Bell WorkDirections: Take the NOTES on the back table

and answer the following questions:

1)What is ‘art’?2)Why do societies create art?3)What can be learned about

a society through its art?

Objectives

• I will identify and describe Ancient Greek visual art• I will analyze how art reflects a

society’s values

Greek Visual Art

Greek visual art is mainly five forms: architecture,

sculpture, painting, pottery and jewelry making

Stations!

• At each table, there are visuals and readings• Using your notes, complete all of the

sections for each station• We will be reviewing and adding

information as a class when finished

Reflections so far…

• Write in your notebook! Be prepared to share your answer with the class! =)

• What are beliefs and values are reflected in these works of art? Which piece of visual art reflected the Greek culture the best? Why?

Architecture

• The Greeks developed three architectural systems, called orders, each with their own distinctive proportions and detailing. The Greek orders are: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.

Doric

• The Doric style is sturdy and its top (the capital), is plain. This style was

used in mainland Greece and the colonies in southern Italy and Sicily.

Doric Order Example: The Parthenon

ParthenonConstruction began in 447 BCE and was completed in 438 BCE

• Pericles began the public works project• Phidas = Sculpture• Ictinus and

Callicrates = architects

ParthenonLocated on the Acropolis in Athens, Greece

Parthenon• Parthenon – Dedicated to Athena, Greek

goddess of wisdom

Ionic

• The Ionic style is thinner and more elegant. Its capital is decorated with a scroll-like design (a volute).

This style was found in eastern Greece and the islands.

Ionic Order Example: Temple of Athena Nike

located on the Acroplis, Athens, Greece

Temple of Athena Nike

• Callicrates = architect• Nike means “victory” in

Greek• Athena was worshipped

in this form, as goddess of victory in war and wisdom

• Earliest fully ionic temple on the Acropolis

Temple of Athena NikeCompleted in 480 BCE

Corinthian• The Corinthian style is seldom used in the Greek

world, but often seen on Roman temples. Its capital is very elaborate and decorated with acanthus leaves.

Corinthian Order Example:Temple of Olympian Zeus

Temple of Olympian Zeus• Colossal ruined temple in the center of Athens (the Greek

Capital)• Dedicated to Zeus, king of the Olympian gods

Temple of Olympian Zeus

Began construction in 520 BCE and not finished until 132 AD. A series of overthrown leaders and war lead to the project being abandoned over and over again…

Sculpture

• Classical Art (480 - 323 BC) – “Golden Age” = Athens rose to prominence and Greek

expansion to Alexander the Great’s death.

• Turning point in art • Sculptors mastered marble – Created statues that showed joyous freedom of

movement and expression– Celebrated mankind as an independent entity

Discobolos (The Discus Thrower) by Myron

Freedom of Movement

• “Anticipation of Action”• Realistic figures which emanated the illusion

of moving through space.• Three-dimensional snap shots of figures in

action• Harmony, Balance, Rythme, and Proportion

Zeus of ArtemisionBronze

• It was the first time in human history that the human body was studied for its aesthetic values, and was treated as an autonomous universe.

• The object of art became the human itself

Youth of MarathonBronze, circa 340 B.C

•

In the Classical period… - Greek statues = a lack of expression

- Suppression of the emotions = noble characteristic of all civilized men- ‘Barbarians’ = dramatic facial expression. - Showing emotions = barbaruc

Pottery of Ancient Greece

• Large part of the archaeological record of Ancient Greece– 100,000+ vases recorded.

• Shards of pots discarded or buried = best guide to the customary life and mind of the ancient Greeks

• Red and black-figure vases are one of the most important sources of mythology, iconography, and day to day life of ancient Greece

Black Figure Pottery• 620 BCE to 480 BCE• Developed in Corinth, Greece• black figures on a red

background.

Red Figure Pottery• 530 BCE to late 200 BCE• Developed in Athens, Greece• figures depicted in red color

on a black background

Greek Pottery ProcessPlease follow along with notes…

Homework• Based on all of the visual art discussed today,

what did the Hellenistic people value? Write an 11 sentence paragraph using SPECIFIC evidence from your notes!