Bell Work: Using GraphicsBell Work: Using Graphics 11stst: Peninsulares: Spanish Officials: : Peninsulares: Spanish Officials:

Ruling ClassRuling Class 22ndnd: Criollos: Born, Mexico; Spanish : Criollos: Born, Mexico; Spanish

ParentsParents 33rdrd: Mestizos: European And Native : Mestizos: European And Native

American AncestryAmerican Ancestry 44thth: Africans: Enslaved By Europeans: Africans: Enslaved By Europeans 55thth: Native Americans: Lowest Level : Native Americans: Lowest Level

Of SocietyOf Society

Chapter 7: Mexico Chapter 7: Mexico TodayToday

Section 1: The Roots Of Section 1: The Roots Of Modern MexicoModern Mexico

What motivated Cortes to What motivated Cortes to conquer Mexico?conquer Mexico?

Gold Gold Glory Glory Land For SpainLand For Spain

What factors helped the What factors helped the Spanish conquer the Aztecs?Spanish conquer the Aztecs?

Better WeaponsBetter Weapons HorsesHorses Native American AlliesNative American Allies

What is the historical What is the historical significance of the fall of significance of the fall of

Tenochtitlan in 1521?Tenochtitlan in 1521? It was the It was the endend of the Aztec Empire, of the Aztec Empire,

but the but the beginningbeginning of the Spanish of the Spanish Rule. Rule.

What things did the Spanish What things did the Spanish introduce that changed life in introduce that changed life in

the region?the region? New AnimalsNew Animals New Skills, such as blacksmithingNew Skills, such as blacksmithing TradeTrade Religion….Was Religion Optional? Religion….Was Religion Optional?

NO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!NO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! People were often executed for !!!!!!!!!! People were often executed for not practicing the appropriate religion. not practicing the appropriate religion.

What is one element of a What is one element of a Native America lifestyle that Native America lifestyle that

has been blended into Mexican has been blended into Mexican culture?culture?

FOOD!!!!!!!FOOD!!!!!!!!!!!

What name was given to the What name was given to the class of people of both Spanish class of people of both Spanish and Native American ancestry?and Native American ancestry? Mestizo!!!!! Mestizo!!!!!

How did the criollos differ from How did the criollos differ from the peninsulares?the peninsulares?

The criollos were people born in The criollos were people born in Mexico, and their parents were born Mexico, and their parents were born in Spain. in Spain.

The peninsulares were Spanish The peninsulares were Spanish officials born in Spain.officials born in Spain.

What was the system of What was the system of encomienda?encomienda?

It is a system that gave each Spanish It is a system that gave each Spanish official a group of Native Americans official a group of Native Americans to watch over. to watch over.

Which groups of people Which groups of people benefited least from Mexico’s benefited least from Mexico’s

independence from Spain?independence from Spain? Native Americans AND Mestizos, Native Americans AND Mestizos,

people born in Mexico……Native people born in Mexico……Native American mixed with Spanish. American mixed with Spanish.

What about the Africans? How did What about the Africans? How did they benefit? THEY DID NOT!they benefit? THEY DID NOT!

Which states in the current Which states in the current United States were once part United States were once part

of Mexico?of Mexico? TexasTexas CaliforniaCalifornia Colorado Colorado New MexicoNew Mexico WyomingWyoming Nevada Nevada UtahUtah ArizonaArizona Oklahoma Oklahoma Kansas Kansas

What was the result of the war What was the result of the war between Mexico and the between Mexico and the

United States?United States? United States new land, Northern United States new land, Northern

Mexico. Mexico. ALSO, Mexico had to sign a treaty G. ALSO, Mexico had to sign a treaty G.

H., which officially gave this land to H., which officially gave this land to U.S. U.S.

Treaty Of Guadalupe HidalgoTreaty Of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Chapter 7: Mexico Chapter 7: Mexico TodayToday

Section 2: Government In Section 2: Government In Mexico: Revolution And Mexico: Revolution And

ReformReform

What were the concerns of the What were the concerns of the people planning reforms in people planning reforms in

Mexico?Mexico? LandLand Religion…..Was religion going to be Religion…..Was religion going to be

government? government? Power Power

What rights were granted by What rights were granted by the constitution of 1857?the constitution of 1857?

EqualityEquality Freedom Of SpeechFreedom Of Speech END TO SLAVERY!!!!!END TO SLAVERY!!!!! Reduce Military PowerReduce Military Power

According to revolutionary According to revolutionary leaders, what were the leaders, what were the

important problems facing important problems facing Mexico?Mexico?

Wealthier Wealthier Freedom, for allFreedom, for all Honest ElectionsHonest Elections Land, for allLand, for all Farmers’ rightsFarmers’ rights

How did the distribution of land How did the distribution of land change after the Revolution?change after the Revolution?

LAND WAS MORE EQUAL……..THAT’S LAND WAS MORE EQUAL……..THAT’S WHAT THEY WANTED!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!WHAT THEY WANTED!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================

How did the most powerful How did the most powerful political party in Mexico political party in Mexico preserve the idea of the preserve the idea of the

Revolution?Revolution? PRI: Institutional Revolutionary PartyPRI: Institutional Revolutionary Party

THEY ALWAYS USED THE WORD THEY ALWAYS USED THE WORD REVOLUTION IN THEIR PARTY REVOLUTION IN THEIR PARTY NAME!!!!!!NAME!!!!!!

United Mexican StatesUnited Mexican States33rdrd Period Period

What was the historic What was the historic significance of the election of significance of the election of Vicente Fox in the year 2000?Vicente Fox in the year 2000?

First President not from the PRI First President not from the PRI Party, in 70 years. Party, in 70 years.

How are the system of How are the system of government in the United government in the United States and Mexico alike?States and Mexico alike?

Democratic Republic.Democratic Republic. Have three branches: Executive, Have three branches: Executive,

Legislative, and Judicial. Legislative, and Judicial. Power is shared by national and state Power is shared by national and state

governments. governments. States have elected governors. States have elected governors.

Chapter 7: Mexico Chapter 7: Mexico TodayToday

Section 3: Mexico’s Changing Section 3: Mexico’s Changing EconomyEconomy

Why did the ejido system fail Why did the ejido system fail to lift Mexican farmers out of to lift Mexican farmers out of

poverty?poverty?Because they didn’t really own the Because they didn’t really own the

land. land.

Nobody would give them a Nobody would give them a loan…..POOR! POOR! POOR! No loan…..POOR! POOR! POOR! No landownership!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!landownership!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

How did privatization change How did privatization change farming in Mexico?farming in Mexico?

Farmers could vote to divide land, Farmers could vote to divide land, and then they could sell, rent, or and then they could sell, rent, or trade. trade.

Can we have a loan now that we Can we have a loan now that we have land?have land?

What steps did the Mexican What steps did the Mexican government take to encourage government take to encourage

industry in the mid-1900s?industry in the mid-1900s? Built new power plants to supply Built new power plants to supply

energy for factories. energy for factories. Constructed homes for factory workers. Constructed homes for factory workers. Lent money to businesses.Lent money to businesses. Lowered taxesLowered taxes BUILT STUFF! BUILT STUFF! Privatized businesses!!!!!!!!! Divided Privatized businesses!!!!!!!!! Divided

big corporations!!!!!!big corporations!!!!!!

What were the effects of What were the effects of government aid on business?government aid on business?

Increased production. Increased production. Encouraged new factories. Encouraged new factories. Promoted building STUFF. Promoted building STUFF. Improved distribution. MADE things Improved distribution. MADE things

EQUAL!EQUAL!

What is a maquiladora and What is a maquiladora and what does it do?what does it do?

It is factories on the border of Mexico and It is factories on the border of Mexico and the United States, usually owned by non-the United States, usually owned by non-Mexicans. Mexicans.

Import parts, and export finished products. Import parts, and export finished products.

Example: Import wood, and then exports Example: Import wood, and then exports tables. tables.

What is a raw material? What is a What is a raw material? What is a manufactured good?manufactured good?

What goal has NAFTA What goal has NAFTA achieved?achieved?

North American Free Trade AgreementNorth American Free Trade Agreement

““What does this do?” What does this do?”

“ “ They do trade agreements between They do trade agreements between U.S., Canada, and Mexico.” They U.S., Canada, and Mexico.” They reduce the taxes on these items reduce the taxes on these items traded. traded.

What is Mexico’s most What is Mexico’s most important natural resource?important natural resource?

Petroleum and/or Oil Petroleum and/or Oil

Who runs this industry? PEMEX Who runs this industry? PEMEX

PEMEX runs the petroleum and/or Oil PEMEX runs the petroleum and/or Oil industry. industry.

What is the role of PEMEX?What is the role of PEMEX? PEMEX runs the Petroleum and/or Oil PEMEX runs the Petroleum and/or Oil

industry. industry.

What are some tourist What are some tourist attractions in Mexico?attractions in Mexico?

Sunny Beaches/Warm WeatherSunny Beaches/Warm Weather Maya RuinsMaya Ruins MuseumsMuseums Craft Shops, Jewelry ShopsCraft Shops, Jewelry Shops And the big tree, it is a sacred tree. It And the big tree, it is a sacred tree. It

is over 2,000 years old. is over 2,000 years old.

How did the government and How did the government and private businesses promote private businesses promote

tourism in Cancun?tourism in Cancun? Built airports, highways, new and Built airports, highways, new and

improved roads, hotels, and other improved roads, hotels, and other attractions. attractions.

Bell Work: Main IdeasBell Work: Main Ideas How has privation changed the ejido system?How has privation changed the ejido system? It has put land in-the hands of individual farmers. It has put land in-the hands of individual farmers. What part has Mexico’s government played in What part has Mexico’s government played in

the growth of industry?the growth of industry? The Mexican government has encouraged the The Mexican government has encouraged the

growth of industry by building power plants and growth of industry by building power plants and aiding manufacturers in the distribution of aiding manufacturers in the distribution of goods.goods.

How does tourism contribute to Mexico’s How does tourism contribute to Mexico’s economy?economy?

Tourism is the second-largest industry. Tourism is the second-largest industry.

Chapter 7: Mexico Chapter 7: Mexico TodayToday

Section 4: Mexico’s Culture Section 4: Mexico’s Culture TodayToday

What traditions have blended What traditions have blended to form Mexico’s culture to form Mexico’s culture

today?today?

What examples of architecture What examples of architecture in Mexico City represent the in Mexico City represent the

three traditions?three traditions?

What factors have contributed What factors have contributed to the growth of Mexico City?to the growth of Mexico City?

What problems have resulted What problems have resulted from this growth?from this growth?

In what ways does the plaza In what ways does the plaza serve as the center of life in serve as the center of life in

the countryside?the countryside?

Why is a limited opportunity Why is a limited opportunity for education an especially for education an especially

serious problem in rural areas?serious problem in rural areas?

How is the celebration of How is the celebration of Independence Day in Mexico Independence Day in Mexico similar to Independence Day similar to Independence Day

celebrations in the United celebrations in the United States?States?

Why do towns and villages Why do towns and villages hold fiesta celebrations?hold fiesta celebrations?