BEAMS

Beams

• Since there are very few large, old-growth trees available, most large beams are laminated

• They are more dimensionally stable can be made to exact size and specifications-add on to make the structure stronger

Frames• Timber framing is a specific type of post and beam

construction that uses traditional wooden joinery to connect members which is a peg (trunnels or tree-nails) to secure a mortise and tenon joint.

• Timber frame structures exist today that have stood for 2,000 years or more, a testimony to their strength and durability.

Trusses• A type of roof construction that allows large spans with

small sized timbers with the use of triangulated structural components.

• A timber roof truss is a structural framework of timbers designed to bridge the space above a room and to provide support for a roof.

• Trusses usually occur at regular intervals, linked by longitudinal timbers such as purlins. The space between each truss is known as a bay.

Arches and Domes

• Long curved timbers for making heavy timber vaults and heavy timber domes are easily fabricated in laminated wood

• They are widely used in athletic arenas, auditoriums, suburban retail stores, warehouses, and factories

• Similar to rigid frames, it must have tie-rods to counter lateral thrust

Combining Heavy Timber and Light Weight Construction

• Heavy timber can be combined with light frame for structural and aesthetic reasons

• It is classified as type v (light frame) and has fewer restrictions on building methods

Connection and timber joint

Basic joints for timber

- Are designed to allow length of timber to be connected in variety of shapes and forms

- When choosing a joint, consider:• Performance• Economy• Practicability

- Once selected, it must be marked, accurately.

Basic Construction JointsOverlap Joints• These joints are strong and simple and can be used for

general purpose jobs.

Butt Joint• Simplest joint used in construction, joinery or

furniture trades.• May held together with nails, screws, nail

plates, angle brackets or patent type connectors

• In construction, commonly used where noggings meet studs

Halving Joint• Cross Halving Joint• Tee Halving Joint• Stopped Halving Joint• Corner Halving Joint

Housing Joint• Through Housing• End-Lap Housing• Side Housing• Stopped Housing

Notched, Cogged and Checked Joints• Notched Joint• Double Notched Joint• Cogged Joint• Checked Joint

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