bcs lecture 1
TRANSCRIPT
Abbas KhanDepartment of Computer ScienceUniversity of Peshawar
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 1
Database IIDatabase Administration
Course Contents
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 2
Database Administration Database Integrity Database Security Database Recovery Database Concurrency Distributed Databases Object Oriented Database
Recommended Books
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 3
C.J Date, An introduction to Database, 6th Edition, Addison Wesley Company, 1983.
Jeffrey A Hoffer, Database Management, 4th Edition, The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc 1994.
Thomas M. Connolly E. Begg, Database Systems: A Practical Approach to Design , Implementation and Management, 4th Edition, Addison Wesley Company, 2004.
What is Database ?
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 4
An organized collection of data for one or more purposes, usually in digital form
Data are typically organized to model relevant aspects of reality
A database is typically organized according to general Data models
Role of the Database
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 5
Primary Role: To Support Managerial Decision Making at All Levels of the Organization
Top Level Strategic Decisions
Middle Management Tactical Decisions
Operational Management Daily, Operational Decisions
Need for Databases
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 6
Data is used by different people, in different departments, for different reasons
Interpretation and Presentation of data in useful formats
Distribution of data and information To the right people At the right time
Control over Data Duplication(Compression technique for storage utilization) and Use
Database Administrator
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 7
Coordinates all the activities of the database system
has a good understanding of the enterprise’s information resources and needs.
Database administrator's duties include: Storage structure and access method definition Granting user authority to access the database
Database Administrator Conti….
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 8
Specifying integrity constraints
Acting as liaison (means of communication b/w groups) with users
Monitoring performance and responding to changes in requirements
Database AdministrationDefinitions
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 9
Data Administration: A high-level function that is responsible for the overall management of data resources in an organization, including maintaining corporate-wide definitions and standards
Database Administration: A technical function that is responsible for physical database design and for dealing with technical issues such as security enforcement, database performance, and backup and recovery
DBA Functions
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 10
Data policies, procedures, standards
Planning
Data conflict (ownership) resolution
Managing the data repository (data partitioning logical o physical)
DBA Functions Conti….
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 11
Selection of hardware and software
Installing/upgrading DBMS
Improving query processing performance
Managing data security, privacy, and integrity
Data backup and recovery
DBA’s Responsibilities
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 12
DBA ACTIVITY DBA SERVICES
Planning End User Support
Organizing Policies, Procedures, Standard
Testing Data Security, Privacy, Integrity
Monitoring Data Backup, Recovery
Delivering Data Distribution
End-User Support
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 13
User Requirements Gathering Understanding of the users’ views and needs Present and Future information needs
Conflict and Problem Resolution Solutions in one department may cause problems in another
Finding Solutions to Information Need
Ensure Quality and Integrity of Applications and Data
Build End-User Confidence
Policies, Procedures, and Standards
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 14
Policies: General Statements of Direction or action that communicate and support DBA goals
Procedures: Written Instructions that describe a services of steps to be followed during the performance of a given activity
Standards: More detailed and specific than policies, and describe the minimum requirements of a DBA activity Rules that are used to evaluate the quality of the activity
Areas of Policies and Procedures
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 15
End-User database requirements gatheringDatabase design and modelingDocumentation and Naming conventionsDesign, coding, and testing of applicationsDatabase software selectionDatabase security and integrityDatabase backup and recoveryDatabase maintenance and operationEnd-user training
Data Security, Privacy and Integrity
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 16
User Access Management Define each user to the database
Operating System Level Database Level
Assign Passwords Define User Groups Assign Access Privileges
Read Write Delete
Physical Access ControlView Definitions
Protect and Control the Scope of the Data that is accessible to a user
Data Backup and Recovery
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 17
Disaster Management Periodic Data and Application Backups
Full Incremental Concurrent
Proper Backup Identification
Convenient and safe backup storage
Physical protection of hardware and software
Data Distribution and Use
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 18
Data is only useful when: Given to the Right User Right Time Right Format
Programmers Deliver programs to access data Time consuming for DBA
Data Distribution allows end users to access the database Internet Intranets Queries, Web Front Ends End Users may make improper use of database, data
duplication, etc.
DBA’s Technical Role
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 19
DBMS and utilities, evaluation, selection and installation
Design and implementation of Database
Testing and Evaluation
Operation of DBMS, Utilities, and Applications
Training and Supporting Users
Maintenance of DBMS, Utilities, and Applications
Evaluation, Selection, and Installation
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 20
Selection of Hardware and Software
Must be based on the Organization’s Needs
Search is for a solutions to a problem, not a need for a software
1st step is to determine companies NEEDS
Design and Implementation
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 21
Determination and Enforcement of Standards and Procedures
Ensure the Design activities are performed within the Standards and Procedures
Ensure Transactions are: Correct Efficient Compliant with Integrity and Standards
Physical DesignOperational Procedures
Testing and Evaluation
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 22
All Database and End User ApplicationsMaintained Independently of Development and
ImplementationCover:
Technical AspectsBackup, Recovery, Security, Integrity
Evaluation of Documentation Observance of Standards Naming, Documentation, Coding Data Duplication Conflicts with existing data Enforcement of Data Validation rules
Assignment # 1o Define Data Metadata Informationo List any 3 risks associated with
Databases
Deadline = Tomorrow
April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 23
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April 7, 2023BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 24
Thank You!