being logical 1

8/4/2019 Being Logical 1

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BEING LOGICAL:BEING LOGICAL:

Preparing the Mind forPreparing the Mind forLogicLogic


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Logic and language are connected!

This is why it is a difficult subject to learn if you are

not learning it in your native language!

It's also why clear communication is important in an

argument.

We cannot evaluate an argument if we do not

understand it.

We cannot argue something if we cannot

communicate clearly.


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Close your eyes and picture a cat.

Three basic components to human knowledge:

1. Objective fact a cat

2. The idea of a cat

3. The word we apply to the idea, which allows us to

communicate it to others. In English, cat.

It all starts with the cat. If there were no real cats,

there would be no idea about them and there would

be no words for the idea.


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Two kinds of reality: subjective and objective

Subjective reality is limited to the subject

experiencing it. Therefore it's only as trustworthy as

the subject.

Obective reality is the actual thing or event out there.

Things An actual, existing object

Events We have no direct evidence of past events

but we have records.

Our ideas are dependent on things and events

outside ourselves.


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The importance of perception

Can you have an idea about something that does not

exist?

Can you have an idea about something without

having a word for it?


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Is there such a thing as truth? What is truth?

Logic is about reality.

Reality is about truth.

The purpose of logic and critical thinking is to arriveat truth.

TruthTruth


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Two kinds of truth

Ontological Truth big word for a simple meaning.

Saying something is ontologically true just means it

exists. Example this computer, classroom, that guyover there.

Logical Truth The truth ofstatements.

A statement is an expression in language that youcan say is either true or false.

For example: Flora and Kimi are from China.

Denny is from Mexico.

TruthTruth


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The Correspondence Theory A statement connects

ideas of the mind (subjective reality) and reality

(objective reality).

Therefore, logical truth is based upon ontological

truth.

TruthTruth


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We need to focus on the outside world, on objectivereality so that we can have accurate ideas about the

world. (Be good sponges!)

We need to think critically about what we find. (Panfor gold)

We need to communicate our ideas (subjective

reality) clearly.

The quality of your speech/language is connected to

the quality of your thought.

In ConcluIn Conclusionsion


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Respond to the following:

Payap has a beautiful campus.What is this?

Do you agree?

Why or why not?

In Class Reflection

being logical 1

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