BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONOURS) IN ARCHITECTURE

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION (ARC 1523)

PROJECT 2: BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND ACTIVITIES

3-STOREY BUNGALOWS

YAP ZHONG LIN

0310557

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WEEKLY CONSTRUCTION PROCEDUDE

1. EARTH WORK

2. FOUNDATION

3. OUTSIDE PLUMBING

4. BEAM AND COLUMNS

5. SLAB

6. INSLIDE PLUMBING

7. BRICKWORK

8. ROOFING

9. ELECTRICAL WIRING

10. DOOR FRAME

11.ROUGH PLUMBING

12.BRICK RENDERING

13. INSTALLATION OF WINDOW AND DOORS

14. INSTALLATION OF BATHROOM EQUIPMENT

15. PAINTWORK

16. INSTALLATION OF RECEPTACLE

17. INSTALLATION OF DRYWALL

18. EXTERIOR LANDSCAPING

19. CLEANING

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WEEK 1

Construction Activity 1: Earthwork Duration: 6 Days Skilled worker: Land surveyor (1), land surveyor assistant (1), civil engineer (1), civil engineer assistant (1)Technical information: Survey topography for measurement of earthwork quantities.

WEEK 2

Construction Activity 1: Earthwork Duration: 6 Days Equipment: Backhoe (1), excavator (1), dumper (1)Skilled worker: Backhoe operator (1), dumper operator (1), general worker (1)Technical information: Site is cleared of trees, topsoil, shrubs and rubbish.

WEEK 3 & 4

Construction Activity 1: Earthwork Duration: 12 Days Equipment: Portable penetrometer (1)Skilled worker: Geotechnical engineer (1), geotechnical engineer assistant (1), civil engineer (1), civil engineer assistant (1)Technical information: Mackintosh Probe (MP) test carried out for testing soft soils and determining suitable materials.

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WEEK 5

Construction Activity 1: Earthwork Duration: 6 Days Equipment: Vibrating plate compactor (1), backhoe (1), excavator (1), paver (1), dumper (1)Skilled worker: Backhoe operator (1), excavator operator (1), paver (1), dumper operator (1), general worker (1)Technical information: Site is excavated to required lengths, depths, breadths, inclinations and curvatures

WEEK 6

Construction Activity 1: Earthwork Duration: 6 Days Materials: Timber formwork, gravelEquipment: Table saw (2), shovel (2), long tape measurer, steel tape, strong threads, wire nails, theodolite, wooden pegs, drill hammerSkilled worker: Carpenter (2), general worker (1) Technical information: Filling materials to lines, levels and grades required to complete permanent construction.

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WEEK 7

Construction Activity 1: Underground Service Duration: 9-14 daysMaterials: Metal conduit, Steel/Aluminium tubing or PVC tubingEquipment: Plow Chute, WinchSkilled worker: Contractor (1), General worker (2) Technical information: Point of connection to the utility wiring is buried in the ground at a depth that protects conductors from physical damage and physical contact. Burying cable preinstalled in cable-in-conduit (CIC) offers greater physical protection against environment, abrasion, rocks, etc. than direct burial, which can prolong the life of the cable.

Construction Activity 2: Installation of main electrical panelDuration: 1 dayMaterials: Sheet steel/cold role steel, breakers, plasticEquipment: Driller, locknut, screwSkilled worker: Electrical Contractor (1), Electrician (1)Technical information: The panel distributes the electricity to all the electrical circuits that are installed in the house. By installing it, the house will be safe from fires or other accidents related to electrical faults because the circuit breakers will turn the power to the house on and off to protect the wiring from damage by “tripping” when an electrical short or over current occurs.

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WEEK 8

Construction activity 1: Set up formwork for pile cap (Grid 2-5; 7-12)Duration: 2 daysMaterial: Plywood, nails, reinforcementEquipment: hammer, measuring tape, drill, handsawSkilled worker: general worker (3)Technical information: Set up formwork for pile cap, insert reinforcement for pile cap, and set up the reinforcement for column stump before pouring the concrete.

Construction activity 2: Pour concrete into the formworkDuration: 2 daysMaterial: ConcreteEquipment: Concrete mixer truck, Skip, Concrete vibratorSkilled worker: Concrete mixer truck operator (1), general worker (3)Technical information: Pour the concrete into the formwork through skip from concrete mixer truck, vibrate and mix the concrete evenly using concrete vibrator to increase its strength by preventing air pockets.

WEEK 9

Construction activity 1: Pile cap harden processDuration: 7 daysMaterial: -Equipment: -Skilled worker: -Technical information: Let the concrete pile cap harden for 7 days to wait it mature and sufficient strength, open formwork after completed.

WEEK 10

Construction activity 1: Set up formwork for column stump (Grid 1-6; 7-12)Duration: 2 daysMaterial: Plywood nailsEquipment: hammer, measuring tape, drill, handsawSkilled worker: Formwork Carpentry (2)Technical information: Set up formwork for column stump before pouring the concrete.

Construction activity 2: Pour concrete into the formworkDuration: 2 daysMaterial: ConcreteEquipment: Concrete mixer truck, Skip, Concrete vibratorSkilled worker: Formwork Carpentry (2)Technical information: Pour the concrete into the formwork through skip from concrete mixer truck; vibrate the concrete to increase its strength.

WEEK 11

Construction activity 1: Column stump harden process (Grid 1-6; 7-12)Duration: 7 daysMaterial: -Equipment: -Skilled worker: -Technical information: Let the concrete column stump harden for 7 days to wait it mature and sufficient strength, open formwork after completed

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WEEK 12

Construction Activity 1: Ground beam (Grid 1, 4-6; 7-9, 11-12) Duration: 6 Days Materials: Concrete Grade 30, reinforcement, timber formwork Equipment: Concrete vibrator (1), bar bending machine (1), table saw, machine mix concrete (1)Skilled worker: Carpenter (4), bar bender (2), general worker (1) Technical information: Determine material, mark the number of form panels, amount of false work, place reinforcement bar, erecting the formwork and false work, propping and cantering, shuttling, provision a camber, brace the wood with stringer and support by struts and cleat, ensure a grout-tight seal, cleaning and surface treatment, slump test for concrete, pour cement concrete

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WEEK 13

Construction Activity 1: Slab Plumbing Installation Duration: 4 days Materials: PVC pipes, PVC pipe fittings, soft copper tubing, septic tankEquipment: pressure test pump, bobcat, trencher, measuring tape, shovelSkilled worker: Plumber (1), Trencher driver (1)Technical information: dig trenches as needed to run the sewer pipes and water pipes, and should smooth the dirt or sand back when finished.

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WEEK 14

Construction Activity 1: Ground Floor Slab Duration: 6 Days Materials: Plywood formworkEquipment: Dip-galvanised nails, hammer, measuring tape, table sawSkilled worker: General worker (2), carpenter (1), Technical information: Determine the plan to place slab, constructing slab formwork, propping and cantering, fixing plywood to timber frames, side and bottom shutter of RCC members are fixed, give an upward camber in the horizontal member of concrete, surface treatment, fixed the reinforced steel inside.Thickness range of plywood: 7mm - 32mm

Week 15Construction Activity 1: Ground Floor Slab Duration: 6 Days Materials: Reinforced steel, service pipes, concrete Grade 20Equipment: Mixer truck (2), concrete vibrator (1), tipper, wheelbarrowSkilled worker: General worker (2), carpenter (2), bar bender (2)Technical information: Install service pipes, fixed the reinforced steel, slump test for concrete, pour cement concrete, striking and dismantling, remove formwork

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WEEK 16

Construction Activity 2: Ground Floor Columns (Grid 1-5; 7-12) Duration: 6 Days Materials: Concrete Grade 30, reinforcement, timber formwork Equipment: Concrete vibrator (1), bar bending machine (1), table saw Skilled worker: Carpenter (2), bar bender (2), general worker (1) Technical information: Erection sequence for a column, place reinforcement bar as instructed, position formwork for the column from predetermined grids, securely support using adjustable steel props, safely secured to the column formwork and the floor, and that adjustment for pushing and pulling is operational, set up and transfer column clamp positions from the storey rod onto column formwork, use nails to support the arms of column clamps while wedging, check the formwork at the top for square

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WEEK 17

Construction Activity 1: First Floor Beam (Grid 5-6; 7-9, 11, 12) Duration: 3 Days Materials: Concrete Grade 30, reinforcement, timber formwork Equipment: Concrete vibrator (1), bar bending machine (1), table saw, machine mix concrete (1)Skilled worker: Carpenter (4), bar bender (2), general worker (1) Technical information: Determine material, mark the number of form panels, amount of false work, place reinforcement bar, erecting the formwork and false work, propping and cantering, shuttling, provision a camber, brace the wood with stringer and support by struts and cleat, ensure a grout-tight seal, cleaning and surface treatment, slump test for concrete, pour cement concrete

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WEEK 18

Construction Activity 1: First Floor Columns (Grid 4-5; 8-12) Duration: 3 Days Materials: Concrete Grade 30, reinforcement, timber formwork Equipment: Concrete vibrator (1), bar bending machine (1), table saw Skilled worker: Carpenter (2), bar bender (2), general worker (1) Technical information: Erection sequence for a column, place reinforcement bar as instructed, position formwork for the column from predetermined grids, securely support using adjustable steel props, safely secured to the column formwork and the floor, and that adjustment for pushing and pulling is operational, set up and transfer column clamp positions from the storey rod onto column formwork, use nails to support the arms of column clamps while wedging, check the formwork at the top for square

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WEEK 19

Construction Activity 2: Second Floor Beam (Grid 4-5; 8-9, 11-12) Duration: 3 Days Materials: Concrete Grade 30, reinforcement, timber formwork Equipment: Concrete vibrator (1), bar bending machine (1), table saw, machine mix concrete (1)Skilled worker: Carpenter (4), bar bender (2), general worker (1) Technical information: Determine material, mark the number of form panels, amount of false work, place reinforcement bar, erecting the formwork and false work, propping and cantering, shuttling, provision a camber, brace the wood with stringer and support by struts and cleat, ensure a grout-tight seal, cleaning and surface treatment, slump test for concrete, pour cement concrete

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WEEK 20

Construction Activity 1: First Floor Slab Duration: 6 Days Materials: Plywood formworkEquipment: Dip-galvanised nails, hammer, measuring tape, table sawSkilled worker: General worker (2), carpenter (1), Technical information: Determine the plan to place slab, constructing slab formwork, propping and cantering, fixing plywood to timber frames, side and bottom shutter of RCC members are fixed, give an upward camber in the horizontal member of concrete, surface treatment, fixed the reinforced steel inside.Thickness range of plywood: 7mm - 32mm

Construction Activity 2: First Floor Slab Duration: 6 Days Materials: Reinforced steel, service pipes, concrete Grade 20Equipment: Mixer truck (2), concrete vibrator (1), tipper, wheelbarrowSkilled worker: General worker (2), carpenter (2), bar bender (2)Technical information: Install service pipes, fixed the reinforced steel, slump test for concrete, pour cement concrete, striking and dismantling, remove formwork

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WEEK 21

Construction Activity 1: Second Floor Columns (Grid 1-2, 4-5) Duration: 3 Days Materials: Concrete Grade 30, reinforcement, timber formwork Equipment: Concrete vibrator (1), bar bending machine (1), table saw Skilled worker: Carpenter (2), bar bender (2), general worker (1) Technical information: Erection sequence for a column, place reinforcement bar as instructed, position formwork for the column from predetermined grids, securely support using adjustable steel props, safely secured to the column formwork and the floor, and that adjustment for pushing and pulling is operational, set up and transfer column clamp positions from the storey rod onto column formwork, use nails to support the arms of column clamps while wedging, check the formwork at the top for square

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WEEK 22

Construction Activity 1: Third Floor Beam (Grid 4-5; 7-12) Duration: 3 Days Materials: Concrete Grade 30, reinforcement, timber formwork Equipment: Concrete vibrator (1), bar bending machine (1), table saw, machine mix concrete (1)Skilled worker: Carpenter (4), bar bender (2), general worker (1) Technical information: Determine material, mark the number of form panels, amount of false work, place reinforcement bar, erecting the formwork and false work, propping and cantering, shuttling, provision a camber, brace the wood with stringer and support by struts and cleat, ensure a grout-tight seal, cleaning and surface treatment, slump test for concrete, pour cement concrete

Construction Activity 2: Third Floor Beam (Grid 4-5; 7-12) Duration: 6 Days Materials: Concrete Grade 30, reinforcement, timber formwork Equipment: Concrete vibrator (1), bar bending machine (1), table saw, machine mix concrete (1) Skilled worker: Carpenter (2), bar bender (2), general worker (1) Technical information: pour cement concrete, striking and dismantling, remove forming vertical faces, and remove shuttling forming soffit

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WEEK 23

Construction Activity 1: Second Floor SlabDuration: 3 Days Materials: Plywood formworkEquipment: Dip-galvanised nails, hammer, measuring tape, table sawSkilled worker: General worker (2), carpenter (1), Technical information: Determine the plan to place slab, constructing slab formwork, propping and cantering, fixing plywood to timber frames, side and bottom shutter of RCC members are fixed, give an upward camber in the horizontal member of concrete, surface treatment, fixed the reinforced steel inside.Thickness range of plywood: 7mm - 32mm

Construction Activity 2: Second Floor Slab Duration: 3 Days Materials: Reinforced steel, service pipes, concrete Grade 20Equipment: Mixer truck (2), concrete vibrator (1), tipper, wheelbarrowSkilled worker: General worker (2), carpenter (2), bar bender (2)Technical information: Install service pipes, fixed the reinforced steel, slump test for concrete, pour cement concrete, striking and dismantling, remove formwork

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WEEK 25

Construction Activity 1: Staircase (Grid 1-2; 9-10)Duration: 2 Days Materials: Hook, NLT 25’, VERT RR pins, rebar wire, cast aluminium, Cast in place sleeveEquipment: Measuring Tape, chalk line, drill, hammer, hand sawSkilled worker: Bar Benders (1), Formwork Carpenters (1)Technical information: To create strong grid of rebar, two or more pieces of rebar cross are joined together. Secure riser form board with cleats attached about an inch above the stairs layout to the slide form.

WEEK 26 & 27

Construction Activity 2: Staircase (Grid 1-2; 9-10)Duration: 4 Days Materials: Concrete, Long screws, NailsEquipment: Portable Cement Mixer, Concrete Vibrator, Spade, Screed BoardSkilled worker: Carpenters (2)Technical information: Concrete ceiling and stairs pour in the same day to create strong bond between the components. Use long screws and nails to lock together the wooden formwork. After filling the formwork with concrete, mix evenly with concrete vibrator to prevent air pockets. Use straight edge to spread the concrete and circular moves to create even finish. Keep the concrete wet or damp to prevent cracks for up to one week while it cures.

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WEEK 28

WEEK 29

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WEEK 28, 29 & 30

Construction Activity 1: Brickwork Duration: 5 days Materials: Red Burnt Clay Bricks, Cement mixer, reinforce meshEquipment: Rose Brick Trowels, carpenter level, brick jointerSkilled worker: Brick Layers (3), Pointing, cleaning, and caulking workers (1)Technical information:

Brickwork process including bricks beds and perpends. The bed is made up with mortar with brick is laid. Perpends is a vertical joint between two bricks filled with mortar. • Bricks of dimensions 215 mm x 102.5 mm × 65 mm;• Mortar beds and perpends of a uniform 10 mm.

Wire are used every 3 layers of bricks laid to control mortar shrinkage and crack control due to temperature and pressure extremes, and bond intersecting walls. Brickwork needs to be supported over openings the opening are often supporting by reinforcing steel fully embedded in Portland cement grout. The steel angles, can provide all the support, or be attached to the primary structure such as a reinforced concrete frame, to which the load is transferred. Supporting windows and doors.

WEEK 30

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WEEK 31

Construction Activity 1: Roof (Grid 1, 3, 5)Duration: 6 Days Materials: Meranti timber formwork, metal trussesEquipment: Crane (1), lorry (1), handsaw, driller, dip-galvanised nails, hammer, measuring tapeSkilled worker: Roofer (1), general worker (1), crane operator (1), lorry driver (1)Technical information: Check trusses, interior/exterior alignment, prepare clear access to worksite, prepare storage for trusses.

WEEK 32

Construction Activity 1: Electrical wiring

Duration: 4-6 days (approximately depending on building frame size)Materials: PVC insulated cable, copper/aluminium conductorsEquipment: Power strip/ surge protectors, fish tape, flex bitsSkilled worker: Electrical Contractor (1), Electrician (2)Technical information: After rough frame is completed, wiring methods have to be installing on or through building framing members such as the interior walls, ceilings and floors. Wiring requirements differ depending on the construction type and building element. E.g. Timber frame, concrete floors, skillion roofs and etc.

Construction Activity 2: Installation of main electrical panelDuration: 1 dayMaterials: Sheet steel/cold role steel, breakers, plasticEquipment: Driller, locknut, screwSkilled worker: Electrical Contractor (1), Electrician (1)Technical information: The panel distributes the electricity to all the electrical circuits that are installed in the house. By installing it, the house will be safe from fires or other accidents related to electrical faults because the circuit breakers will turn the power to the house on and off to protect the wiring from damage by “tripping” when an electrical short or over current occurs.

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Construction Activity 1: Installation of door frame

Materials: Screws, ‘L’ bracket, jambs, striker plate, PVC stopper, head, adaptor bar, brick ties, hinges, spreader bars. Equipment: Safety glasses, utility knife, hammer; caulk gun, level, scaffolding, square ruler, measuring tape, stapler, and screwdriver Skilled worker: general worker (1), door and window installer (2)Technical information: Mark door and bricks area, use timber to prop up door to standing position, use spirit to plumb the frame, secure timber stays with bricks, lay the bricks, place mortar into gap of the brick and

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WEEK 34

Construction Activity 1: Rough Plumbing Installation Duration: 4 daysMaterials: cast iron pipe, galvanized iron pipe, and galvanized steel pipe, vitrified clay pipe, PVC pipe, copper tubing, fittings, hangers, insulating materials, oakumEquipment: pressure test pump, clamp tool, measuring tape, electric pipe threaded, steel pipe wrench, flaring pliers, pipe vice, pipe bending machine, pipe cutterSkilled worker: Plumber (1), General worker (1)Technical information: The major categories of plumbing systems or subsystems are potable cold and hot tap water supply, plumbing drainage venting, septic systems, rainwater, surface, and subsurface water drainage, fuel gas piping

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WEEK 35

Construction Activity 1: Roof (Grid 1, 3, 5)Duration: 2 Days Materials: Meranti timber formwork Equipment: Crane (1), handsaw, driller, dip-galvanised nails, double-headed nails, measuring tapeSkilled worker: Roofer (1), general worker (1), carpenter (1), crane operator (1), scaffolder (1)Technical information: Attach bearers to bearer block and wall scab, timber scaffolding.

Construction Activity 2: Roof (Grid 1, 3, 5)Duration: 3 Days Materials: Meranti timber formwork Equipment: Crane (1), handsaw, driller, dip-galvanised nails, double-headed nails, measuring tapeSkilled worker: Roofer (1), general worker (1), carpenter (1), crane operator (1), scaffolder (1)Technical information: Progressively install temporary bracing as scaffolding is erected.

Construction Activity 3: Roof Duration: 1 Day Materials: Metal trussesEquipment: Driller, screw driver, spiral screw, measuring tapeSkilled worker: General worker (1), truss erector (1) Technical information: Fix truss.

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WEEK 36

Construction Activity 1: Roof (Grid 1-7)Duration: 6 Days Materials: Metal trusses Equipment: Crane (1), Driller, screw driver, spiral screw, measuring tapeSkilled worker: Roofer (1), general worker (1), truss erector (1), crane operator (1)Technical information: Install permanent lateral bracing to truss.

Construction Activity 2: Roof (Grid 1-14)Duration: 6 Days Materials: Metal anchor sling, roof anchor bracketEquipment: Driller, screw driver, spiral screw, measuring tape, metal benderSkilled worker: Roofer (1), general worker (1), bar bender (1)Technical information: Install anchor slings.

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WEEK 37

Construction Activity 1: Roof (Grid 7-14)Duration: 3 Days Materials: Chicken nettingEquipment: Measuring tape, metal bender, dip-galvanised nails, hammer, metal cutterSkilled worker: Roofer (1), general worker (1)Technical information: Install chicken netting.

Construction Activity 2: Roof (Grid 1-7)Duration: 3 Days Materials: Aluminium sheetEquipment: Measuring tape, metal bender, dip-galvanised nails, hammer, metal cutterSkilled worker: Roofer (1), general worker (1)Technical information: Install aluminium sheathing.

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WEEK 38

Construction Activity 1: Roof (Grid 1-7)Duration: 6 Days Materials: Metal batten strips (aluminium)Equipment: Measuring tape, metal bender, dip-galvanised nails, hammer, metal cutterSkilled worker: Roofer (1), general worker (1)Technical information: Install batten.

Construction Activity 2: Roof (Grid 7-14)Duration: 6 Days Materials: Cement tilesEquipment: Measuring tape, dip-galvanised nails, hammerSkilled worker: Roofer (1), general worker (1), roof tiller (1)Technical information: Place cement tiles and nails every third row.

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WEEK 39

WEEK 40

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WEEK 39, 40 & 41

Construction Activity 1: Brickwork – Rendering Duration: 3 Days Materials: Red Burnt Clay Bricks, Mixed Portland Composite Cement, Mixed Blended White CementEquipment: Masonry Brushes, Sled Runners, Skilled worker: Pointing, cleaning, and caulking workers (2) and plasterer (2)Technical information: Cement render on the surface of brick wall after cleaning with masonry brush. Then, scratch first coat of render before it set to provide key for second layer. Skim coat mixed blended white cement on it.

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WEEK 42

Construction Activity 1: Roof (Grid 1, 3, 5)

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WEEK 42

Construction Activity 1: Roof (Grid 1, 3, 5)

WEEK 43

Construction Activity 1: Installation of window Duration: 3 daysMaterials: Required windows, backer rod, insulation, shims, roofing nails, screws, silicone sealant, flashing, fastener, corner guardEquipment: Safety glasses, utility knife, hammer; caulk gun, level, scaffolding, square ruler, measuring tape, stapler, and screwdriverSkilled worker: general worker (1), door and window installer (2)Technical information: Verify window opening, apply weather resistant barrier, create flashing, prepare window for installation, set the unit and secure, apply flashing at jambs and head, seal and insulate interior cavity, insert backer rod.

Construction Activity 2: Installation of door Duration: 3 daysMaterials: Required door, door lock, doorknob and screwsEquipment: Screw driver, measuring tapeSkilled worker: general worker (1), window and door installer (2) Technical information: Install required door types and measurement with door lock and doorknob

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WEEK 44

Construction Activity 3: Installation of door trim Duration: 3 daysMaterials: nails, door trim panelsEquipment: Finish hammer, hand plane, measuring tape, carpenter’s glue, sandpaper, jigsaw, combination square, compass, pencil, utility knife, putty knife, mitre saw, drill with bitSkilled worker: general worker (1), carpenter (2) Technical information: Mark the reveals, cut all mitres, cut and test-fit side casings make adjustments, secure casing, and cross-nail mitres.

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Construction Activity 1: Bathroom Equipment Installation

Sockets, Heaters, Showers, Shower pumps, Water closet, Sink,

, steel pipe wrench, flaring pliers, pipe

Technical information: Materials are installed at first fix stage as they need to be fitted prior to the commencement of tiling. This is essential to get professional watertight seals, as water ingress resulting from doing things in the wrong order can cause massive problems later on.

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WEEK 46

Construction Activity 1: Paint work Duration: 2 daysMaterials: Wood paintsEquipment: Paint brushes, tape and masking, ladderSkilled worker: general worker (1), painter (2) Technical information: Paint with the required wood colour to give attractiveness of the door and window.

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WEEK 47

Construction Activity 1: Installation of receptacleDuration: 1 dayMaterials: Nickel/silver, beryllium copper, plasticEquipment: Screw, screwdriverSkilled worker: Electrician (2)Technical information: Electrician installs receptacles for outlets, lights and switches and runs wires from the breaker panel to each receptacle. Wiring for telephones, TV cable and network cable is included in this work.

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WEEK 48

Construction Activity 1: Installation of DrywallDuration: 6-9 daysMaterials: Gypsum boardEquipment: Knife, drill, nails, screw, paint, tapeSkilled worker: General worker (2)Technical information: The drywall, known as sheetrock or plaster board, is an engineered product that replaced plaster as the most common interior surface. It is compressed Gypsum in-between two sheets of thick Kraft paper.  Primer coat of paint is applied onto the board after taping is complete.

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WEEK 51 & 52

Construction Activity 1: CleaningDuration: 14 daysMaterials: -Equipment: -Skilled worker: General worker (2)Technical information: Window Cleaning, Rough Cleaning and Final Cleaning before move in

WEEK 49 & 50

Construction Activity 1: Exterior LandscapingDuration: 9-14 daysMaterials: -Equipment: -Skilled worker: General worker (2)Technical information: Rough Final Grade, Patios, Porches, Side Walks, Decks, Driveways, Final Grade and Seed

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Bibliography

A Sample Construction Schedule and Custom Home Building Time-Line - B4UBUILD.COM. (2013, January 1). A Sample Construction Schedule and Custom Home Building Time-Line - B4UBUILD.COM. Retrieved July 3, 2014, from http://www.b4ubuild.com/resources/schedule/6kproj.shtml

Barry, R. (1992). The Construction of Building,Vol.2 (5th ed). Oxford: Blackwell Science.

Barry, R. (1993). The Construction of Building 3 (5th ed). Oxford: Blackwell Science.

Barry, R. (1999). The construction of buildings (1st ed). Oxford: Blackwell Science.

Hardware Source, 2014. Shutter & Window - Window Hinges. [online] Available at <http://www.hardwaresource.com/hinges/SHUTTER+and+WINDOW/Window+Hinges/> [Accessed 28 June 2014]

Heavy Equipment Industry - The heavy equipment industry -- including machines such as the backhoe, crane, wheel loader, grader, forklift, and bulldozer -- has been experiencing a new Heavy Equipment. Heavy Equipment. [online] Available at:

http://www.heavyequipment.com/heavy-equipment [Accessed 26 June 2014]

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