Bellringer

• Get out your venn diagram• Get out your outline for the quiz.• You have 5 minutes.• BJOTD: What kind of monkey can

fly?

Bellringer 11/11

• Did you study last night??• Get ready for speed dating review by

making sure you have picked up your questions and answers from me.

• Read my comments and make any changes/fixes to your questions

• BJOTD: What did the banker say to the football player? –Jorge Gallo

After the Quiz

• Place the packet and your test in the appropriate spot on the cart.

• Read through the “Speed Dating: Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment” Worksheet–Using Chapter 6, sections 1-2, in your

textbook start looking up some of these individuals you could be in speed dating. Who do you want to be?

Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment

Introduction

Background

• What did the Renaissance do?– The Renaissance sparked interest and

curiosity about many things, allowing people to start to think for themselves

• What did the Reformation question?– The Reformation led people to question

and challenge the original views of God, the church, and salvation

• At the same time as the Reformation…– Individuals began to challenge the way

people viewed their place in the Universe. This became known as the Scientific Revolution.

What was the Scientific Revolution?

• The Scientific Revolution was a new way of thinking about the natural world.

• Based on: – careful observation of nature– a willingness to question widely accepted

beliefs– Reason

• Result: the expansion of scientific knowledge

How did they come up with these ideas?

• Scientific Method– Created by

Aristotle– A logical

procedure for gathering and testing ideas

Scientists of the Scientific Revolution

• Need to know for the SOLs

• Isaac Newton• Nicolas Copernicus• Johannes Kepler• Galileo Galilei• William Harvey• Aristotle• Rene Descartes

Processing

• What was the Scientific Revolution?

• What are two things the Scientific Revolution is based on?

The Enlightenment

• What was the Enlightenment?– An intellectual movement where

enlightenment thinkers tried to apply reason and scientific methods to the HUMAN world as well as to the rest of the natural world

– People wanted to build a society around the ideas of the Scientific Revolution

Examples of Enlightenment Ideas

• Freedom of speech• Separation of powers: government

should be divided on different levels so that no one level has all the power– Example: England has a monarch and a

Parliament

• Natural rights: life, liberty, property• Freedom of religion

How did the movement spread?

• Salons—wealthy women and men would gather to discuss ideas

• Encyclopedias published many Enlightenment ideas

• Pamphlets and newspapers helped to spread the word about new ideas

Enlightenment Thinkers

• Need to know for the SOLs

• John Locke• Montesquieu• Voltaire• Beccaria• Thomas Hobbes• Jean-Jacques Rousseau• Thomas Jefferson• Mary Wollstonecraft

Results of the Enlightenment

• Stimulated religious tolerance• Helped to start democratic

revolutions around the world• Rise of individualism—thinking for

yourself• Rise of a more secular or worldly

outlook

Speed Dating

• Starting next class, we are going to be researching for our speed-dating activity

• You and a partner will research and then become one of the individuals from either the Scientific Revolution or the Enlightenment

• Each of you will be responsible for being that person in a round of speed dating—why would someone want to choose you to be the best influence on their country?

Bellringer

• Sit at the tables in the center of the classroom.

• Take out your notes from last class• Complete the Processing questions

from your sheet.

• BJOTD: Why did the bank robber go see a chiropractor?

Leaders of the Scientific Revolution

Nicolaus Copernicus—1500s

• Did not agree with the geocentric model of the universe

• First to study the idea that the sun was at the center of the universe

• After 25 years, Copernicus proved that the sun was in the center of the stars and other planets

• Called the heliocentric theory—sun-centered

Johannes Kepler—1600s

• Kepler expanded on Copernicus’ ideas—he wanted to know why and how the planets orbit the way they do

• Proved that the planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits instead of perfect circles

Galileo Galilei—1500-1600

• 1609—he used a telescope to study the heavens

• 1610—wrote Starry Messenger, which described his observations– Confirmed

Copernicus’ theory of a heliocentric universe

Galileo Tidbits

• Galileo's ideas went against the church, so he was “encouraged” not to publish his book

• Taken to court by the Church and put to torture– Under torture, he lied and

claimed that Copernicus’ ideas were wrong

• Jailed until his death, but his ideas still spread.

Isaac Newton

• By 24, Newton was certain all physical objects on Earth and in space were equally affected by the same forces

• His big idea: linking motion in the heaven with motion on earth– Called the Law of Universal Gravitation

• Every object in the Universe attracts every other object. The amount of attraction depends on the mass of the object and the distance between them.

William Harvey—1600s

• Wrote On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals

• Showed the heart acts as a pump to circulate the blood throughout the body

• Described the function of blood vessels

Other Important Inventions

• Microscope• Edward Jenner invented a vaccine

for Smallpox• First Fahrenheit Thermometer

Processing

• Which innovation do you feel was the most important, and why?