Bell RingerWhich line is the predator? Which line is the prey? What happens to the predator population when the prey population decreases? What causes the prey population to decrease?

T-Chart

Main Idea My DetailsPredator-Prey Relationship-If prey population decreases then predator population decreases

Chapter 6Humans in the Biosphere

The Effect of Human Activity

Humans affect global environments through: Agriculture Development Industry

Resources that are affected: Soil Water Atmosphere

Agriculture

One of the most important inventions in human history

Encouraged the growth of modern civilizations

Monoculture- planting the same crop in the same spot year after year.

Negatives: Use of water, soil, and fossil fuels

Development

Americans live in dense populated urban areas

Too crowded Developed Suburbs

More People = More Waste

Negatives: Consumes farmlands, destroys natural habitats Waste affects air, water, and soil

Industrial Growth

Inspired by the Industrial Revolution of the 1800s

Needed to provide the United States with up to date technology

Negatives: Requires A LOT of energy Industries have traditionally discarded wastes

directly into the air, water, soil

Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development- provides for human needs while preserving the ecosystems that produce natural resources

Should do more than just enable people to survive, it should help them improve their situation.

Examples: Solar Power, Wind Energy, Etc.

Renewable and Nonrenewable

ResourcesRenewable Resources- can be produced or

replaced by a healthy ecosystem Example: white pine tree, can grow back after

being cut down

Nonrenewable Resources- Natural processes can not replenish them in a reasonable amount of time.

Example: Fossil fuels take millions of years to renew

Class Assignment

Silently, list how humans are affecting the south shore or greater Chicago area environment. Give an example of each.

Closure

Write the conclusion section for our class MEL-Con. Generate 2 ideas for sustainable development and how it might help solve the problems that we listed earlier.

Bell Ringer

What three human activities have transformed the biosphere?

USE YOUR NOTES

6.1 Review

3 human affectivities that affect biosphere: Agriculture- Farming Development-Urbanization, creating suburbs Industrial Growth-Factories, mass production

Resources that are affected: Soil Water Atmosphere

6.2 Using Resources Wisely

Key Questions:Why is soil important, and

how do we protect it?What are the primary

sources of water pollution?What are the major forms of

air pollution?

Soil Resources

Soil Erosion-removal of soil by water or wind Dust Bowl

Desertification- Process of farmland turning into desert

Causes: Farming, overgrazing, drought, and climate change

Soil ResourcesDeforestation-Loss

of forests Leads to severe soil

erosion

Trees help keep the soil in place, absorb carbon dioxide, and protects fresh water supplies Over half the worlds

old-growth forest have been lost to deforestation

Soil Resources

How can we protect our soil?

Freshwater Resources

Humans depend on fresh water for: Drinking water Industry Transportation Energy Waste disposal

Water Pollution

Pollutant-a harmful material that can enter the biosphere

Point source pollution-enters from single source

Example: Oil spill or factory

Nonpoint source pollution: enters from many sources

Example: Run-off from the road or chemicals released into the air by cars and factories

Main Sources of Pollution

Industrial and agriculture chemicals

Residential sewage

Nonpoint sources

Biological Magnification

Occurs when a pollutant, such as DDT, is picked up by an organism and is not broken down or eliminated from its body.

Travels through the energy pyramid

Water Pollution

What are the primary sources of water pollution?

How can we stop water pollution?

Class Assignment

By yourself, work on the chapter 6.2 handout

Class Activity

Individually, list a couple human activities that affect the south shore community environment.

Class Activity

As a group, discuss the factors that you just listed. Group every factor into categories.

Bell Ringer

List two ways to prevent soil erosion.

List 2 ways to reduce water pollution.

USE YOUR NOTES

6.2 Continued

What are the major forms of air pollution?

Atmospheric Resources

AtmosphereAbsorbs harmful ultraviolet

radiationProvides oxygenRegulates global temperature

(without greenhouse effect, earth would be 30 degrees Celsius cooler)

Air Pollution

Common forms of air pollution are:SmogAcid rainGreenhouse gases

Air Pollution

Smog- Gray-brown haze formed by chemical reactions among pollutants released into the air

Acid Rain

Acid RainCaused by releasing nitrogen and sulfur

into airCombine to form nitric and sulfuric acidCan kill plantsCan change composition of soil

Greenhouse Gases

Come from:CarsCows IndustryHomesAgriculture

Definition- Carbon gases that are released into the atmosphere that contribute to global warming and climate change

Class Assignment

Pg. 182 #1-7

Bell Ringer

Get your notes out and study for the 6.1 and 6.2 vocabulary quiz.

(5 minutes)

Corners Activities

After hearing the statement read by your teacher, please walk respectfully to the corner that you agree with most: Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree, Strongly Disagree

Statement #1

The laws against trading ivory should be lifted. This will improve the global economy and get the United States out of this recession.

Statement #2

Crops are needed in order for humans to survive. Even though growing crops can cause soil erosion and hurt natural habitats, humans should continue to grow crops because they are needed to help humans survive.

Statement #3

Humans are the main reason why some natural habitats are no longer able to support the plant and animal populations that were once in that natural habitat.

Biodiversity

Biodiversity- total of all the genetically based variation in all organisms in the biosphere.

Types of Biodiversity

Ecosystem diversity- variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes

Species diversity- number of different species in the biosphere, or in a particular area.

Genetic Diversity- sum total of all different forms of genetic information carried by a particular species

Threats to BiodiversityFive threats:

Altered Habitats- habitats eliminated for urban or agriculture reasonsHabitat Fragmentation-development

causes habitats to splitHunting and the Demand for Wildlife Products-

Causes extinction Introduced Species-

Example- Asian CarpPollution

Example- DDT (Biological Magnification)Climate Change

Conserving Biodiversity

Ecological hot spot- place where significant numbers of species and habitats are in immediate danger of extinction.

Class Assignment

Complete the 6.3 worksheet

Use your textbook and notes

Bell Ringer

What are the five major threats to biodiversity? (Use your notes)

Who is responsible for these threats on biodiversity?

Homework Review

Take out your chapter 6.3 worksheet for review

Causes

Deforestation

Air Pollution

Water Pollution

Development

Industrial Growth

Bell Ringer

Explain why a paper company would say that deforestation is not as bad as people make it out to be.

At least 3 sentencesUse “Lorax” notes/worksheet

Chapter 6.4 Key Questions

How does the average ecological footprint in America compare to world’s average?

How can ecology guide us toward a sustainable future?

Ecological Footprints

Ecological Footprint-total amount of functioning ecosystem needed to both provide the resources a human population uses, and to absorb the wastes that population generates

Calculating Eco-Footprint

There is no universal method of measuring ecological footprints

Makes calculating footprints very difficult

Calculating Ecological Footprints

Footprint Calculator

Comparing Footprints

According to the diagram, the average American has an ecological footprint over four times larger than the global average.Twice the size of EnglandMore than twice the size of JapanSix times the size of China

Key Questions

How does the average ecological footprint in America compare to world’s average?

How can ecology guide us toward a sustainable future?