Skin Care Products

SKIN CARE

COSMETICS

KEY PLAYERS

4P’S

Skin care products

The skin care market is segmented into toners, Cleansers, Sunscreens, Anti-Wrinkle creams, fairness creams, moisturizer, Day & Night creams etc.

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CONTENT

• INTRODUCTION• STRUCTURE OF SKIN• CLASSIFICATION OF SKIN COSMETICS• CONCLUSION• SUMMARY• REFERENCES

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INTRODUCTION• Cosmetics arise from a Greek word kosmeticos which

means adorn. • If any material used for beautification or improvement of

appearance is known as cosmetics. • In the last 3-4 decades the use of cosmetics has

increased in among in females and males The cosmetics are external preparation are meant to be applied to external parts of the body .

• In other words they may be applied to skin, hair and nails for the purpose of covering colouring, softening,

cleansing , nourishing ,and protection.

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SKIN STRUCTURE

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CLASSIFICATION OFSKIN COSMETICS

1.CLENSING AND BESWAX-BORAX 1.FACE POWDER 1.LIPSTICK 2.ROUGES 1.SUNSCREENCOLD CREAM. LIQUEFYING 2.COMPACT 2.PALLIATIVE2.FOUNDATION AND 3.BODY POWDER 3.SIMULATIVEVANISHING CREAM3.HAND AND BODY CREAM4.ALL-PURPOSE CREAM5.NIGHT AND MASSAGE CREAMS

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SKIN CREAM

SUNBURN PRODUCT

SKIN COLOURANTSPOWDER

1.POWDER AND COMPACT ROUGES.2.ANHYDROUSCREAM ROUGES3.EMULSION CREAM ROUGES.4.LIQUID ROUGES

1.CLEANSING CREAM

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They are used for the purpose of removing makeup, remove the dirt on the skin and to clean the secretionof skin form the face and neck respectively.

PROPERTIES:

They should be easy to apply. They should be spread easily on the skin. They should have a nice appealing appearance. They should not cause irritation to skin. They should not melt or liquefy when applied on to skin. They should form an emollient film on the skin. They should not make the skin dry. They should remove chemicals of facial make-up effectively. They should help in softening, lubricating and protecting skin apart form

cleaning.

• How to apply?– They are applied on face and neck with the help

of finger tips. Then the fingers are rotated upward on the skin for spreading purpose. Tissue paper or cotton wool is used to remove the residue of the cream.

• Cleansing cream are of two types:– Bees wax-borax type/emulsified type.– Liquefying type

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After Cleansing

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SKIN• Skin is the external barrier of the body,

both physical and immunological• skin is the largest organ of the body, it

constitutes about 16% of body weight• its total surface area is about 1.2-2.2 m2

• function: protection, sensory reception, excretion and thermoregulation

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SKIN PHYSIOLOGYThe skin is the outer most layer of the body. It is

constituted of 2 layers :• Epidermis:

Stratum corneum : It consist of epidermal cells lipophilic nature The membrane provides about 10 -15 layers of flattened keratinized dead cells It is 10 um when it is dry. But It can take up moisture up to 15 -20 % When occlusive dressing / cream applied over the skin prevent the evaporation of water It plays a role in controlling the percutaneous absorption of chemical substance

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• Stratum lucidum: It is thin translucent layer .• Stratum granulosum : It is consist of keratin

protein.• Stratum spinosum : It consist of flattened

polygonal cells.• Stratum germinativum : It consist of

melanocytes• Dermis:

Dermis /corium It consist of dense network of structural protein fibres .It is about 0.2-0.3mm thickness It contains blood vessels,lymphatic vessels, nerve ending

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Skin Functions

• Sebaceous gland Oil is produced in the sebaceous gland , this production is stimulated by hormones. Oil flows into the hair follicle then onto the skin surface

• Epidermis barrier– Waterproofs– Protect from UV

• Dermis– Sweat glands– Blood vessels– Nerve endings

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• Psoriasis: It is formation of scaly red patches particularly on the extensor surface of the body.

• Dandruff : Flaking of s.corneum and mostly occurs on scalp due to microbial infection .

• Effects of aging of the skin: Aging affects the character and function of the skin . cosmetics are used to partially repair , mask or overcome such changes Decrease in elasticity of the skin cause wrinkles due to less blood supply.

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SKIN CREAM

• Creams are semisolid emulsions containing mixture of oil and water. There consistency varies between liquids and solids.

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2.COLD CREAM

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These type of creams are water-in-oil type of emulsions. They produce cooling sensation by the evaporation of water, after their application on to the skin, hence known as cold creams. They should possess emollient action and the layer left on the skin after application should be non-occlusive.

INGREDIENTS QTY

White beeswax(emollient) 20g

Mineral oil(lubricant) 50g

Distilled water(vehicle) 28.8g

Borax(buffer) 0.7g

Perfume 0.5g

VANISHING AND FOUNDATION CREAM

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These creams are also referred to as “day cream” as they are applied during day time. These cream provide emollient as well as protective action to the skin against environmental condition by forming a semi-occlusive residual film. This film is neither greasy nor oily.

3.VANISHING CREAMThey are oil in water type of emulsion. When applied

on the surface of the skin, they spread as a thin oil less film which is not visible to naked eye. Hence, they are called vanishing creams. They are used to hold powder on the skin as well as to improve adhesion.

Properties:

1.It should have high melting point.2. It should be pure white in color.3. It should possess very littleOdour.

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INGREDIENTS QTY

Stearic acid(lubricant) 17g

Sodium carbonate 0.5g

Potassium hydroxide(softening agent) 0.5g

Glycerin(humectant) 6g

Water(vehicle) 7g

Alcohol(antiseptic) 4.5g

Perfume 0.5g

4.FOUNATION CREAM

• Foundation creams vary widely in viscosity and are available in the form of pourable lotions to thicker creams. These creams are prepared by incorporating powders like titanium dioxide, kaolin, bentonite and pigments

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Properties:1.They provide emollient base or foundation to skin. They are applied before applying face powder or other make-up preparation.2.They should be easily spread on the skin.3.They should be non-greasy in nature.4.They should be capable of leaving a non-occlusive film on skim after application.

They are of two types:1-Pigmented foundation creams.2-Unpigmented foundation cream.

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5.HAND AND BODY CREAM Due to repeated exposure of skin to water, soap and detergents many times a day leads to removal of lipids and other secretions from the skin. Cold and dry winds are responsible for chapping of the skin. Chapping occurs due to loss of moisture from The skin, which is also associated with cracking. Water is sufficient to treat the dryness of the skin but evaporation of water takes place which makes the skin dry again and no emollient effect is produced.

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7.All-purpose\sport cream• These creams are used by sportspersons

and also by people who do outdoor activities, hence called as sports creams.

Properties:1.They are oily in nature but non-greasy.2.They provide protective film to the skin.3.They make the rough surface of the skin smooth.

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1.FACE POWDER

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These powder have the ability to complement the skin colour by providing velvety finish to it

PROPERTIES: 1. It should impart smooth finish to the skin. 2. It should mask minor imperfection on the skin. 3. It should last for a long period of time. 4. It should serve as a vehicle perfumes so that particles of perfumes may spread easily. 5. It should be resistant to the secretion of the skin.

There are three type of face powder:-light -medium-heavy

Classification:

• Powder and compact rouges• Anhydrous cream rouges• Emulsion rouges• Liquid rouges

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Powder and compact rouges

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• They are marketed in form of loose powders which contain pigments and lakes in dry form. The contain 5.20%ofthe powder mass used in the formulation

INGREDIENTS QTY

Zinc stearate(adhesive char) 8.3g

Rice starch(absorbent material) 14,5g

Talc(slip char) 55g

Pigment 14g

perfume 2g

2.LIPSTICK

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Lipstick may be defined as dispersion of the colouring matter In a base consisting of a suitable blend of oils, fats and waxes with suitable perfumes and flavors, moulded in form of sticks to impart attractive gloss and colour, when applied on lips.

Lipstick provide moist appearance to lips accentuating them and disguising their defects.

SUNBURN PRODUCTS• Exposure to sunrays produce both beneficial

and harmful effects. Cosmetic products which prevent the skin from the deleterious effects of sun like sunburns and sun tan are collectively called sunburn products.

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• Beneficial effects:

– When exposed to a moderate period of time, it helps in stimulating of the blood circulation and formation of hemoglobin.

– It also helps in the formation of vitamin D by activating 7-dehydrocholesterol.

– Vit-D helps in absorption of calcium form intestine.

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CONCLUSION

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SUMMARY

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THANK

YOU

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