bba part1 1n
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Man and EnvironmentAsst. Dr. Nantana Gajaseni
BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)
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What is environment?
Q. What is environment?A. It depends!
Q. Depends on what?A. Depends on "Environment of whom?"
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Q. How about environment of human?
A.Wait and see!
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Q. Who is "human"?A. Wait until the next section!
Q. Is human a living object?A. ?
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The human animal
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Q 1. What is living object?
Q 2. What are differences between living and non-living objects?
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A. From biological perspective:
Life = biosystems organized by interactions between biological components interacting with physical environments, and become a unified whole with capacity to maintain homeostasis and self-perpetuation
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Sign of life
1. Highly complex organization = all other characteristics of life emerge from an organisms complex organization
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2. Self-homeostasis = Self-maintenance of a steady-state internal environment in the variations of external environment.
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3. Self-perpetuation = Life comes only from life.
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4. Growth and development = the increment of volume and changes in structure and functions to suit with new form of life
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Insert larva picture
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5. Interactions = Life needs energy and matter utilization for maintenance of life
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6. Adaptation = Life evolve as a result of the interaction between organisms and their environments
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7. Response = Life adjusts itself to the environment.
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From biological perspective, these are biological spectrum
Biotic components
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biotic componentCellGeneOrganOrganismPopulationsCommunities
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Biotic components cannot survive in isolation.They must interact with physical or a biotic environments.
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Generalized diagram of inputs, throughputs, and outputs in a system
System Throughputs (flows)System InputsSystem OutputsInformation
Energy
MatterUseless information
Waste heat
Waste matter
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Interaction between each biotic level with physical environment through energy, matter, and information produces characteristic functional system.
"Biosystem" or "life"
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Organizational hierarchy in nature can be seen from "universe" down to "subatomic particles".
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solar systemMilky wayGalaxyUniverseSolar systemEarth
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The natural world is organized, diverse, dynamic, and yet complex.
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Q. How can life be seen in nature?A. A hierarchy of organization of matter.
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Fig 3-6
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Then, there is hierarchy of biosystems.
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Q. What is the determinant of life?A. Environment by evolutionary processes.
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Fig 20
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Q. How did life emerge on the Earth?
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Fig 8-11 (21)
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Transparency 78Fig 6-5 summary of the evolution of the earth and its life.Chemical evolution1 billion years Biological evolution3.7 billion years
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Q. Is human a hierarchy of organization of matter?
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Q. What is the difference of interaction between man and environment and interaction between other organisms and environment?
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A. Organisms adapt themselves to the environments.While Human modify environments to suit themselves .
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Human environment 2 groups
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1. Natural environment: 4 spheres1.1 Biosphere = Space occupied by life1.2 Atmosphere = Space occupied by air1.3 Lithosphere = Space occupied by solid1.4 Hydrosphere = Space occupied by water
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How do the 4 spheres really exist?
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AtmosphereHydrosphereLithosphereEcosphereBiosphere
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2. Man-made environment2.1 Anthropogenic ecosystems
2.2 Physical structures
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What are the Functions of Natural Environment?
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