behavior management
DESCRIPTION
Behavior Management. Learning Theory Behavior Modification Behavior Management . Human Behavior. Human Relationships. Parent Child. Predictability Readability Responsiveness. Feedback Loop. Feelings of efficacyFeelings of helplessness - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Behavior Management
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• Learning Theory
• Behavior Modification • Behavior Management
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Human Behavior
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Human Relationships
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Parent Child
• Predictability• Readability• Responsiveness
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Feedback Loop
• Feelings of efficacy Feelings of helplessness Competent System Helpless System
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Parenting Styles
• Authoritative• Indulgent• Authoritarian• Neglectful/Abusive
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Authoritative
• Parental warmth• Inductive discipline• Non-physical and mild punishments• Consistency in child rearing
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Indulgent
• Overly permissive• Difficulty setting limits• Reversed family hierarchy/Boundary problems
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Authoritarian
• Limited warmth• Harsh physical punishment/Unreasonable
punishment• One-sided discipline
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Neglectful and Abusive
• Disrespectful of child’s basic needs• Physically aggressive in discipline• Disregard for child’s welfare• Limited involvement in child’s life
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Limit Setting
• Predictability• Readability• Responsiveness
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Giving Commands Assertively
– 1. Move close to child.– 2. Stern facial expression.– 3. Say his or her name.– 4. Get and maintain eye-contact.– 5. Firm tone of voice.– 6. Give a direct, simple and clear command.– 7. State a consequence for disobedience.– 8. Back it up.
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Six Basic Rules for Effective Management
• 1. Set clear rules and post in visible location• 2. Reward good behavior• 3. Don’t accidentally reward bad behavior• 4. Punish by using mild consequences• 5. Expect behavioral bursts• 6. Effective communication between parents
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Active ignoring
• 1. Briefly remove all attention from child.• 2. Refuse to argue, scold or talk.• 3. Turn head and avoid eye contact.• 4. Do not show anger in manner, gestures, or
speech.• 5. Act absorbed in another activity or leave room.• 6. Be aware of accidental reinforcement.• 7. Give child lots of attention when behavior stops.
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Negative Control Techniques
• Advantages of time out– 1. Quickly weakens many bad behaviors and stops
some behaviors completely.– 2. Easy for parents– 3. Less emotional side effects for parents.– 4. Parents modeling rational and non-aggressive
behaviors– 5. Parent-child relationships returns to normal
after the time out.
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Steps for Time Out• 1. Select target behavior• 2. Count how often this behavior occurs• 3. Pick out a boring place for time out• 4. Explain time out to child• 5. Wait for the target behavior to occur• 6. Place child in time out using no more than 10 words and 10
seconds.• 7. Get a portable timer and set it to ring in __ minutes, placed within
hearing distance• 8. Wait for the timer to ring, remove all attention from child while he
is in time out• 9. Ask child why he was sent to time out before release.
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Natural Consequences
• These are controlled by nature and happenstance,– Playing rough with the cat leads to being
scratched or bitten.– Breaking a toy leads to its loss (don’t replace it).– Not wearing jacket leads to being cold.
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Logical Consequences
• These are controlled by parent:– Riding bike in street leads to loss of bike for 1
week.– Refusal to brush teeth leads to no candy, soft
drinks, or desserts.
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Response Cost
• Loss of everyday privileges following misbehavior or noncompliance
• Every day is a fresh start• No warnings• Consequences from least to most severe• Easy and cheap
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Positive Control Strategies
• Grandma’s Rule• Positive Practice• Reward Alternative Behavior• Reward Other Child (Modeling)
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Points Tokens and Contracts
• Steps– 1. Select target behavior(s)– 2. Make a point-reward calendar– 3. Write a menu of rewards– 4. Keep track of points earned and spent– 5. Adjust the reward program– 6. Phase out the program
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Obstacles to Effective Behavior Management
• 1. Co-existing Conditions• 2. The wrong person is upset• 3. Not staying with the strategy long enough• 4. Staying with the strategy too long• 5. Human tendency to focus on the negative• 6. Assuming saliency of consequence• 7. Parental emotional reactivity
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Children and Media
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Screen Media Concerns
• Each hour of TV watched by preschoolers increases by 10% the likelihood of ADHD by age 7
• AAP recommends NO screen media for children less than 2 years old. For older children up to 2 hours daily of educational and non-violent material