BELLRINGER QUESTIONSOCTOBER 22ND, 2012GET YOUR CLICKER – ANSWER THE FIRST Q FIRST What made Eastern Europe’s economy in the

1600s different than Western Europe’s?A. Eastern Europe was still focused on serfdomB. Western Europe was still focused on serfdomC. Eastern Europe was developing a system of capitalismD. There were few to no differences between the two

What weakened Spain?A. Philip refused to declare bankruptcyB. They borrowed too much money from England/FranceC. Inflation and an unfair tax system paralyzed SpainD. The Spanish middle class became too powerful

Coconuts kill more people each year than sharks do.

RANDOM FACT OF THE DAY

MAIN POINTS: THE REIGN OF LOUIS

XIVChapter 5, Section 2

NOTES FOCUS What was the cause of France’s civil

wars between 1562-1598? What were two ways that Cardinal

Richelieu expanded the power of the French king?

What were three ways that Louis XIV hurt France with his decisions?

Timeline ActivityStarting Year – 1500Ending Year -- 1800

RELIGIOUS WARS Between 1562 and 1598 France was

rocked with 8 religious wars.At this same time, Spain is powerful under

Philip II and England powerful under Elizabeth I.

The wars were between the Catholics and French Huguenots.Huguenots are Calvinist Protestants.

Most notable war was the St. Bartholomew’s Day massacre of 1572

THE BOURBON DYNASTY France had been under the rule of the Valois

dynasty Henry II was the last notable Valois. His wife was Catherine de Medici. Upon the death of Henry II in 1559, all three of their

sons ruled, but Catherine was the regent in control. Upon the death of Henry III and his mother Catherine

de Medici, Henry of Navarre was the heir apparent to the throne. He also had married Henry and Catherine’s daughter, Margaret.

Henry of Navarre was a Huguenot, but changed his religion to Catholicism before his becoming king.

Henry of Navarre would become Henry IV, first Bourbon king of France.

HEALING RELIGIOUS WOUNDS

To end the religious wars Henry issued the Edicts of Nantes in 1598.

Edict of Nantes A declaration of religious tolerance in

France. Promised Protestants could live in

peace in France. Allowed Protestants to set up houses

of worship in some French cities. In 1610, Henry IV was assassinated.

Many believe it was over his religious compromise.

LOUIS XIII Henry IV’s son, but not

like his father. Louis XIII was weak.

He appointed a strong minister to make decisions in his name.

Cardinal Richelieu, in effect, became the ruler of France

MEET CARDINAL RICHELIEU

RICHELIEU'S DECISIONS Steps to increase the power of the

Bourbon Monarchy1. He moved against the Huguenots and

forbade Protestant cities to have walls. That way Protestants had a hard time defending

their cities.2. He weakened the power of the French

nobles. Nobles had to take down fortified castles. Government agents were appointed from the

middle class, not noble class.3. Richelieu involved France in the Thirty

Years War to limit Hapsburg Power.

LOUIS XIV (1638-1715) Son of Louis XIII and Anne Became king at the age of 4 when

his father, died. Cardinal Jules Mazarin became

regent of France until Louis was of age to rule.Mazarin’s Decisions as Regent

Mazarin ended France’s participation in the Thirty Years War in 1648

Increased taxes on Nobles Strengthened the Central government

France’s nobles hated Mazarin

LOUIS XIV: OF AGE TO RULE

Louis took control of France at age 22.

Actions as an absolute monarch. Weakened power of nobles and

increased power of government officials called intendants. Intendants collected taxes and administered

justice. Appointed a Minister of Finance

Jean Baptiste Colbert – believer in mercantilism Expanded manufacturing to make France

self-sufficient Encouraged migration to Canada to

increase fur trade.

LOUIS XIV: ABSOLUTE RULER Louis eventually became

the strongest king of his time.

He boasted “L’etat, c’est moi” Translation: I AM THE STATE!

Nickname: The Sun King France had the largest

population in 1660 with the most superior army.

Louis would use his reign to make France the most powerful nation on earth.

THE WIVES OF LOUIS XIV

Maria Theresa of SpainGreat Granddaughter of Philip

II

Françoise d'AubignéThe Marquise de Maintenon

FIRST

COUSIN

HIS MISTRESSES

LOUIS XIV’S WARS Invasion of the Spanish Netherlands War of Spanish Succession (1701-1713)

Caused by fear of French domination when Louis XIV’s grandson, Philip of Anjou became King of Spain in 1700

England, Austria, Netherlands, Portugal, German & Italian states joined to prevent the union of France and Spain

Ended by the Treaty of Utrecht in 1714

CONSEQUENCES OF WAR France was weakened by Louis’s decisions

Louis repealed the Edict of Nantes. Protestants left France in droves, many were

middle class merchants hurting the economy. Wars were costly and poor were heavily

taxed. France was in debt due to war and Louis’s

lavish patronage of the arts. Poor harvests increased suffering of France’s

poor. Result: People of France rejoiced when

Louis XIV died.

POSITIVES OF LOUIS’ REIGN During Louis’ reign, France was

powerful.

France was the military leader of Europe.

France ranked first in the arts, literature and statesmanship.

TOMORROW… So how does

Louis XIV “show off” his power?

We will look at the Palace of Versailles, a.k.a. the House that Louis built

EXIT QUESTIONS