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Basin-Wide Rapid Sustainability Assessment Tool
Initiative on Sustainable Hydropower Mekong River Commission Secretariat
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Presentation by Mr. Voradeth Phonekeo,
WHAT IS THE BASIN-WIDE RAPID SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT TOOL (RSAT) ?
A multi-stakeholder dialogue and assessment tool to consider hydropower sustainability issues in a basin wide context.
• Rapid
• Stakeholders conduct the assessment
• Action orientated
• The sub-basin is assessed, not the hydropower project
Existing dam
Proposed dam
Water Week, Stockholm September 2013
Why a basin wide hydropower sustainability assessment tool ?
• Mekong context: dynamic development of multiple projects at different stages in a basin
• Need for a rapid tool to address basin wide issues, beyond individual projects
• Provide a basis for dialogue – develop common language and understanding of issues between key stakeholders
• To support the MRC Basin Development Strategy strategic objectives
• Complement existing more data intensive tools (SEA, CIA, EIA, IHA Protocol)
Water Week, Stockholm September 2013
• Addressing sustainability pillars
• World Commission Dams (2000)
• Research in hydropower sector internationally
• International standards – sustainability
• IWRM Principles
• Hydropower Sustainability Assessment Protocol
• Safeguard policies – ADB, World Bank, IFC
• Experiences in the Mekong Region
• MRC Technical Review Group (TRG) Input
• MRC Member country and expert feedback (trials)
Background of RSAT :
Designed for the Mekong context
Governance Social Economic Environmental Technical
RSAT PRINCIPLES
What are the core principles of the RSAT?
• Co-operation in international river basins
• Integrating river basin planning and hydropower regulatory and management frameworks
• Ensuring robust governance for sustainability at all levels
• Using collaborative and multi-disciplinary approaches to options assessment, hydropower scheme design and operation
• Engaging and consulting stakeholders and protecting rights and entitlements
• Equitably sharing costs and benefits of development
• Addressing poverty and food security in hydropower basins
• Maintaining basin wide ecosystem integrity 6
SUMMARY
The RSAT process brings together river basin and hydropower stakeholders to consider the sub-basin using a series of 10 hydropower sustainability topics from the perspective of:
• River basin planning and management
• Energy planning
• Hydropower projects
• Regulatory and governance 7
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Topic 1 Institutional setting Topic 2 Options assessment, siting and design Topic 3 Financial and economic viability of hydropower Topic 4 Equitable sharing of hydropower costs and benefits Topic 5 Social issues and stakeholder consultation Topic 6 Environmental management and ecosystem integrity Topic 7 Flows and reservoir management Topic 8 Erosion, sediment transport and geomorphological impacts Topic 9 Management of fisheries resources Topic 10 Dam and community safety
10 RSAT TOPICS
River basin planning and management –Planning, management, basin wide baseline data, institutions
Energy planning – Power sector planning and it relationship to river basin planning
Hydropower projects –Plans, studies and management actions of all hydropower projects in the basin
Regulatory and governance – Regulatory and institutional framework for hydropower development and water resources
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Four criteria are used to analyse the RSAT topics
10
RSAT
Dialogue
Analysis
Action
Planning
Monitoring
Government Line
Agencies/Ministries
Scoping –
Performance monitoring
Gap analysis
Basin/cascade optimisation
Hydropower developers and
their consultants
Risk assessment
Design and siting
Sustainability optimisation
Stakeholder engagement
and dialogue
Mekong River Commission
Initiative for Sustainable
Hydropower capacity
building and decision
support
River Basin Organisations (RBO’s)
Support RBO establishment and
management
Capacity building
Basin hydropower status reports
River basin planning and
management for hydropower
Banks and investors
Financial and reputational
risk assessment
Investment risk evaluation
Provincial and local institutions and
community groups
Identify local and provincial
hydropower risks and opportunities
Assess benefit sharing
arrangements
Improve local capacity for
sustainable development
Examples of how
different
stakeholders can
use the RSAT
Water Week, Stockholm September 2013
RSAT Trials 2010-11 • Nam Ngum – Lao PDR • Nam Ou - Lao PDR • Sre Pok Lower - Cambodia • Sre Pok Upper - Vietnam • Nam Kam – Thailand • 3S Basin - transboundary
3S Basin
(transboundary)
Sre Pok
Upper and
Lower
Nam Kam
Nam Ngum
Nam Ou
EXAMPLES OF RSAT RECOMMENDATIONS from Training in 2011
• Develop EIA guidelines and checklists hydropower
• Improve IWRM capacity and knowledge
• Economic evaluation of indirect costs
• Baseline data on river morphology and water quality
• Improve co-ordination between ministries
• Develop standards for sediment management
• Policy framework and regs required for benefit sharing
• Build co-operation at national and transboundary level
• Develop capacity building plan for sustainable hydropower
• Establish formal mechanisms for conflict resolution and information sharing
• Integrate fisheries management and hydropower into IWRM
• Develop warning system for water releases
• Develop dam safety monitoring framework
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Case study: Lower Sre Pok
Water Week, Stockholm September 2013
Examples of RSAT assessment objectives
Stakeholders agree on assessment objectives
Methods and participants are chosen to match the objective
Examples:
– Dialogue between stakeholders
– Scope more detailed studies (CIA, SEA)
– Watershed management planning
– Assessment of basin wide risks and opportunities
– Prioritise actions for RBO’s
– Capacity building and training
– Monitor performance and identify gaps
NEXT STEPS: • Explore an RSAT version Trans Boundary based
on Feedbacks from previous workshops.
• Trial in workshops in MRC member states
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Electricity demand
market assessment
resource assessment
Power
Development Plan
Data base of power
options,
Other Sector inputs
Screening Analysis
Economic Analysis
SEA, CIA
Refinement of Hydropower
Project Portfolio (ESIA,
cascades, multipurpose use)
Project Selection and
Approval Process
Construction &
Operations (EMP,
SMP, RMP)
ISH02 Multi purpose Valuation
ISH02 Valuation and Evaluation ISH01 Ecologically Sensitive Sub-Basins
ISH01 Ecologically Sensitive Sub-Basins
ISH01 Ecologically Sensitive Sub-Basins
ISH02 Valuation & Evaluation
Contribution of ISH Outputs to the Hydropower Planning Cycle
RSAT
RSAT
RSAT
RSAT ISH0306 Risks
and Mitigation
ISH0306 Risks and
Mitigation
ISH0306 Risks and
Mitigation
ISH0306 Risks and
Mitigation
ISH11 Information for HP Planning and Management
Not legally binding but serving as a guidance for national application
Mekong Basin wide application
Guiding Principles for Sustainable Hydropower
General Principles Strategic Planning
Guides
Preliminary Design Guidelines for
Mainstream Dams
Risk Mitigation Guidelines for
Mainstream and Tributary
Hydropower
Joint Cascade Operations and
Community Safety
Cooperation on International River Basins
Robust Governance at all levels
Base line data informs decisions [ISH11]
Multidisciplinary approach
Engage stakeholders – protect rights and entitlements
Equitable share benefits and costs
Address Poverty and Food Security
Maintain Basin wide ecosystem integrity
• Planning around
Ecologically Sensitive areas (ISH01)
• Multi-purpose evaluation of HP portfolios (ISH02)
• Navigation • Fish Passage • Sediment Transport and
River Morphology • Water Quality and
Aquatic Ecology • Safety of Dams
General Mitigation • Alternative Design
options • Fish • Sediment and River
Morphology • Water Quality • Biodiversity • Operational Flexibility
• Cooperation on
transboundary basins • Joint operations for
cascades • Emergency Response
and Community Safety
Mekong Agreement 1995
Hydropower Sustainability Dialogue and Assessment (Rapid Basin-wide Hydropower Sustainability Assessment Tool (RSAT))
Thank you for your attention