bell ringer [3 minutes] mark k/s/h/d for body systems vocabulary write 1 sentence using an awl...
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BELL RINGER [3 Minutes]• Mark K/S/H/D for Body Systems
Vocabulary
• Write 1 sentence using an AWL Vocabulary Word (Differentiate, Impact, Evaluate, Criteria)
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BELL RINGER [3 Minutes]
•Body Systems Matching
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MYP Biology: Human Body Systems
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Different cells work together in increasing levels of organization within the human body
There are more than 200 different types of cells in the human body
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Early cells of the human embryo are called Stem Cells. They have the unique ability to become any type of human body cell through a process called Differentiation.
Different cells work together in increasing levels of organization within the human body
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Groups of similar cells work together to form tissues. There are four types:
Different cells work together in increasing levels of organization within the human body
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Epithelial tissue is made up protective sheets of tightly-packed cells. Examples include the skin, and membranes lining the stomach and lungs
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Connective tissue supports and joins together other organs and tissues. Examples include tendons (muscle-bone joint), ligaments (bone-bone joint), bone, and cartilage.
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Muscle tissue can contract (pull back) to produce movement
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Nervous tissue sends and receives impulses (electrical signals) in response to stimuli (something in the surrounding environment)
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• Different types of tissues working together make up units called organs.
• Two or more organs functioning together make up an organ system.
Different cells work together in increasing levels of organization within the human body
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Major organ systems allow the human body to maintain homeostasis:
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The Nervous SystemMajor Function:Processes information and controls the body’s response to its environment.
Organ / Tissue Function
Brain Controls the function of all other organs through generating muscle responses and secreting hormones
Spinal cord & peripheral
nerves
Transmits nerve signals from the brain to the rest of the body.
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How does it help maintain homeostasis?
Signals from electrical impulses and hormones control the interrelated functions of all organ systems.
Controls response to the environment / senses
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The Respiratory SystemMajor Function:Brings oxygen (O2)into the body and releases carbon dioxide (CO2)
Organ / Tissue Function
Nose Takes in and releases air
Trachea Windpipe; allows passage of air to lungs
LungsTransfers oxygen from inhaled air to the bloodstream; exhales carbon dioxide
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How does it help maintain homeostasis?
Regulates stable oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in blood
Low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels can both cause damage
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The Circulatory SystemMajor Function:Circulates oxygen, nutrients, and wastes through the body through bloodstream.
Organ / Tissue Function
Heart Pumps blood through circulatory system
Arteries Vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart
Veins Vessels that carry blood TO the heart
Capillaries Tiny vessels joining veins and arteries
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How does it help maintain homeostasis?
Ensures all cells have a stable level of
oxygen, glucose, and other nutrients to
keep them alive and functioning
Heart rate is consistent
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The Digestive SystemMajor Function:Breaks-down and absorbs nutrients, water, and salts from food
Organ / Tissue Function
Mouth Takes in and begins digestion of food
Esophagus Allows passage of food from mouth to stomach
Stomach Digests food with acids and enzymes
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The Digestive System
Organ / Tissue Function
Small / Large Intestine
Absorbs nutrients and water from digested food and transfers to blood
PancreasProduces digestive enzymes and hormones that regulate digestion
LiverProduces bile and hormones that help with digestion; detoxifies blood
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How does it help maintain homeostasis?
Ensures cells have access to the nutrients they need to function
Also digests / removes toxins from the blood
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The Immune SystemMajor Function:Protects the body from pathogens (things that can make us sick, ex: bacteria, viruses)
Organ / Tissue Function
SkinBarrier and first line of defense against pathogens
Thymus Develops white blood cells
SpleenProduces antibodies (which target and mark pathogens for destruction)
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How does it help maintain homeostasis?
Protects the body from infection, which disrupts homeostasis in different organ systems
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The Excretory SystemMajor Function:Filters and removes wastes from the body
Organ / Tissue Function
Kidneys Filters waste and excess products of metabolism out of the blood
Bladder Collects and releases urine filtered from the kidneys
Large Intestine Reabsorbs water from waste to make solid feces
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How does it help maintain homeostasis?
Removes solid and liquid waste from body
Returns extra water and nutrients back to the bloodstream
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Examples of Human Homeostasis:
Thermoregulation• Brain regulates responses in skin,
muscles, and blood vessels to maintain stable internal body temperature
• 98.6°F in humans
• Shivering / sweating
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Examples of Human Homeostasis:
Blood-Glucose Level• Pancreas and liver produce
hormones that maintain a constant level of glucose in the bloodstream
• Diabetes occurs when these hormones are unable to properly regulate blood sugar levels
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Examples of Human Homeostasis:
Heart Rate / Breathing Rate• Constant resting heart rate (60-75 BPM) allows
consistent blood supply to major organs / cells
• Heart rate / breathing increases during exercise to provide more oxygen and nutrients to cells to process more energy