Basketball

Connor McRae

The Inventor

Basketb

all

In 1891 Dr James Naismith (1861-1939) , a YMCA instructor in Springfield invented Basketball.

James Naismith was the Canadian physical education instructor. James Naismith was born in Almonte, Ontario and attended McGill University and Presbyterian College in Montreal.

Naismith was faced with the problem of finding a sport that was capable for the students to play inside during the Massachusetts winter at Christian Workers. Naismith wanted to create a game of skill for the students instead of one that relied on strength. He needed a game that could be played indoors in a small space. The first game was played with a soccer ball and two peach baskets used as goals. Naismith joined the University of Kansas faculty in 1898, teaching physical education and being a chaplain.

History Timeline

1891 Basketball is

invented by Dr. James

Naismith, an instructor at a

YMCA in Springfield,

Massachusetts

.

1895 Backboards are added to prevent fans interfering with play ( baskets were hung off peoples balconies ).

1898 The first professional league is formed, the National Basketball League is formed in New Jersey

and Pennsylvania

1908 The dribbler is permitted to shoot the

ball and the NCAA eliminates the double

dribble

189

1

1920 Players are allowed to re-

enter the game.

1925 The first major professional league is formed, the American

Basketball Association(The ABL is the first league to sign players to exclusive

contracts and it's teams are located in many of the

major cities in the country)

1930 Professional leagues eliminate the double dribble

Continued on next slide

1950 The NBA begins racial integration when Earl Loyd, Nat

Clifton and Chuck Cooper

join the league.

193

1

1931 The American Basketball

Association disbands

1932 The midcourt line is introduced to eliminate

stalling

1937 The middle jump

ball is eliminated after every

score

1937 The National Basketball League is formed. (The Atlanta

Hawks, Detroit Pistons, Los Angeles Lakers, Philadelphia

76ers and Sacramento Kings can all trace their

heritage back to the NBL, and the league

featured many future NBA stars such as George

Mikan, Jim Pollard, Dolph Schayes, Bob

Davies and Red Holzman

1946 The Basketball Association of America, a forerunner of the NBA is

formed. (Three of the league's original 11 franchises are still playing today- the New York

Knickerbockers, Boston Celtics and Philadelphia

1949 The BAA merges with the

National Basketball League to form the National Basketball

Association

1954 The NBA

introduces the shot clock to curtail stalling tactics.

Continued on next slide

196

0

1960 The Minneapolis become the first team to move to the West

Coast as they become the Los Angeles

Lakers

1961 The rival American Basketball League begins play and introduces the three-point shot.

1962 The ABL

disbands

1967 A rival to the NBA, the American Basketball

Association is formed. (The ABA would go on to develop some of the most exciting players in pro basketball,

including Julius Erving and George Gervin)

1976 The NBA expands to include the ABA's surviving

franchises. (the Denver Nuggets, Indiana Pacers,

New York Nets and San Antonio Spurs)

1992 Professional basketball players are allowed in the

Olympics and the "Dream Team" (featuring Michael Jordan, Larry Bird and Magic Johnson) is born.

Rules of BasketballBasketball is a team sport. Two teams of five players each try to score by shooting a ball through a hoop elevated 3.01m above the ground. The game is played on a rectangular floor called the court, and there is a hoop at each end. The court is divided into two main areas by the mid-court line. If the offensive team puts the ball into play behind the mid-court line, it has ten seconds to get the ball over the mid-court line. If it doesn't, then the defense gets the ball. Once the offensive team gets the ball over the mid-court line, it can no longer have possession of the ball in the area in back of the line. If it does, the defense is given the ball.

The ball is moved down the court toward the basket by passing or dribbling. The team with the ball is called the offense. The team without the ball is called the defense. They try to steal the ball, contest shots, deflect passes and shots, and collect rebounds.

When a team scores a basket, they score two points and the ball goes to the other team. If a basket, is made outside of the three-point line, then that basket is worth three points. A free throw is worth one point. Free throws are awarded to a team according to the number and type of fouls that are committed.

FoulsPersonal fouls: Personal fouls include any type of illegal physical contact.•Hitting• Pushing• Slapping•Holding •Illegal screen

Personal foul penalties: If a player is shooting while being fouled, then they get two free throws if the shot doesn't go in, but only one free throw if it does go in.

Charging. An offensive foul that is committed when a player pushes or runs over a defensive player. The ball is given to the team that the foul was committed upon.

Blocking. Blocking is illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not establishing position in time to prevent an opponent's drive to the basket.

Flagrant foul. Violent contact with an opponent. This includes hitting, kicking, and punching. This type of foul results in free throws plus the offense retaining possession of the ball after the free throws.

Intentional foul. When a player makes physical contact with another player with no reasonable effort to steal the ball. It is a judgment call for the officials.

Technical foul. Technical foul. A player or a coach can commit this type of foul. It does not involve player contact or the ball but is instead about the 'manners' of the game. Foul language, obscenity, obscene gestures, and even arguing can be considered a technical foul.

Travelling. Taking more than 'a step and a half' without dribbling the ball is travelling. Moving your pivot foot once you've stopped dribbling is travelling.

Carrying. When a player dribbles the ball with their hand too far to the side of or even under the ball.

Double Dribble. Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the same time or picking up the ball and then dribbling again is a double dribble.

Jump ball. This occurs when two or more opposing players gain possession of the ball at the same time.

Goal tending. When a defensive player interferes with the offense’s shot as its is coming down towards the basket. Once the ball has touched the basket or backboard the players can steal the ball from the rim. If this occurs two points are awarded to the offense.

Cross court violation. Once the offense has brought the ball across the mid-court line, they cannot go back across the line during possession.

Time restrictions. A player passing the ball inbounds has five seconds to pass the ball. If he does not, then the ball is awarded to the other team.

Violations

Positions

Center: Usually the tallest player on the team. Should be able to post up offensively — that is, receive the ball with his back to the basket and use pivot moves to hit a variety of short jump shots, hook shots, and dunks. Also must know how to find the open player in the paint and grab offensive rebounds.

Power Forward: Has muscles or at least a little strength. Must be able to catch passes and hit shots near the basket. A good, rugged rebounder, but athletic enough to move with some quickness around the lane on offense and defense. Expected to score when given the opportunity on the baseline, much like a center, but usually has a range of up to 15 feet all around the basket.

Small Forward: The all-purpose player on offense: aggressive and strong; tall enough to mix it up inside but agile enough to handle the ball and shoot well. Must be able to score both from the perimeter and from inside.

Shooting Guard: Generally taller than a point guard but shorter than a small forward. Not necessarily a great ball handler, but normally the team's best perimeter shooter. A good shooting guard (or two guard) comes off screens set by taller teammates prepared to shoot, pass, or drive to the basket. Also tries to grab rebounds on offense.

Point Guard: Usually the shortest player on the team. Should be the team's best passer and ball handler; not primarily a shooter. Traditional role is to push the ball up court and start the offensive wheels turning. Should either take the ball to the basket or remain near the top of the key, ready to

retreat on defense.

Court LayoutSideline

Base Line

Half Way Line

Three Point Line

Jump Ball Line

Hoop

The Key or Paint

Free Throw line

A game of basketball is played on a basketball court. Indoor courts usually are made of wood often mapple which is polished regularly .Outdoor courts are usually made of concrete.

Wheelchair BasketballWheelchair basketball is considered one o0f the major disabled sports in the world. It is estimated that more than 100 thousand people play wheelchair basketball in the world. Wheelchair basketball is included in the Paralympic Games which are held every four years for athletes with physical disabilities.It is played on a standard sized basketball court with standard height baskets.. Players are allowed two pushes of their wheels before they pass, dribble, or shoot the ball.

NBAThe NBA (the National Basketball Association) is the professional league in the United States of America .There are 30 teams in the league such as the Miami Heat, Oklahoma Thunder , LA Lakers and the New York Knicks.

The Teams are spilt over counties and states. Some teams have larger areas than others that is because they may not have as greater population as teams on the coast like the Heat and Celtics.

NBL

The NBL ( National Basketball League) is the Australian counter part of the NBA. There are 8 Australian teams such as the Melbourne Tigers, Gold Coast Blaze, Perth Wildcats .There is also one New Zealand team in the league.

There are many different leagues around the world like the BBA ( British Basketball Association).

Oklahoma City Thunder

The Oklahoma City Thunder are a team in the NBA that represent the Oklahoma City area. This team has some star players such as Kevin Durrant and James Hardener (NBA All-stars) and Russel Westbrook point-guard for the thunder. This is the team I follow because of star small forward Kevin Durrant.

Miami HeatThe Miami Heat is a star studded team that represents the Miami Area in the South East of the USA. This team has some of the best players in the current professional league such as Chris Bosh , LaBron James and Dwayne Wade who are also called The Three Kings. Because of these players along with others this is a very strong team.

Los Angeles LakersThe LA (Los Angeles) Lakers are a popular team because of their star player Kobe Bryant. He has created a very popular team because of his popularity and fame every kid wants to grow up and be like Kobe. This team alo0ng with Kobe is fan favourite and will always have the stadium booked out.

Gold Coast BlazeThe Gold Coast Blaze are a team of talented players and strong players who complement each other in game situations. Rather than a team with one or two stand out players the Blaze have a team of talented individuals. The Blaze are one of few teams that visit Tamworth and play pre-season here.

Sydney KingsThe Sydney Kings are a team that play in the NBL that represent the Sydney region. This team is getting players going to the USA to play in the NBA and has players from the USA coming back to play in their of season .Bruce ,Henery, Maddgen and Lazare are some of this teams star players.

Favourite PlayerPlayer: Kevin DurrantDate of Birth: September 29th 1988College: TexasNational Team Played for: USAYears Pro: 5Salary: 17.83 million USD per yearPosition: Small ForwardHeight: 6.9ft or 2.06mWeight: 106.6kgTeam: Oklahoma City Thunder

Michael JordanMichael Jeffrey Jordan, also known by his initials, MJ, is an American former professional basketball player and perhaps one of the greatest basketballers of all time. He was born on February 17, 1963, in Brooklyn, New York. and dominated the sport from the mid-1980s to the late 1990s .He led the Bulls to six national championships and earned the NBA Most Valuable Player Award five times.

Michael Jordan is recognized for having brought a new level of excitement to the game of basket ball and reinvented the way basketball is played.

Jordan experienced many great highs in his career and with those great highs came great lows. His most difficult time was when his father was murdered. He retired from basketball and start playing baseball. However a year later he returned to the sport he loved and brought the Chicago Bulls out of their one year slump.This determination and competitive nature continues to inspire the next generation of basketball players all around the world.

“You have to expect things of yourself before you can do them.“ – Michael Jordan.

BOOMERSThe Australian national basketball team is the men's basketball side that represents Australia in international competitions. The team is known in Australia as the Boomers, Australia is ranked 10th in the world and finished 7th at the 2012 London Olympics Games. The 2012 team included David Anderson, David Barlow, Aron Baynes, Peter Crawford, Matthew Dellavedova, Adam Gibson, Joe Ingles, Aleks Maric, Patrick Mills and Brad Newley. My favourite Australian basketballer is Aron Baynes.

USA

The USA Basketball Men's Senior National Team,[commonly known as the United States men's national basketball team or “ The Dream Team "represents the United States of America in international men's basketball. The USA is the most successful team in international competition. It has won medals in all seventeen of the Olympic games it has entered with 14 of these being gold medals.The most recent display of the Dream Team’s world domination was at the 2012 London Olympics where they once again won the gold medal.

My BasketballI began playing basketball when I was in year 1 in in the local Qurindi Infants competition. It was by far my favourite sport and I continued playing it in Quirindi until my family moved to Tamworth when I was in year 3.When I was in year 4 I joined Tamworth representative basketball as a player in the under 12 Thunderbolts team. I have continued to play both school and representative basketball in Tamworth and would have to say that it is still my all time favourite sport.

Basketball History: Dr. James Naismith - Kansas Heritage Group

Bibliog

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y

breakthroughbasketball.com

Dummies.com understanding-player-positions-in-basketball

NBL.com.au

Basketballhistory.com

Basketball Australia: www.basketball.net.au