bdd - telling stories through code for phpem
TRANSCRIPT
@TheMattBrunt
BEHAVIOUR DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT
TELLING STORIES THROUGH CODE
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR…
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Senior Software Engineer at Viva IT
@TheMattBrunt @PHPem
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BEFORE WE TALK ABOUT BDD
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LET’S TALK ABOUT TESTING
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WHO HERE WRITES TESTS?
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AFTER CODE?
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BEFORE CODE?
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BE HONEST...
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TERMINOLOGY
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UNIT TESTS
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INTEGRATION TESTS
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FUNCTIONAL TESTS
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ACCEPTANCE TESTS
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REJECTION TESTS
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TESTING PYRAMID
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COMPONENTS IN ISOLATION
COMPONENTS WORKING TOGETHER
END-TO-END TESTS
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UNIT TESTS
INTEGRATION TESTS
UI TESTS
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MORE TERMINOLOGY
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DUMMIES, STUBS, FAKES, MOCKS
https://adamcod.es/2014/05/15/test-doubles-mock-vs-stub.html
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CRITERIA, FIXTURES
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EDGE-CASES, END-TO-END
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ACCEPTANCE AGILE AUTOMATION BDD BEHAVIOUR BLACK-BOX BOUNDARIES CONTEXTS CRITERIA DDD DOUBLES DUMMIES EDGE-CASES END-TO-END FACTORIES FAKES FEATURES FIXTURES FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION MOCKS OUTSIDE-IN SCENARIOS SPECS SPIES STUBS TDD UNITS
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WHAT DOES IT ALL MEAN?
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IGNORE JARGON
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TEST TO FEEL COMFORTABLE
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TDD VS BDD
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BEHAVIOUR DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT
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HOW DO THEY GET ALONG?
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BDD IS TDD ‘DONE RIGHT’IT’S OFTEN SAID THAT…
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BDD IS A SECOND-GENERATION, OUTSIDE-IN, PULL-BASED, MULTIPLE-STAKEHOLDER, MULTIPLE-SCALE, HIGH-AUTOMATION, AGILE METHODOLOGY.
DAN NORTH
http://dannorth.net/whats-in-a-story/
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SECOND-GENERATIONBREAK DOWN
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MULTIPLE-STAKEHOLDERBREAK DOWN
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AGILE METHODOLOGYBREAK DOWN
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MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDERS
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UBIQUITOUS LANGUAGEAN IMPORTANT PART OF BDD IS…
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CONVERSATIONS ARE KEY
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HAVING CONVERSATIONS
CAPTURING CONVERSATIONS> AUTOMATING
CONVERSATIONS>
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HAVE CONVERSATIONS BEFORE YOU START WRITING CODE
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CAPTURE THE CONVERSATIONS SO YOU CAN USE THEM TO DRIVE DEVELOPMENT
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BDD IS THE ART OF USING EXAMPLES IN CONVERSATIONS TO ILLUSTRATE BEHAVIOUR
LIZ KEOGH
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EXAMPLES ARE ESSENTIAL
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TYPES OF BDD
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SPEC BDD
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STORY BDD (SCENARIOS)
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PICK THE RIGHT TOOL FOR THE JOB
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COMPONENTS IN ISOLATION
COMPONENTS WORKING TOGETHER
END-TO-END TESTS
SPEC BDD
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COMPONENTS IN ISOLATION
COMPONENTS WORKING TOGETHER
END-TO-END TESTS
SCENARIO BDD
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WE’LL BE LOOKING AT SCENARIO BDD
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SO, HOW DO WE WORK WITH THIS?
@TheMattBrunthttps://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Gherkin
GHERKIN DSL
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HUMAN READABLEGHERKIN IS…
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KEYWORD BASEDGHERKIN IS…
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LINE ORIENTEDGHERKIN IS…
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DOCUMENTATIONGHERKIN IS…
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AUTOMATIONGHERKIN ALLOWS…
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DEVELOPERS LOVE AUTOMATION
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WRITING STORIES
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BE DESCRIPTIVE
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FEATURES ARE STORIES
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SINGLE FEATURE PER FILE
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Feature: As a [role] I want [feature] So that [benefit]
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SCENARIOS
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SCENARIOS ARE EXAMPLES
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EXAMPLES ARE ESSENTIAL
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MULTIPLE SCENARIOSFEATURES CAN HAVE
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SORRY…
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STEPS
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MULTIPLE STEPSSCENARIOS HAVE…
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IMPORTANT KEYWORDS
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GIVENPUTS THE SYSTEM IN A KNOWN STATE
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WHENDESCRIBE A KEY ACTION
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THENDESCRIBE AN OBSERVABLE OUTCOME
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Given I have a “Large T-Shirt” product When I add a “Large T-Shirt” to my basket
Then I should have a “Large T-Shirt” in my basket
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ANDBUT THERE’S ALSO…
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Given I have a “Large T-Shirt” product that costs £9.99
And I have an empty basket
When I add a “Large T-Shirt” to my basket
Then I should have a “Large T-Shirt” in my basket
And the basket total should be £9.99
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STORY STRUCTURE: THE MAKEUP OF A FEATURE FILE
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Feature: As a customer I want to be able to add products to my basket So that I can have a gift for my partner
Scenario: I can add a product to the basket Given I have a "Large T-Shirt" product When I add a “Large T-Shirt” to my basket Then I should have a “Large T-Shirt” in my basket
FEATURE
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SCENARIO
Feature: As a customer I want to be able to add products to my basket So that I can have a gift for my partner
Scenario: I can add a product to the basket Given I have a "Large T-Shirt" product When I add a “Large T-Shirt” to my basket Then I should have a “Large T-Shirt” in my basket
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STEP
Feature: As a customer I want to be able to add products to my basket So that I can have a gift for my partner
Scenario: I can add a product to the basket Given I have a "Large T-Shirt" product When I add a “Large T-Shirt” to my basket Then I should have a “Large T-Shirt” in my basket
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THIS IS GREAT, BUT HOW DOES IT RELATE TO CODE?
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STEP DEFINITIONS
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Given I have a “Large T-Shirt” product When I add that product to my basket Then I should see that product in my basket
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ARGUMENTS
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THAT’S BETTER
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TAGS
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SUITES & PROFILES
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TEST DIFFERENT (OR THE SAME) FEATURES WITH DIFFERENT CONFIGURATIONS.
SUITES ALLOW YOU TO…
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YOU CAN HAVE A UI SUITE THAT USES DIFFERENT STEP DEFINITIONS THAN A SERVICE LEVEL SUITE
FOR EXAMPLE:
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THEY COULD ALSO USE DIFFERENT, OR EVEN THE SAME FEATURE FILES
FOR EXAMPLE:
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YOU CAN USE THE SAME FEATURE FILE TO TEST DIFFERENT IMPLEMENTATIONS
WITH SUITES AND TAGS…
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YOU CAN CHANGE IMPLEMENTATION WITHOUT CHANGING YOUR DOCUMENTED BUSINESS RULES
WITH SUITES AND TAGS…
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THIS IS WHERE THE POWER LIES
FOR ME…
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IMPLEMENTATION CHANGES MORE FREQUENTLY THAN BUSINESS RULES
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WRITING A GOOD STORY
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Scenario: I can add a product to my basket
Given I am on the “/product/1” page
When I press “Add to basket”
Then I should see “Playstation 4”
And I should see £250
BAD STORY
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Scenario: I can add a single product to my basket
Given I have a “Playstation 4” that costs £250
When I add the “Playstation 4” to my basket
Then I should have 1 product in my basket
And the basket total should be £250
BETTER STORY
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Scenario: I can add a product to my basket
Given I am on the “/product/1” page
When I press “Add to basket”
Then I should see “Playstation 4”
And I should see £250
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THE UI CHANGES TO SAY “ADD TO CART”?
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DON’T WRITE IMPLEMENTATION IN FEATURES
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THE CODA
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STEP ARGUMENT TRANSFORMATIONS
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RETURN US AN OBJECT
LOOK FOR THIS
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HOOKS
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BEFORE & AFTER THE FOLLOWING: SUITES, FEATURES, SCENARIOS, STEPS
HOOKS
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IN SUMMARY
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CONVERSATIONS.
CONVERSATIONS.
CONVERSATIONS.
CONVERSATIONS.
CONVERSATIONS.
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BEGINNING: HAVE A CONVERSATION, CAPTURE THAT CONVERSATION
MIDDLE: AUTOMATE AND IMPLEMENT THAT CONVERSATION
END: HAPPY STAKEHOLDERS AND WELL BUILT SOFTWARE
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STORIES TOLD BY REAL WORLD EXAMPLES.
USER STORIES AS REQUIREMENTS.
INVOLVE MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDERS.
WRITE FEATURES BEFORE CODE.
WRITE FEATURES WITHOUT IMPLEMENTATION.
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LINKS & READINGhttps://cucumber.io/docs
https://adamcod.es/2014/05/15/test-doubles-mock-vs-stub.html
https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Gherkin
http://dannorth.net/whats-in-a-story/
http://dannorth.net/introducing-bdd/
http://lizkeogh.com/category/bdd/
http://lizkeogh.com/2014/01/22/using-bdd-with-legacy-systems/
http://inviqa.com/insights/bdd-guide
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THANKS FOR LISTENING