. 25 yards e. 35 yards f. 50 yards 2. Full automatic fire a. 1 press, 2 shot burst at 3 yards b. 1 press, 2 shot burst at 7 yards

3. Introduction to shooting on a move 7-3 yards a. Stance b. Weapon position c. Footwork d. Head on a swivel

4. Full automatic fire shooting on a move a. Move from 10 yards to 3 yards while shooting center mass b. Move from the 10 yards to 3 yards, full automatic fire, failure drill 5. Full automatic fire shooting on the move at an oblique angle a. Move from 10 yards to 3 yards while shooting center mass, oblique left b. Move from 10 yards to 3 yards, while shooting center mass, oblique right Day 5 I. Live Fire Exercises for M-16 (continued) 1. Review of Positions a. Standing b. Kneeling c. Squat d. Sitting

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e. Prone 2. Semi-automatic fire a. 3 yards b. 7 yards c. 10 yards d. 15 yards e. 25 yards f. 50 yards 3. Semi-automatic fire failure drill a. 3 yards b. 7 yards c. 10 yards d. 15 yards 4. Reloading drills a. Speed load b. Tactical load 5. Full automatic fire a. 3 yards b. 7 yards c. 10 yards 6. Shooting on the move, full automatic fire a. 10 yards to 3 yards b. 15 yards to 7 yards 7. Multiple targets a. Set three targets b. Officer will shoot all three targets c. Officer will shoot 2 shots to the body from the left to right d. Officer will then shoot 1 shot to the head from the right to the left 8. Transition drills a. Malfunction b. Transition from M-16 to handgun

II. PRACTICAL APPLICATION SWAT HANDGUN/LONG GUN

1. Shooting drills from distances (ranging from 3 yards to 50 yards) a. Handgun

o Live fire semi-automatic at 3 yards o Live fire semi-automatic at 7 yards o Live fire semi-automatic at 10 yards o Live fire semi-automatic at 15 yards o Live fire semi-automatic at 25 yards o Semi-automatic fire shooting on the move from 10 yards to 3 yards

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o Failure drills

b. Long gun o Live fire semi-automatic at 7 yards o Live fire semi-automatic at 10 yards o Live fire semi-automatic at 15 yards o Live fire semi-automatic at 25 yards o Full automatic fire 2 shoots burst at 3 yards o Full automatic fire 2 shoots burst at 7 yards o Full automatic fire shooting on a move from 10 to 3 yards o Full automatic fire failure drill o Semi-automatic fire at 25 yards o Semi-automatic fire at 35 yards o Semi-automatic fire at 50 yards

2. Reloading a. Speed reload b. Tactical reload

3. Transition Drill

a. Malfunction with long gun, transition to handgun b. Clearance drills 1. Stove pipe 2. Double feed 3. Failure to extract 4. Failure to feed 5. Failure to fire

4. Qualification a. SWAT handgun qualification b. SWAT long gun qualification

III. Canines 1. Use of canines for a. open air or building searches 2. Search team make-up a. Diamond formation 3. Perimeters a. Command post b. Containment IV. Airborne 1. Use of helicopter with SWAT a. Air insertions b. Use of helicopter as sniper platform

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V. Precision Rifle 1. Overview a. Remington 308, bolt action rifle b. Leopold variable, 3x9 scope 2. Live fire demo a. Fire from 70 yards at head shot

WEEK TWO Day 6 I. TRAINING OBJECTIVES 1. Provide advanced tactical training for search warrant and arrest warrant service. 2. Standardize movement techniques for use during search and arrest warrant service. 3. Provide training and familiarization for equipment that may be used during search warrant and arrest warrant service.

4. Provide advanced training for weapon familiarization, manipulation, and proficiency used during search warrant and arrest warrant service. II. LEGAL AND OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES 1. General Guidelines (Warrant Service) a. Suspects are known to be armed b. Armed resistance is anticipated c. The location may be fortified requiring specialized equipment and tactics in order to accomplish entry d. Always remember the four (4) basic safety rules

2. Legal Requirements a. 844 Penal Code – To make an arrest, a private person, if the offense is a felony, and in all cases a peace officer, may break open the door or window of the house in which the person to be arrested is, or in which they have reasonable grounds for believing the person to be, after having demanded admittance and explained the purpose for which admittance is desired.

b. 1531 Penal Code – Officer may break open door, etc., to execute warrant.

The officer may break open any outer or inner door or window of a house, or any part of a house, or anything therein, to execute the warrant, if, after notice of his authority and purpose, he is refused admittance.

3. High Risk Warrants a. The location is heavily fortified

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b. Shooters are known to be present c. Weapons are present and a belief they will be used d. Gang members are known to be present e. Propensity for violence exists 4. Low Risk Warrants a. No history of violence b. Type of crime involved c. Easy access to structure d. Weapons/danger to officers is minimal 5. Types of Service a. Dynamic: used in narcotic warrants or where destruction of

evidence is to be prevented b. Surround and Call-Out: used where evidence destruction not an issue 6. 4-Primary Steps 1. Planning 2. Briefing 3. Initiation 4. Critique 7. Planning a. Obtain all possible information, asking questions regarding children, disabled persons, suspects, weapons, and floor plan. b. Scout the location. Include use of photos (ground, air, and video). c. Analyze the physical layout, such as doors, windows, gates, and fences. Determine which potential entry points would make best primary (RED) and secondary (BLUE) breach points. d. Recognize potential danger areas especially as they involve the breach point. e. Determine breach tools necessary to complete the entry. 8. Briefing a. Determine the operation plan including individual assignments, equipment, weapons, logistics, compromise authority, and vehicles b. Medical brief regarding nearest hospital, trauma center, transport vehicle c. Conduct rehearsal when appropriate, including officer positions, equipment usage, equipment removal, cover officers and/or perimeter or containment officers 9. Initiate a. The Stack concept – lining up officers prior to making entry b. Squeeze up – the last officer passes the squeeze up to the first officer c. Ready - signals when team is ready d. Movement – entry through breach point, movement through rooms (L-shaped) e. Doors – closed doors vs. open doors f. Multiple rooms g. Movement through hallways h. Officer down rescues i. Contacting suspects

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j. Surround and call out procedures and movement 10. Debrief

a. Post warrant discussion and dialogue for future training and deployment considerations. b. Report for file including team assignment, knock & notice delivery, damage assessment if necessary, and tactical review

III. INTRODUCTION TO MOVEMENT – SEARCH WARRANTS 1. Team movement to breach point a. Stacking of team at breach point b. Team movement through doorways (open, close, and opposing) 2. Single room entry a. Footwork b. Division of room (areas of responsibility) 3. Multiple rooms in residence a. Use of trailers (additional personnel) b. Stage in threshold of doorway 4. Movement in hallways a. Point officer b. Secondary officer 5. Movement in L-shaped rooms a. Two officer method b. Three officer method 6. Team movement inside location (residence) a. Stacking b. Entry c. Team movement d. Communication 7. Multiple breach points a. Blue team, Red team b. Areas of responsibility 8. Multiple teams, single entry a. Designated areas of responsibility b. Crossfire considerations 9. Entry through windows a. Safety consideration with broken glass b. Cover officer c. Use of a ladder

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10. Suspect contact and control a. Simple commands b. One person communication c. Cover officer, handcuffing officer, weapon control 11. Non-combative occupants a. Handcuffing vs. not handcuffing b. Checking for injuries

IV. INDIVIDUAL AND TEAM MOVEMENT 1. Cover and concealment a. Cover (stops bullets) b. Concealment (hides may not stop bullets) c. Use of cover relative to threat potential d. Mobile cover 2 . Team communications a. radios b. hand signals c. other non-verbal 3. Overcoming obstacles a. breaching tools b. bolt cutters c. ladders and steps d. vehicular techniques e. physical assistance techniques (boost, pull, human ladder)

DAY 7 I. PRACTICAL APPLICATION TO MOVEMENT – SEARCH WARRANTS 1. Practical application of team movement to breach point a. Stacking of team at breach point b. Team movement through doorways (open, close, and opposing) 2. Practical application of single room a. Footwork b. Division of room (areas of responsibility) 3. Practical application of multiple rooms a. Use of trailers (additional personnel) b. Stage in threshold of doorway 4. Practical application of hallways a. Point officer

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b. Secondary officer 5. Practical application of L-shaped rooms a. Two officer method b. Three officer method 6. Practical application of entire location (residence) a. Stacking b. Entry c. Team movement d. Communication II. DEBRIEF 1. Team participation during debrief a. Walk through b. Review breach (failure/successes) c. Damage assessment and reporting d. Suspect injuries, if any e. Release of scene to investigators 2. Equipment review (failure/successes) a. Equipment collection b. Personnel withdrawal DAY 8 I. TRAINING OBJECTIVES – BARRICADED SUSPECT 1. Provide advanced tactical training for barricaded suspect response. 2. Provide advanced tactical training for hostage rescue/rapid deployment response. 3. Standardize movement techniques for use during search for barricaded suspects, hostage rescue, and rapid deployment situations. 4. Provide training and familiarization for equipment that may be used during barricaded suspects responses, hostage rescue incidents, and rapid deployment situations. 5. Provide training for weapon familiarization, manipulation, and proficiency for barricaded suspect response and hostage rescue/rapid deployment response. II. OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES – BARRICADED SUSPECT 1. Introduction / Definitions a. Armed suspects who barricade themselves pose extreme danger to community b. They are a special problem for police c. The actions of the first officers on scene can make a difference. d. Barricaded suspects often require advanced tactics and special equipment, as can be provided by SWAT. e. Always remember the four (4) basic safety rules

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2. SWAT Criteria a. Not all suspects who refuse to surrender are considered barricaded b. Suspect is possibly armed c. Suspect is believed to have been involved in criminal act d. Suspect is potential threat to lives of citizens and/or police e. Suspect is in a position of advantage, affording him/her cover and/or concealment, or is contained in an open area and the presence or approach of police officers could precipitate an adverse reaction by the suspect f. The suspect refuses to submit to an arrest 3. The Four C’s a. Containment b. Control c. Communications d. Call SWAT 4. Containment a. All sides must be covered b. Number system of a location c. Ensure proper cover/concealment d. Containment should take position not visible to suspect e. Incident command should be established f. Determine location of suspect g. Request additional personnel as necessary, identify their positions h. Notify communications as to safe route of travel to location 5. Control a. Officers must prevent suspect from having outside contact b. Interview witnesses and/or victims c. Obtain interior diagram if possible d. Request tactical frequency e. Affected area must be isolated from vehicular and pedestrian traffic f. Evacuations when appropriate 6. Communications a. Request SWAT b. Has suspect been asked to surrender? c. What is threat level? d. What crime has occurred? e. Shots fired? By whom? Type of weapon? f. Hostages? g. Crisis Negotiation Team (CNT) notifications 7. Call SWAT a. Obtain all possible information, asking questions regarding children, disabled persons, suspects, weapons, and floor plan. b. Scout the location. Include use of photos (ground, air, and video). c. Analyze the physical layout, such as doors, window, gates, and fences.

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Determine which potential entry points would make best primary (RED) and secondary (BLUE) breach points. d. Recognize potential danger areas especially as they involve the breach point e. Determine breach tools necessary to complete the entry

f. Determine the operation plan including individual assignments, equipment, weapons, logistics, compromise authority, and vehicles

g. Set up PERIMETER team, REACT team and ENTRY team when appropriate h. Cover Officer i. Less Lethal Officer j. Sniper/Observer 8. Remembering 4-Primary Steps a.. Planning b. Briefing c. Initiation d. Critique 9. Planning a. Obtain all possible information, asking questions regarding children, disabled

persons, suspects, weapons, and floor plan. b. Scout the location. Include use of photos (ground, air, and video). c. Analyze the physical layout, such as doors, windows, gates, and fences. Determine which potential entry points would make best primary (RED) and secondary (BLUE) breach points. d. Determine other equipment needs for operational plan, including door stops, poles, ballistic shields, breaching tools, mirrors, nylon cords, flashlights and high-intensity lights 10. Briefing a. Determine the operation plan including individual assignments, equipment, weapons, logistics, compromise authority, and vehicles b. Medical brief regarding nearest hospital, trauma center, transport vehicle c. Conduct rehearsal when appropriate, including officer positions, equipment usage, equipment removal, cover officers and/or perimeter or containment officers d. Determine chemical agent availability and operational plan for its use 11. Initiate a. Entry team b. Containment team c. Gas/chemical agent team d. Cover Entry e. Hand and arm signals f. Team Leader directs movement g “PIE” method of entry h. “Button-hook” method of entry i. “Cross-over” method of entry j. Slow/Deliberate search technique k. Doors – Closed doors vs. Open doors l. Movement through hallways m. Contacting suspects

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n. Call out procedures and movement o. Non-compliance procedures p. Officer down drill 12. Debrief a. Post operation critique b. Report for file including team assignments, damage assessment if necessary,

and tactical review for training/equipment needs. III. BARRICADED SUSPECT 1. PRACTICAL APPLICATION a. Deployment of target location b. Intelligence/information gathering c. Containment team deployment d. Sniper team integration e. Emergency React Team f. Deliberate assault plan g. Use of mirrors or cameras h. Contact/call-out procedures for suspects i. Control and custody barricade suspect

IV. ACTIVE SHOOTER/RAPID DEPLOYMENT 1. Rapid Deployment Overview a. Rapid deployment defined versus barricaded suspect criteria b. Discussion of previous active shooter incidents c. Lessons learned 2. When to use tactics a. Aggressive deadly behavior b. Citizen/Officer rescue 3. Initial Responder a. Assess situation – are rapid deployment tactics necessary? b. Establish incident command and request appropriate resources 4. Components Contact and Rescue Teams a. Minimum of 4 officers b. Team leader, right and left flank, rear guard c. If suspect’s deadly behavior is on going, the entry team will exercise techniques that will include loud and clear voice commands

d. If the activity has ceased and the suspect’s location is not known, then quiet, more methodical clearing methods will be used.

5. Contact Team a. Priority is to make contact with the suspect/stop deadly behavior

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b. Stop deadly behavior c. Move with 360 coverage d. Limits suspect’s movements e. Prevent escape f. Continue past victims and explosives g. Communicate progress to other responders h. Provide preliminary assessment 6. Contact Team Movement a. Open door/closed door b. Hallway movement c. Stairwell movement d. Elevator use 7. Rescue Team a. Priority is rescue and recovery of victims b. Identify suspect’s location if possible c. Enter location to find victims d. Extract victim to a safe location e. Notify medical personnel if necessary f. Multiple victims, expand team g. Coordinate actions with rescue team and responding units 8. What to expect a. Carnage; possible very young b. Noise from alarms, screaming people, etc. c. People confused, dazed, hiding or fleeing, not responding to command d. Fire and sprinkler operations e. Explosives f. Gunfire 9. Use of Deadly Force a. Cover fire b. Worst case scenario c. Directed at target specific threat d. Police response tactics must not place citizens at greater risk e. Utilized to stop or prevent deadly behavior V. Contact Team Practical application

1. Formation and Movement a. 4-officer diamond formation b. Point, right/left flank positions, rear guard c. Designate a team leader d. Practice team movement, communications 2. 5-officer diamond formation a. Point, right/left flank positions, rear guard, team leader b. Practice team movement, communications

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3. Open doors a. Right/left flank stack same side, before the open door, enter into room b. Practice footwork, straight in, buttonhook 4. Closed door a. Right/left flank, stack on opposite sides of the door b. Officer on doorknob side opens door, cover officer enters first 5. Direction change a. Officer responsibilities may change b. Suspect at rear, rear guard now becomes the point officer c. Suspect at right, right flank now becomes point d. The point officer should always have a right flank, left flank and rear guard VI. Rescue Team Practical Application 1. 4-officer diamond formation a. Point, right/left flank, rear guard b. Designate team leader c. Practice team movement, communications 2. 5-officer diamond formation a. Point, right/left flank, rear guard, team leader b. Practice team movement, communications 3. Active Shooter Role Player a. Proper safety equipment b. Safety considerations of the deployment of a blank gun 4. 5-officer contact team searches for active shooter in office building a. Active shooter uses blank ammunition, moves throughout building, contact team searches for suspect b. When suspect’s location is not known, a quiet, methodical search method is used c. When suspect’s location is known, officers move directly to stop the threat 5. Rescue Team a. Team enters building, rescues downed officer/citizens b. Flanking officers carry downed officers; point and rear guard provide cover Day 9

I. Mobile Assault Overview 1. Tactical consideration a. Sniper team roles b. Emergency React team

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c. Deliberate assault d. Breaching tools e. NFDD (Noise Flash Diversion Device) 2. Sedan assault a. Vehicle position b. Tinted windows c. Suspects location 3. Van assault a. Type of van b. How many doors, windows c. How many occupants d. Officer ratio to suspect ratio 4. Bus/large vehicle assault a. Intelligence information b. Special equipment 1. Ladders 2. Breaching equipment 5. Special equipment consideration a. Ladders b. Breaching equipment c. Safety equipment 1. Helmet

2. Gloves 3. Goggles 4. Vest 5. Hearing protection

6. Approach and tactical response a. Sniper cover b. Team movement c. Team Leader will direct the use of NFDD d. Cover officer and rescue officer II. Mobile Assault Practical Application 1. Live Fire vehicle assault from the rear a. Team formation b. Deployment of NFDD (Noise flash diversion device) c. Take suspect into custody

2. Live fire vehicle assault from side a. Team formation b. Deployment of NFDD (Noise flash diversion device) c. Take suspect into custody

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III. Use of Ballistic Shields 1. Rifle Shield / Handgun Shield a. Proper carry b. Cover officer c. Two shields, 2, 3 and 4 officers team d. Live fire with shields e. Capabilities of each shield IV. Psychological Consideration 1. Post traumatic stress disorder a. Critical Incident b. Signs and symptoms c. Treatment 2. Post trauma stress/stress management 3. Mental conditioning for confrontations

Day 10

1. OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES HOSTAGE RESCUE 1. Hostage rescue a. Establish a Tactical Operations Center (TOC) b. Establish a Negotiations Operations Center (NOC) 2. Intelligence a. Location b. Suspect description c. History d. Weapons e. Number of hostages f. Communication sources 3. Planning a. Containment b. Emergency React team c. Deliberate assault 4. Movement / Rescue a. Controlled speed b. Diversion c. Surprise

II. PRACTICAL APPLICATION – HOSTAGE RESCUE (Live fire with NFD)

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1. Suspect Location a. Identification of target location b. Intelligence/information gathering c. Containment team deployment d. Sniper team integration 2. Team Movement a. Emergency react team (and plan) b. Deliberate assault team (and plan) c. Breach points (doors and windows) d. Use of noise/flash diversion device e. Stealth probe contact f. Team movement during stealth or emergency assault g. Officers down procedures 3. Covered Pile

a. Team movement b. Team member responsibilities c. Suspect handling d. Hostage handling procedures

4. Debrief of operation a. All team members participate b. Open and honest dialog c. Debrief should be about tactics 1. Positive feedback 2. Negative feedback

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APPENDIX A

1. Reality-based exercises Narcotic search warrant utilizing one team leader and five team members as an entry element. Participants will encounter the following scenarios: A. Search warrant service at single family residence which is unoccupied (focused on team movement, situational awareness, movement techniques, angles and clearing. B. Search warrant service single family residence utilizing one-team leader and five-team members as an entry element. Also two unarmed role players acting the part of suspect (focused on the above techniques as well as suspect and officer interaction, commands, and arrest techniques). C. Search warrant service at single family residence utilizing two team leaders and ten team members and three role players one of which will be armed with simmunitions and attempt to engage entry team (focused on the above techniques as well as target identification, use of return fire and accuracy). Multiple points of entry will be utilized, including a breach and delay, as a secondary entry point. The scenario instructor will provide

information to the two teams which entry point would be used. Focus on the above techniques will include perimeter assessment and control as well as possible officer down- rescue and use of trailers through a secondary entry point.

Barricade suspect scenario utilizing one team leader and five team members as an entry and search element. A. Barricade suspect scenario in a single family residence where team methodically searches the location utilizing mirrors, hand signals, and stealth entry techniques. No suspect present. B. Barricade suspect scenario in a single family residence where team methodically searches the location utilizing stealth entry and search techniques along with mirrors, and if properly executed will locate a concealed suspect. Hostage rescue scenario utilizing one team leader and five team members as an entry/ contact element.

A. Hostage rescue scenario with one or two suspect role players and one or two hostage role players. The entry/contact team will encounter hostage taker and hostage and will demonstrate movement, verbal skills, and room domination to successfully complete this scenario.

B. Hostage rescue scenario with one or two suspect role players and one or two hostage role players. The entry/contact team will encounter hostage taker and hostage and will

demonstrate movement, verbal skills, and room domination, as well as target identification and accuracy when forced to engage suspect with simmunition training weapons.

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These exercises will take place during the practical application phase of training.

Burbank P.D. Outline

COURSE TITLE: BASIC SWAT COURSE – 80 HOURS Shooting skills with weapons specific to the SWAT/Tactical assignment. In addition become proficient with tactics that are unique to the SWAT mission (Barricaded Subjects, Covert Tactics, and Warrant Service). COURSE GOAL: This training has been designed to strengthen the officers’ ability to select and implement the appropriate tactic in a crisis situation where immediate tactical intervention is required. AUDIENCE: Sworn Peace Officers who are assigned to a SWAT/Tactical Team.

COURSE OBJECTIVES Under the supervision of an instructor, using lectures, demonstration and learning activities including practical application the students will:

I. Demonstrate an understanding of the Four Rules of Safe Weapons Handling.

II. Demonstrate the ability to properly fire, load, and unloading, and clearing a malfunctions that may occur

to a firearm.

III. Demonstrate proficiency and achieve agency tactical qualifications with all SWAT/Tactical weapons.

IV. Identify the appropriate equipment necessary to conduct a safe and successful tactical situation.

V. Work as a team to develop a plan for entering a structure, searching a room and contacting suspects and/or hostages.

VI. Communicate by using standard hand signals and terminology.

VII. Successfully use all search methods, mirror, non-dynamic and dynamic entries.

VIII. Identify the proper time to use force and articulate the reasonableness of their actions.

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EXPANDED COURSE OUTLINE I. SWAT Project and Guidelines

A. Penal Code Section 13514.1 B. Recommendations from recent laws and contemporary thinking concerning SWAT

operations. II. Historical Perspective of the SWAT Concept A. Origin B. Training III. Performance Evaluation of Team Members

A. Selection Process B. Physical Fitness Standards

IV. Policy Issues A. Legal Issues / Civil Liability B. Use of Force 1. Reasonable Force 2. Fourth Amendment 3. Use of Less Lethal Force 4. Documenting the Use of Force C. Mutual Aid Procedures D. SWAT Policy and Procedures E. Importance of Correct Terminology V. Basic SWAT Concepts A. Common SWAT response B. Incident Command 1. Incident Commander 2. Tactical Commander C. Supervision of the SWAT Team 1. Tactical OIC 2. Tactics Supervisor 3. Crisis Negations (CNT) Supervisor 4. Team/Element Leader D. SWAT Activation Criteria E. Warrant Service Criteria F. Team Composition and Duties VI. Psychological Considerations

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A. Post-Trauma Stress 1. Definition 2. Handling a stressful incident

B. Stress Management 1. Signs 2. Symptoms

C. Mental Conditioning for Confrontations 1. Preparing for the incident 2. Staying mentally prepared 3. Analyzing 4. Prevention – Post Incident

VII. Physical Considerations

A. Fitness Standards for SWAT Team Members B. Lifetime Fitness Recommendations C. Physical training for SWAT team members D. Emergency Medical Procedures

1. Emergency Medical Technicians (EMT’s) 2. Tactical Paramedic’s

VIII. Overview of Individual and Team Equipment A. Uniform Equipment 1. Necessary SWAT personnel equipment B. Weapons and Firearms Training 1. Pistols 2. Shoulder Weapons 3. Qualification Courses 4. Stress courses C. Communication Devices D. Support Equipment and Technology IX. Operational Planning

A. Importance of planning B. Structured planning format C. Containment D. Intelligence gathering 1. First Responders 2. Victims, Witnesses, etc. 3. Scouting mission E. Pre-Event Planning F. Contemporaneous planning G. Implementation / Initiation and Resolution H. Incident Debrief

X. Overview of Specialized SWAT Functions

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A. Canines B. Airborne 1. Incident over watch 2. Team movement C. Crisis Negotiations Team (CNT) 1. Centralized method 2. De-Centralized method D. Explosive Breaching E. Long Rifle / Observer F. Rescue operations 1. Hostage Rescue (HRT) 2. Active Shooter / Downed Citizen-Officer

XI. Command Post Operations A. Field Command Post B. Tactical Operations Center (TOC) 1. TOC-OIC 2. Sniper TOC 3. Crisis Negotiations C. Media Considerations

XII. Firearms Training –Handgun (Practical Application) A. Safety Guidelines for Student to Instructor Ratios:

1. During the classroom and demonstration portion of the course, there is no requirement for a specific student to instructor ratio. 2. During live-fire drills, exercises practice, and qualification, a ratio of at least one instructor per five students will be maintained. B. General Rules

1. All guns are always loaded: no exceptions. Do not pretend that this is true; be deadly serious about it. 2. Never allow the muzzle to cover anything you are not willing to destroy. 3. Keep your finger off the trigger until your sights are aligned on the target and you intend to shoot.

4. Be sure of your target. Know what it is, what is in line with it, and what is behind it. Never shoot at anything you are not willing to destroy.

NOTE: It must be stressed that these four general safety rules are not designed for range use only. They are designed for anyone who uses firearms, particularly in field situations.

C. Five-count Handgun Presentation D. Handgun Manipulation 1. Loading/Unloading 3. Chamber check 4. Tactical reload 5. Speed reload

E. Basic Combat Drills

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1. Engaging silhouette targets from 10 to 3 yards. All shooting will be done firing pairs and failure drills will be practiced a 3, 5, 7, and 10 yards. 2. Class One, Two and Three Malfunction - Emphasis will be on proper clearing, trigger control and proper assessment when the induced malfunction occurs. 3. Close Contact Drills - Stationary, shuffle forward and shuffle rear. 4. Shooting while moving toward the targets. This skill is essential to crisis entry operations. Emphasis is placed on accuracy, balance, coordination, technique, and aggressiveness. F. Multiple Adversaries – Box Drills 1. Multiple targets will be engaged while the shooters are moving toward the targets. H. Basic Drills - oblique shooting. I. Handgun Manipulation Test J. Qualification Course - Qualifying score must be achieved in order to continue the training.

XIII. Firearms Training –Shoulder-Fired Weapons (Practical Application) A. Safety Guidelines for Student to Instructor Ratios:

1. During the classroom and demonstration portion of the course, there is no requirement for a specific student to instructor ratio. 2. During live-fire drills, exercises practice, and qualification, a ratio of at least one instructor per five students will be maintained. B. General Rules

1. All guns are always loaded: no exceptions. Do not pretend that this is true; be deadly serious about it. 2. Never allow the muzzle to cover anything you are not willing to destroy. 3. Keep your finger off the trigger until your sights are aligned on the target and you intend to shoot.

4. Be sure of your target. Know what it is, what is in line with it, and what is behind it. Never shoot at anything you are not willing to destroy.

NOTE: It must be stressed that these four general safety rules are not designed for range use only. They are designed for anyone who uses firearms, particularly in field situations.

D. Overview, History and Operation. 1. Grip - Hand placement - Fore stock - Shooting grip - Trigger finger placement -

Elbows. 2. Stance 3. Sighting (all sight system) 4. Trigger Control 5. Low Ready 6. Loading - Chamber check removing magazine - Unloading - Visual and physical

inspection of the chamber, reloading. 7. Tactical Reload 8. Speed Reload

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9. Transition Drills E. Range - 25 Yards (semi-auto)

1. Manipulation loading/unloading dry practice. 2. Off Hand - 25 yards -- Pairs, semi-auto. 3. Off Hand - 15 yards -- Singles, semi-auto. 4. Unbraced speed kneel - 15 yards Singles, semi-auto. 5. 5 yards - Start with single press on full automatic (F/A) to develop trigger control (full

magazine). 6. 7 yards - Two round bursts, body shots only, F/A 3-times. 7. 5 yards - Two round bursts, body shots only, F/A 3-times. 8. 5 yards - Failure Drills, F/A 3-times. 9. 3 yards - Failure Drills, F/A 3-times. 10. Transition drills – Shooting on the move, 10 – 3 yards. 11. Close contact drills - Starting at low ready Stationary, Shuffle forward and back. 12. Shooting on the move, 7 – 3 yards, while moving straight. 13. Shooting on the move, 7 – 3 yards, while moving towards the target at oblique angles.

F. Gas Mask Drills 1. Stationary 5 yards – Failure drill. 2. Shooting on the move 7-3 yards – Failure drill. 3. Shooting on the move 5-3 yards – Failure drill.

G. Qualification Course 1. Basic drills – 10, 7, 5, and 3-yard lines. 2. Shooting on the move drills. 3. Multiple target drills. 4. Stress course – Man against man shoot incorporating transition drills with the pistol. H. Qualification Course – Qualifying score must be achieved in order to

continue the training. XIV. Individual and Team Movement

A. Cover and Concealment B. Team Communications 1. Numbering sides C. Overcoming obstacles

XV. Basic Entry and Search Techniques A. Open Area Searches B. Barricaded Subject 1. Patrol responsibility 2. SWAT responsibility C. Stealth Entry Techniques 1. Breach and delay 2. Individual responsibilities 3. Mirror techniques 4. Room clearing 5. Subject apprehension 6. Non-Compliance

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7. Debrief D. Practical Application 1. Reality-based exercises

XVI. Chemical Agents/Less Lethal Munitions in SWAT Operations A. Overview of Chemical Agents 1. Type of agents 2. Type of delivery systems B. Less Lethal Munitions 1. Types of munitions 2. Types of delivery systems C. Practical Application

XVII. Warrant Service Tactics A. Categorizing Warrants B. Types of Service C. Planning 1. Doors 2. Windows D. Entry Points E. Entry Methods 1. Manual / Mechanical breaching 2. Bar-Pulls 3. Explosive F. Warrant Briefing 1. Paint a picture 2. Power point presentation (if available) G. Initiation 1. Entry Team 2. Break and Rake Teams 3. Contacting Suspects H. Surround and Call-Out Felony Warrants 1. Non-Dynamic clearing methods I. Dynamic Entry Tactics - Movement J. Debrief K. Practical Application 1. Table top exercises 2. Reality-based exercises

XVIII. Diversionary Devices

A. Overview of Diversionary Devices 1. Safety 2. Proper handling 3. Proper deployment B. Practical Application

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