beginnings of the french revolution. causes indirect: enlightenment ideas of locke, montesquieu, and...
DESCRIPTION
Causes Direct: –Economic Problems: – Society Divided – made up of 3 “Estates” 3. American Revolution (loans) 1. Poor Tax Base (Nobility does not pay) 2. Poor Harvests in the late 1780sTRANSCRIPT
Beginnings of the French Revolution
Causes• Indirect:–Enlightenment Ideas of Locke,
Montesquieu, and Rousseau–American Revolution –
Declaration of Independence (Jefferson)
Causes
• Direct:– Economic Problems:
– Society Divided – made up of 3 “Estates”
3. American Revolution (loans)
1. Poor Tax Base (Nobility does not pay)2. Poor Harvests in the late 1780s
Society Divided• 1st Estate – • 2nd Estate – • 3rd Estate –
Catholic ClergyNobility
•Bourgeoisie (middle class)
•Sans-culottes (urban workers)
•Peasants
Society Divided• 1st Estate –• 2nd Estate – • 3rd Estate –
1% population, 10% land2% population, 25% land97% population, 65% land
1st Estate2nd Estate3rd Estate
10%
25% 65%
1st Estate2nd Estate3rd Estate
Society Divided• 1st Estate –• 2nd Estate – • 3rd Estate –
Louis XVI and France in heavy debt – need to call the Estates-Generale to solve this problem
Paid no taxesPaid no taxesPaid all of the taxes
National Assembly• 3rd Estate breaks away• Tennis Court Oath• National Assembly is formed
Storming of the Bastille
• July 14, 1789
The Great Fear
• Peasants riot in the countryside burning nobles’ homes and robbing granaries (grain warehouses).
Declaration of the Rights of Man
• Based on Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau• Basic human rights, natural
rights• BUT…Excludes Women
Constitution of 1791• Unicameral Legislature–Unicameral = “one house”
• Suffrage – all males who pay a minimum tax may vote• Result – URBAN WORKERS
vote in RADICAL representatives
Constitution of 1791… too far?
Right - Conservative
Middle - Moderates
Left – Radical (Jacobins)
“The Mountain” National Convention
War• 1791 France (led by the radicals in the
National Assembly) declares war on Austria.• Why?–To prevent Austria, or other nations,
from bringing the King (LOUIS XVI) back to full power.